Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe DOI Creative Commons

Jigisha Jigisha,

Jeanine Ly,

Nikolaos Minadakis

и другие.

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(5), С. e3003097 - e3003097

Опубликована: Май 2, 2025

Agricultural diseases are a major threat to sustainable food production. Yet, for many pathogens we know exceptionally little about their epidemiological and population dynamics, this knowledge gap is slowing the development of efficient control strategies. Here study genomics molecular epidemiology wheat powdery mildew, disease caused by biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis forma specialis tritici (Bgt). We sampled Bgt across two consecutive years, 2022 2023, compiled genomic dataset 415 isolates from 22 countries in Europe surrounding regions. identified single epidemic unit north Europe, consisting highly homogeneous population. Conversely, south hosts smaller local populations which less interconnected. In addition, show that structure can be largely predicted prevalent wind patterns. several loci were under selection recent past, including fungicide targets avirulence genes. Some these common between populations, while others not, suggesting different selective pressures. reconstructed evolutionary history one loci, AvrPm17 , coding an effector recognized receptor Pm17. found evidence soft sweep on standing genetic variation. Multiple haplotypes, partially escape recognition Pm17, spread rapidly throughout continent upon its introduction early 2000s. also new virulent variant, emerged more recently evade Pm17 resistance altogether. Overall, highlight potential surveillance resolving dynamics agricultural pathogens, as well guiding

Язык: Английский

Genomic Surveillance and Molecular Evolution of Fungicide Resistance in European Populations of Wheat Powdery Mildew DOI Creative Commons
Nikolaos Minadakis,

Jigisha Jigisha,

Luca Cornetti

и другие.

Molecular Plant Pathology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Fungicides are used in agriculture to manage fungal infections and maintain crop yield quality. In Europe, their application on cereals increased drastically starting from the mid 1970s, contributing a significant improvement yields. However, extensive usage has led rapid evolution of resistant pathogen populations within just few years fungicide deployment. Here we focus wheat powdery mildew, disease caused by ascomycete fungus Blumeria graminis forma specialis tritici (Bgt). Previous research Bgt documented emergence resistance different fungicides identified various mechanisms. Yet, frequency, distribution evolutionary dynamics remain largely unexplored. this study, leveraged sampling whole‐genome sequencing Europe Mediterranean investigate population genetics molecular epidemiology towards five major classes. We analysed gene sequences copy number variation eight known target genes 415 isolates sampled between 1980 2023. observed that mutations conferring frequency over time had distinct geographic distributions, probably due diverse deployment across regions. For demethylation inhibitor fungicides, multiple independent events with mutational profiles, tracked spread last decades. Overall, revealed epidemiological European populations. These results underscore potential genomic surveillance enhance our understanding resistance.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe DOI Creative Commons

Jigisha Jigisha,

Jeanine Ly,

Nikolaos Minadakis

и другие.

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(5), С. e3003097 - e3003097

Опубликована: Май 2, 2025

Agricultural diseases are a major threat to sustainable food production. Yet, for many pathogens we know exceptionally little about their epidemiological and population dynamics, this knowledge gap is slowing the development of efficient control strategies. Here study genomics molecular epidemiology wheat powdery mildew, disease caused by biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis forma specialis tritici (Bgt). We sampled Bgt across two consecutive years, 2022 2023, compiled genomic dataset 415 isolates from 22 countries in Europe surrounding regions. identified single epidemic unit north Europe, consisting highly homogeneous population. Conversely, south hosts smaller local populations which less interconnected. In addition, show that structure can be largely predicted prevalent wind patterns. several loci were under selection recent past, including fungicide targets avirulence genes. Some these common between populations, while others not, suggesting different selective pressures. reconstructed evolutionary history one loci, AvrPm17 , coding an effector recognized receptor Pm17. found evidence soft sweep on standing genetic variation. Multiple haplotypes, partially escape recognition Pm17, spread rapidly throughout continent upon its introduction early 2000s. also new virulent variant, emerged more recently evade Pm17 resistance altogether. Overall, highlight potential surveillance resolving dynamics agricultural pathogens, as well guiding

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1