Extracellular vesicles: translational research and applications in neurology
Nature Reviews Neurology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2025
Язык: Английский
Neuron-to-glia and glia-to-glia signaling directs critical period experience-dependent synapse pruning
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025
Experience-dependent
glial
synapse
pruning
plays
a
pivotal
role
in
sculpting
brain
circuit
connectivity
during
early-life
critical
periods
of
development.
Recent
advances
suggest
layered
cascade
intercellular
communication
between
neurons
and
phagocytes
orchestrates
this
precise,
targeted
elimination.
We
focus
here
on
studies
from
the
powerful
Drosophila
forward
genetic
model,
with
reference
to
complementary
findings
mouse
work.
present
both
neuron-to-glia
glia-to-glia
signaling
pathways
directing
experience-dependent
pruning.
discuss
putative
hierarchy
secreted
long-distance
cues
cell
surface
short-distance
that
act
sequentially
orchestrate
glia
activation,
infiltration,
target
recognition,
engulfment,
then
phagocytosis
for
Ligand-receptor
partners
mediating
these
stages
different
contexts
are
discussed
recent
studies.
Signaling
include
phospholipids,
small
neurotransmitters,
insulin-like
peptides,
proteins.
Conserved
receptors
ligands
discussed,
together
mechanisms
where
receptor
identity
remains
unknown.
Potential
proposed
tight
temporal-restriction
heightened
elimination
periods,
as
well
potential
means
re-open
such
plasticity
at
maturity.
Язык: Английский
Stem-Cell Derived Exosomal microRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutics for Pediatric Cardiovascular Disease
Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
27(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2025
In
recent
years,
several
pre-clinical
studies
have
demonstrated
the
therapeutic
potential
of
stem
cell-derived
exosomes
in
treatment
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD).
Here,
we
evaluate
their
as
biomarkers
for
detection
and
monitoring
CVD,
with
a
particular
focus
on
pediatric
heart
disease.
Exosomes
isolated
from
cell
sources,
including
mesenchymal
cells
(MSCs)
pluripotent
(PSCs),
benefit
function,
inflammatory
responses,
angiogenesis
injured
diseased
hearts.
These
carry
variety
cargo,
such
proteins,
lipids,
nucleic
acids.
However,
majority
contain
non-coding
RNA
molecules.
Review
existing
literature
RNAs
relationship
to
CVD
suggests
that
containing
microRNAs
(miRNAs)
can
serve
promising
due
presence
circulation,
ease
isolation,
potential.
are
especially
screening
diagnostic
tools
early
congenital
Язык: Английский
Regulation of synaptic mitochondria by extracellular vesicles and its implications for neuronal metabolism and synaptic plasticity
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 14, 2025
Mitochondrial
metabolism
in
neurons
is
necessary
for
energetically
costly
processes
like
synaptic
transmission
and
plasticity.
As
post-mitotic
cells,
are
therefore
faced
with
the
challenge
of
maintaining
healthy
functioning
mitochondria
throughout
lifetime.
The
precise
mechanisms
mitochondrial
maintenance
neurons,
particularly
morphologically
complex
dendrites
axons,
not
fully
understood.
Evidence
from
several
biological
systems
suggests
regulation
cellular
by
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
secretory
lipid-enclosed
that
have
emerged
as
important
mediators
cell
communication.
In
nervous
system,
neuronal
glial
EVs
were
shown
to
regulate
circuit
development
function,
at
least
part
via
transfer
protein
RNA
cargo.
Interestingly,
been
implicated
diseases
characterized
altered
metabolism,
such
cancer
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Furthermore,
system
contain
proteins
related
metabolic
processes,
even
intact
mitochondria.
Here,
we
present
current
knowledge
underlying
maintenance,
highlight
recent
evidence
suggesting
EVs.
We
further
discuss
potential
implications
EV-mediated
function
Язык: Английский
Astrocytes and Tinnitus
Brain Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(12), С. 1213 - 1213
Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024
Tinnitus
is
correlated
with
anomalies
of
neural
plasticity
and
has
been
found
to
be
affected
by
inflammatory
status.
The
current
theories
on
tinnitus,
although
still
somewhat
incomplete,
are
based
maladaptive
mechanisms.
Astrocytes
play
a
major
role
in
both
responses
inflammation
regulation;
moreover,
they
have
recently
discovered
encode
“context”
for
neuronal
circuits,
which
similar
the
“expectation”
Bayesian
brain
models.
Therefore,
this
narrative
review
explores
possible
likely
roles
astrocytes
mechanisms
leading
acute
chronic
tinnitus.
Язык: Английский