Cancers,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(11), С. 1752 - 1752
Опубликована: Май 23, 2025
Background/Objectives:
Connectomics
is
an
evolving
branch
of
neuroscience
that
determines
structural
and
functional
connectivity
in
the
brain.
The
objective
this
prospective
imaging
study
to
evaluate
effect
whole
brain
radiotherapy
(WBRT)
on
connectome.
Methods:
A
combination
diffusion
tensor
(DTI)
magnetic
resonance
(fMRI)
was
used
brain,
a
machine
learning
algorithm
trained
analyze
subject-specific
data
applied
create
individualized
maps
with
15
neuronal
networks
for
each
patient.
These
were
compared
normal
brains
from
human
connectome
project,
producing
anomaly
matrix.
Connectome
analysis
multi-dimensional
neurocognitive
testing
web-based
platform
performed
at
baseline
3
months
post-WBRT.
change
frequency
co-related
outcomes.
Results:
At
baseline,
revealed
multiple
demand
network
had
most
anomalies
(46%).
Pre-
post-WBRT
comparison
increases
proportional
across
networks.
Pearson
correlation
showed
between
domain
decline
changes:
memory
subcortical
[Verbal
recall
(Pearson
coefficient
−0.94;
p
<
0.01),
verbal
revision
−0.89;
=
recognition
0.01)].
Conclusions:
This
proof-of-concept
integrated
DTI
fMRI
form
significant
changes
connectivity,
WBRT
also
correlated
Further
studies
larger
cohort
are
underway,
correlations
white
matter
tumor
locations/numbers
will
be
performed.
International Journal of Neural Systems,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(09)
Опубликована: Май 10, 2024
Parkinsonism
is
presented
as
a
motor
syndrome
characterized
by
rigidity,
tremors,
and
bradykinesia,
with
Parkinson's
disease
(PD)
being
the
predominant
cause.
The
discovery
that
those
symptoms
result
from
death
of
dopaminergic
cells
in
substantia
nigra
led
to
focus
most
parkinsonism
research
on
basal
ganglia
(BG).
However,
recent
findings
point
an
active
involvement
cerebellum
this
syndrome.
Here,
we
have
developed
multiscale
computational
model
rodent
brain's
BG-cerebellar
network.
Simulations
showed
direct
effect
dopamine
depletion
must
be
taken
into
account
reproduce
alterations
neural
activity
parkinsonism,
particularly
increased
beta
oscillations
widely
reported
PD
patients.
Moreover,
indirectly
impacted
spike-time-dependent
plasticity
at
parallel
fiber-Purkinje
cell
synapses,
degrading
associative
learning
observed
parkinsonism.
Overall,
these
results
suggest
relevant
symptoms.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
Balanced
activity
of
canonical
direct
D1
and
indirect
D2
basal
ganglia
pathways
is
considered
a
core
requirement
for
normal
movement,
their
imbalance
an
etiologic
factor
in
movement
neuropsychiatric
disorders.
We
present
evidence
conceptually
equivalent
pair
direct-D1
indirect-D2
that
arise
from
striatal
projection
neurons
(SPNs)
the
striosome
compartment
rather
than
SPNs
matrix,
as
do
pathways.
These
S-D1
S-D2
striosomal
target
substantia
nigra
dopamine-containing
instead
motor
output
nuclei.
They
modulate
oppositely
to
modulation
by
pathways:
inhibitory
excitatory.
The
circuits
likely
influence
motivation
learning
action,
complementing
reorienting
pathway
modulation.
A
major
conceptual
reformulation
classic
direct-indirect
model
function
needed,
well
reconsideration
effects
D2-targeting
therapeutic
drugs.
Medical Records,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
7(1), С. 245 - 250
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025
Aim:
This
study
evaluates
structural
changes
in
the
normalized
volume
ratios
of
motor
and
sensory
cortices
Parkinson’s
patients
compares
these
with
healthy
individuals
to
assess
disease's
impact
on
brain
structure.
Material
Method:
The
included
55
(14
females,
41
males)
28
control
subjects
(7
21
males).
volumes
precentral
gyrus,
paracentral
lobulus,
postcentral
gyrus
were
calculated
using
BrainSuite
automated
segmentation
software.
Regional
gray
matter
by
dividing
them
intracranial
volume,
values
used
for
comparisons.
Volumetric
analyses
conducted
lobulus
their
morphological
associated
Parkinson's
disease.
Results:
In
left
hemisphere,
found
be
lower
(0.82%±0.09)
compared
group
(0.88%±0.09)
(p
IGI Global eBooks,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 40
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025
The
complicated
neurological
disorder
known
as
autism
spectrum
(ASD)
is
typified
by
limited
interests
and
repetitive
behaviors
in
addition
to
difficulties
with
social
communication.
Subtle
morphological
functional
changes,
even
the
absence
of
overt
brain
pathology,
have
been
observed
several
investigations
using
post-mortem
analysis
neuroimaging
techniques.
While
genetic
research
was
previously
thought
be
useful
defining
subtypes,
it
has
primarily
produced
results
that
are
relevant
a
variety
populations
not
exclusively
autistic.
Accurate
clinical
assessment
management,
which
usually
start
developmental
screening
referral
for
comprehensive
diagnosis,
including
comorbid
conditions,
depend
on
an
understanding
attention
factors
affecting
prevalence
rates,
modifications
diagnostic
criteria.ic
criteria.
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 101540 - 101540
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Down
syndrome
(DS)
is
the
most
common
genetic
cause
of
intellectual
disability,
but
our
understanding
white
matter
microstructure
in
children
with
DS
remains
limited.
Previous
studies
have
reported
reductions
integrity,
nearly
all
to
date
been
conducted
adults
or
relied
solely
on
diffusion
tensor
imaging
(DTI),
which
lacks
ability
disentangle
underlying
properties
organization.
This
study
examined
microstructural
differences
7-
12-year-old
(n
=
23),
autism
27),
and
typical
development
50)
using
DTI
as
well
High
Angular
Resolution
Diffusion
Imaging,
Neurite
Orientation
Dispersion
Imaging.
There
was
a
spatially
specific
pattern
results
that
showed
dissociation
between
intra-
inter-hemispheric
pathways.
Intra-hemispheric
pathways
(e.g.,
inferior
fronto-occipital
fasciculus,
superior
longitudinal
fasciculus)
exhibited
reduced
organization
structural
integrity.
Inter-hemispheric
corpus
callosum
projections)
motor
corticospinal
tract)
denser
neurite
packing
lower
dispersion.
The
current
findings
provide
early
insight
into
school-aged
potential
further
elucidate
inform
more
targeted
clinical
trials
than
what
has
previously
observed
through
models
alone.
