Using Hypothesis-Led Machine Learning and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis to Identify Disease Pathways Prior to Dementia: Longitudinal Cohort Study

Journal of Medical Internet Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25, С. e41858 - e41858

Опубликована: Май 28, 2023

Background Dementia development is a complex process in which the occurrence and sequential relationships of different diseases or conditions may construct specific patterns leading to incident dementia. Objective This study aimed identify disease symptom clusters their sequences prior dementia using novel approach incorporating machine learning methods. Methods Using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, data from 15,700 older people with nondementia controls matched on age, sex, index year (n=10,466, 67% for training set n=5234, 33% testing set) were retrieved analysis. methods capture hierarchical triplet dementia, we designed algorithm four steps: (1) preprocessing, (2) pathway selection, (3) model construction optimization, (4) visualization. Results Among identified 10,466 5234 subjects randomly assigned sets, 6215 positive correlations onset identified. We subsequently generated 19,438 features prediction models, best performance was support vector (SVM) by-group LASSO (least absolute shrinkage selection operator) regression method (total corresponding features=2513; accuracy=0.615; sensitivity=0.607; specificity=0.622; predictive value=0.612; negative value=0.619; area under curve=0.639). In total, this captured 49 related development, most characteristic started cardiovascular (mainly hypertension), cerebrovascular disease, mobility disorders, infections, followed by neuropsychiatric conditions. Conclusions real world an intricate involving various conditions, co-occurrence, relationships. approach, roles (cardio- disease) supporting (mental locomotion difficulties, nonspecific neurological conditions) development. Further studies other countries are needed validate algorithms allowing comprehensive strategies prevent care world.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of Physical Activity on Physical and Cognition Function among Community-Living Older Adults

IntechOpen eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024

The aging population presents unique challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, particularly in terms of maintaining physical function and cognitive abilities old age. Physical activity (PA) is emerging as a potent intervention enhance the well-being functional independence older individuals. current review chapter will focus on effect PA provide comprehensive understanding interplay among community-dwelling adults. (1) overviews positive impact functions, including muscle strength, endurance, balance, cardiovascular health, elucidating how these benefits contribute improved mobility reduced risk falls adults, (2) explores also regular associated with benefits, its preventive or delaying decline, enhancements memory, attention, executive function, overall vitality. It emphasizes critical role enhancing capacity managing daily living adults offers insights into effective strategies for promoting active healthy aging. These knowledge can guide practitioners, policymakers, researchers developing implementing promote support populations.

Язык: Английский

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Improving Neurological Health in Aging via Neuroplasticity-based Computerized Exercise (INHANCE): Protocol for a randomized controlled trial (Preprint)

JMIR Research Protocols, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13, С. e59705 - e59705

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2024

Our current understanding of how computerized brain training drives cognitive and functional benefits remains incomplete. This paper describes the protocol for Improving Neurological Health in Aging via Neuroplasticity-based Computerized Exercise (INHANCE), a randomized controlled trial healthy older adults designed to evaluate whether improves cholinergic signaling.

Язык: Английский

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Psychological Resilience Among Older Japanese Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2022

Psychological resilience refers to the ability cope with adversities, and deficits in might lead mental illness. The COVID-19 pandemic has had impact on psychological for older adults, but there are as yet no data its impacts health of adults who were living mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Therefore, aim this study was investigate MCI explore associated physical psychosocial factors. In cross-sectional 268 aged 65-85, we defined age- education-adjusted decline a standard deviation 1.0 or more from reference threshold. During December 2020 April 2021, carried out all participants 10-item version Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10) measure resilience. We also conducted comprehensive geriatric assessment including sleep quality depressive symptoms (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale, respectively). To identify factors CD-RISC-10 scores (mean: 23.3 ± 0.4), multiple regression analysis revealed that age [coefficient = 0.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.06-0.39] significantly correlated higher scores, whereas poor (coefficient -2.06, CI -3.93 -0.19) -2.95, -5.70 -0.21) lower scores. study, showed low during pandemic, people indicated symptoms. Our findings suggest directions devising interventions maintain among vulnerable population under socially isolated conditions restrictions. recommendation includes continuous appropriate care

Язык: Английский

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Differential diagnosis of MCI with Lewy bodies and MCI due to Alzheimer’s disease by visual assessment of occipital hypoperfusion on SPECT images

Japanese Journal of Radiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 42(3), С. 308 - 318

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023

Язык: Английский

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The Japan-Multimodal Intervention Trial for Prevention of Dementia PRIME Tamba (J-MINT PRIME Tamba): Study protocol of a randomised controlled multi-domain intervention trial

