bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2022
Abstract
Combining
information
from
multiple
senses
is
essential
to
object
recognition.
Yet
how
the
mind
combines
sensory
input
into
coherent
multimodal
representations
–
binding
problem
remains
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
applied
multi-echo
fMRI
across
a
four-day
paradigm,
in
which
participants
learned
3-dimensional
created
well-characterized
visual
shape
and
sound
features.
Our
novel
paradigm
decoupled
their
baseline
unimodal
features,
thus
tracking
emergence
of
concepts
as
they
were
by
healthy
adults.
Critically,
representation
for
whole
was
different
combined
its
individual
parts,
with
evidence
an
integrative
code
anterior
temporal
lobe
structures.
Intriguingly,
perirhinal
cortex
structure
default
biased
towards
shape,
but
this
initial
bias
attenuated
learning.
Pattern
similarity
analyses
suggest
that
after
learning
orthogonalized
combinations
transforming
overlapping
feature
distinct
representations.
These
results
provide
coding
lobes
distributed
advancing
age-old
question
constructs
objects
component
Combining
information
from
multiple
senses
is
essential
to
object
recognition,
core
the
ability
learn
concepts,
make
new
inferences,
and
generalize
across
distinct
entities.
Yet
how
mind
combines
sensory
input
into
coherent
crossmodal
representations
-
binding
problem
remains
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
applied
multi-echo
fMRI
a
4-day
paradigm,
in
which
participants
learned
three-dimensional
created
well-characterized
unimodal
visual
shape
sound
features.
Our
novel
paradigm
decoupled
their
baseline
shapes
sounds,
thus
allowing
us
track
emergence
of
as
they
were
by
healthy
adults.
Critically,
found
that
two
anterior
temporal
lobe
structures
pole
perirhinal
cortex
differentiated
non-learned
objects,
even
when
controlling
for
features
composed
those
objects.
These
results
provide
evidence
integrated
lobes
different
Furthermore,
default
biased
toward
shape,
but
this
initial
bias
was
attenuated
learning.
Thus,
learning
transformed
such
no
longer
predominantly
grounded
modality,
may
be
mechanism
concepts
gain
abstraction.
Journal of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
42(33), С. 6445 - 6452
Опубликована: Июль 18, 2022
Mounting
evidence
suggests
distinct
functional
contributions
of
the
anterior
and
posterior
hippocampus
to
autobiographical
memory
retrieval,
but
how
these
subregions
function
under
different
retrieval
demands
as
memories
age
is
not
yet
understood.
Specifically,
a
homogeneous
process;
rather,
it
thought
consist
following
multiple
stages:
an
early
stage
construction
later
detailed
elaboration,
which
may
differently
engage
over
time.
In
present
study,
we
analyzed
data
from
40
participants
(23
female/17
male)
who
constructed
overtly
elaborated
on
recent
remote
in
response
picture
cues
fMRI
scanner.
We
previously
reported
temporal
gradient
during
elaboration
period
with
hippocampal
activation
observed
for
time
points.
Here,
consider
unanalyzed
where
searched
selected
memory.
found
no
construction,
instead
observing
strong
activity
regardless
remoteness.
Our
findings
suggest
unique
contribution
process
These
highlight
that
processes,
have
be
integrated
current
models
systems
consolidation,
offer
novel
insights
into
subregion
SIGNIFICANCE
STATEMENT
Hippocampal
depend
several
factors
including
engaged.
elaborative
diminishes
age,
reliable
report
consideration
earlier
"construction"
search
retrieve
general
aspects
memory,
yielded
significant
age.
results
provide
constructive
component
processes
should
consolidation.
In
vivo
intracranial
recordings
of
neural
activity
offer
a
unique
opportunity
to
understand
human
brain
function.
Intracranial
electrophysiological
(iEEG)
related
sensory,
cognitive
or
motor
events
manifests
mostly
in
two
types
signals:
event-related
local
field
potentials
lower
frequency
bands
(<30
Hz,
LF)
and
broadband
the
higher
end
spectrum
(>30
High
frequency,
HF).
While
most
current
studies
rely
exclusively
on
HF,
thought
be
more
focal
closely
spiking
activity,
relationship
between
HF
LF
signals
is
unclear,
especially
associative
cortex.
Here,
we
provide
large-scale
in-depth
investigation
spatial
functional
these
2
based
from
121
individual
brains
(8000
recording
sites).
We
measure
category-selective
responses
complex
ecologically
salient
visual
stimuli
–
faces
across
wide
cortical
territory
ventral
occipito-temporal
cortex
(VOTC),
with
frequency-tagging
method
providing
high
signal-to-noise
ratio
(SNR)
same
objective
quantification
signal
noise
for
ranges.
face-selective
has
SNR
VOTC,
leading
larger
number
significant
electrode
contacts
anterior
temporal
lobe,
display
highly
similar
spatial,
functional,
timing
properties.
Specifically,
contrary
widespread
assumption,
our
results
point
nearly
identical
distribution
extent
at
equal
SNR.
These
observations
go
long
way
towards
clarifying
main
iEEG
reestablish
informative
value
Translational Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2022
Abstract
Previous
work
identified
a
cognitive
subtype
of
PTSD
with
impaired
executive
function
(i.e.,
EF-PTSD
subtype)
and
aberrant
resting-state
functional
connectivity
between
frontal
parietal
control
(FPCN)
limbic
(LN)
networks.
To
better
characterize
this
PTSD,
study
investigated
(1)
alterations
in
specific
FPCN
LN
subnetworks
(2)
chronicity
symptoms.
In
post-9/11
veteran
sample
(
N
=
368,
89%
male),
we
EF
subgroups
using
standardized
neuropsychological
battery
priori
cutoffs
for
impaired,
average,
above-average
performance.
Functional
two
the
three
was
assessed
fMRI
n
314).
over
1–2-year
period
reliable
change
index
175).
The
had
significantly
reduced
negative
subnetwork
involved
top-down
emotion
learning/memory
social/emotional
processing.
This
relatively
chronic
while
those
displayed
greater
symptom
reduction.
Lastly,
FPCN-LN
partially
mediated
relationship
121).
reveals
that
an
has
pattern
connectivity,
novel
displays
chronicity,
(3)
both
neural
functioning
predict
chronicity.
results
indicate
need
to
investigate
how
individuals
respond
treatment,
they
might
benefit
from
personalized
approaches
target
these
neurocognitive
systems.
