Infant sleep state coded from respiration and its relationship to the developing functional connectome: a feasibility study

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 72, С. 101525 - 101525

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2025

Most infants are scanned during natural sleep to maximize successful data acquisition by minimizing head and body motion. However, our understanding of how different states affect the infant's functional connectome remains be determined. In this feasibility study, we develop a novel approach quantify active quiet fMRI using time-locked infant respiration in twenty within 47 weeks postmenstrual age. Sleep state (active versus sleep) was then coded established validated procedures from respiratory variability. Based on coding, investigated differences comparing sleep. Eleven had sufficient quality identify states. There were no significant Still, large effect sizes existed, suggesting that effects may important some studies. These findings demonstrate practicality acquiring scanning facilitate coding further understand its relationship neurodevelopment infants. Given relative ease collecting setup, conservatively recommend wider adoption approach.

Язык: Английский

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A Light in the Darkness: Early Phases of Development and the Emergence of Cognition

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 72, С. 101527 - 101527

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

During the prenatal period, major brain development milestones are posed and calibrated through different mechanisms, among which endogenous activity, that prepares "system" to face external environment. However, specific nature of human nervous system, intended for plasticity is varied by area prolonged over time, requires much time environmental experiences shape cerebral circuitries. Therefore, neonate completely depends on caregiver, during first months postnatal life, it exhibits a transitory limited repertoire behaviors skills favors mother in her new role. This condition will gradually give way more mature competencies, within 2 years age. review takes perspective early attempts trace remarkable changes from in-utero period second year posing bridge between neurobiological substrate behavioral development. We based our work "normal" development, pointing out risks inherent any process.

Язык: Английский

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Emergence of a synergistic scaffold in the brains of human infants

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Май 13, 2025

The human brain is a complex organ comprising billions of interconnected neurons, which enables interaction with both physical and social environments. Neural dynamics the whole go far beyond just sum its individual elements; property known as "synergy". Previously it has been shown that synergy crucial for many functions cognition, however, remains unknown how when large number discrete neurons evolve into unified system able to support synergistic interactions. Here we analyzed high-density electroencephalography data from late fetal period one month after term age. We found transitions redundancy-dominated synergy-dominated around birth. Frontal regions lead emergence scaffold comprised overlapping subsystems, while integration sensory areas developed gradually, occipital central regions. Strikingly, early developmental trajectories were modulated by environmental enrichment associated enhanced mother-infant interactions, level near equivalent age was later neurocognitive development.

Язык: Английский

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Adaptive rewiring: a general principle for neural network development

Frontiers in Network Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2024

The nervous system, especially the human brain, is characterized by its highly complex network topology. neurodevelopment of some features has been described in terms dynamic optimization rules. We discuss principle adaptive rewiring, i.e., reorganization a according to intensity internal signal communication as measured synchronization or diffusion, and recent generalization for applications directed networks. These have extended rewiring from oversimplified networks more neurally plausible ones. Adaptive captures all key brain topology: it transforms initially random regular into with modular small-world structure rich-club core. This effect specific sense that can be tailored computational needs, robust does not depend on critical regime, flexible parametric variation generates range variant configurations. Extreme associated at macroscopic level disorders such schizophrenia, autism, dyslexia, suggest relationship between dyslexia creativity. cooperates growth interacts constructively spatial organization principles formation topographically distinct modules structures ganglia chains. At mesoscopic level, enables development functional architectures, convergent-divergent units, sheds light early divergence convergence in, example, visual system. Finally, we future prospects rewiring.

Язык: Английский

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Vascular Development of Fetal and Postnatal Neocortex of the Pig, the European Wild Boar Sus scrofa

The Journal of Comparative Neurology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 532(12)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

The development of the brain's vascular system is a predominantly prenatal process in mammalian species and required for neurogenesis further brain development. Our recent work on fetal pig has revealed that many neurodevelopmental processes start well before birth proceed rapidly reaching near-mature status already around birth. Here, we analyzed neocortical vasculature from embryonic day (E) 45 onward (gestation lasts 114 days) using qualitative quantitative image analyses protein blots. In all cortical layers, vessel volume total at E100 resembled postnatal (P) 30 piglet. Endothelial cells expressed tight junction claudin-5 E45 onward. GFAP+ AQP4+ astrocytes, PDGFRβ+ pericytes, α-SMA+ smooth muscle are detectable near vessels E60 suggesting an early assembly blood-brain barrier components. visual cortex advanced with almost mature pattern E100. Findings were confirmed by blots showed steady increase expression angiogenesis-related proteins (claudin-5, occludin, VE-cadherin, PECAM-1/CD31) E65 until P90. profile was similar somatosensory cortex. Together, report rapid maturation

Язык: Английский

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Revisiting the functional monitoring of brain development in premature neonates. A new direction in clinical care and research

Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 101556 - 101556

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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