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 104, С. 104803 - 104803

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2022

The Japan-Multimodal Intervention Trial for Prevention of Dementia PRIME Tamba (J-MINT Tamba) is a randomised controlled trial to prevent cognitive decline in community-dwelling cognitively ordinary older people at risk dementia. Participants are aged 65-85 years living rural area Japan, aware very mild function or abilities activities daily living, have least one vascular (e.g. hypertension diabetes), and Mini-Mental State Examination score 24 higher. Approximately 200 participants randomly divided into two groups, with the intervention group receiving multi-modal intervention, including lifestyle-related disease management, physical exercise, training, nutritional counselling, over 18 months. primary outcome change composite seven neuropsychological tests, Free Cued Selective Reminding Test, Logical Memory I II subsets Wechsler Scale-Revised, Digit Symbol Substitution Test Adult Intelligence Scale. In addition, changes wide range other parameters such as function, blood test results, sleep, frailty also analysed secondary outcomes. We believe that this study's results will contribute significantly development dementia prevention measures Japan. Clinical registration number: UMIN000041938.

Язык: Английский

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Feasibility of a community-adapted multi-domain intervention for dementia prevention among older adults: a research protocol

Archives of Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 81(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2023

Abstract Background Multi-domain interventions effectively prevent dementia in clinical settings; however, their efficacy within local communities is unclear. This study assesses the feasibility of an adapted multi-domain intervention for prevention community-dwelling older adults. Methods The single-arm trial enrolls 60 participants from two Obu City communities, Japan. Primary outcome: participant retention intervention; secondary outcomes: health and implementation outcomes. Over 12 months, a team researchers public nurse oversees first half, gradually shifting management to nurses second half. Using Framework Reporting Adaptations Modifications-Enhanced, programme adjusted community. It includes 60-minute exercise 30-minute group sessions, targeting lifestyle, diet, social participation. Discussion pioneer evaluates community setting. Challenges disseminating programmes warrant further investigation into effective as well strategies methods appeal target population. Upon confirming this programme’s feasibility, future studies can evaluate its broader effectiveness. Trial registration protocol registered with Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR) University Hospital’s Medical Information Network, under number UMIN000050581.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of Eligibility Criteria on Patient Selection and Treatment Implications from 10 Multidomain Dementia Prevention Trials: A Population-Based Study

Neuroepidemiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 57(1), С. 14 - 24

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2022

Introduction: Dementia prevention trials have so far shown little benefit of multidomain interventions against cognitive decline. Recruitment strategies in these often centre around dementia risk or cardiovascular profile, but it is uncertain whether this leads to inclusion individuals who may most from the intervention. We determined effects eligibility criteria on recruitment potential trial participants general population. Methods: In a systematic search until January 1, 2022, we identified all published and ongoing large (≥500 participants), phase-3 for decline dementia. applied 5,381 population-based Rotterdam Study (mean age: 72 years, 58% women), compare participant characteristics, predicted disease, risk, between eligible ineligible persons. Results: 10 trials, which 5 had been (DR’s EXTRA, FINGER, preDIVA, MAPT, HATICE) are (US-POINTER, MIND-CHINA, MYB, AgeWell.de, J-Mint). Among participants, across ranged 48% MAPT 87% line with original reports. Variability was wider 1% US-POINTER over 94% MYB trial. Over 70% recommended preventive intervention routine care based their similar lipid-lowering (71%) blood pressure-lowering treatment (73%). Ten-year risks were compared (12 vs. 11%). Conclusion: Multidomain fail preferentially include those at highest mostly qualify already basis guidelines. These findings call better targeted enrolment whom results can improve clinical decision-making.

Язык: Английский

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Factors associated with changes in psychological resilience of older adults with mild cognitive impairment during the COVID-19 pandemic

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2023

Introduction Psychological resilience is an indicator of mental health, but there has been no research to date on changes in psychological among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) during the stress coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic including factors related those changes. To fill gap, this study examined and MCI COVID-19 pandemic. Methods One hundred thirty participants completed 10-item version Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10) between December 2020 June 2021 as a baseline assessment February 2022 follow-up. Participants also answered questions sleep quality, depression symptoms, activities daily living (ADL), instrumental ADL social participation explore associated Results In cohort, mean CD-RISC-10 scores were significantly higher than at follow-up ( p < 0.05), indicating improvement resilience. multiple regression analyses, quality was correlated change score (coefficient = 3.94, 95% confidence interval 1.11 6.78). Discussion could improve even who risk developing dementia. The factor improved good quality.

Язык: Английский

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Alzheimer’s Disease Research in Japan: A Short History, Current Status and Future Perspectives toward Prevention

The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease, Год журнала: 2021, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 3

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

Язык: Английский

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