Adaptogens in Long-Lasting Brain Fatigue: An Insight from Systems Biology and Network Pharmacology
Pharmaceuticals,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18(2), С. 261 - 261
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2025
Long-lasting
brain
fatigue
is
a
consequence
of
stroke
or
traumatic
injury
associated
with
emotional,
psychological,
and
physical
overload,
distress
in
hypertension,
atherosclerosis,
viral
infection,
aging-related
chronic
low-grade
inflammatory
disorders.
The
pathogenesis
linked
to
disrupted
neurotransmission,
the
glutamate-glutamine
cycle
imbalance,
glucose
metabolism,
ATP
energy
supply,
which
are
multiple
molecular
targets
signaling
pathways
neuroendocrine-immune
blood
circulation
systems.
Regeneration
damaged
tissue
long-lasting
multistage
process,
including
spontaneously
regulating
hypothalamus-pituitary
(HPA)
axis-controlled
anabolic-catabolic
homeostasis
recover
harmonized
sympathoadrenal
system
(SAS)-mediated
function,
deregulated
gene
expression
rehabilitation.
driving
mechanism
spontaneous
recovery
regeneration
cross-talk
mediators
neuronal,
microglia,
immunocompetent,
endothelial
cells
collectively
involved
neurogenesis
angiogenesis,
plant
adaptogens
can
target.
Adaptogens
small
molecules
origin
that
increase
adaptability
organisms
stress
by
interaction
HPA
axis
SAS
(neuroendocrine-immune
cardiovascular
complex),
targeting
adaptive
GPCR
pathways.
Two
major
groups
comprise
(i)
phenolic
phenethyl
phenylpropanoid
derivatives
(ii)
tetracyclic
pentacyclic
glycosides,
whose
chemical
structure
be
distinguished
as
related
correspondingly
monoamine
neurotransmitters
(epinephrine,
norepinephrine,
dopamine)
steroid
hormones
(cortisol,
testosterone,
estradiol).
In
this
narrative
review,
we
discuss
multitarget
integrated
pharmacological
activity
botanical
ischemic
stroke,
fatigue;
time-dependent
dual
response
physiological
regulatory
systems
support
overload;
(iii)
dose-dependent
reversal
(hormetic)
effect
adaptogens.
This
review
shows
adaptogenic
concept
cannot
reduced
rectified
various
effects
on
selected
specific
modes
action
without
estimating
their
interactions
within
networks
complex
that,
turn,
regulates
other
(cardiovascular,
gastrointestinal,
reproductive
systems)
due
numerous
intra-
extracellular
communications
feedback
regulations.
These
result
polyvalent
pleiotropic
adaptogens,
essential
for
characterizing
distinct
types
botanicals.
They
trigger
defense
leads
extension
limits
resilience
inducing
mental
For
first
time,
justifies
potential
particularly
hybrid
preparation
(BHP)
Arctic
Root
Ashwagandha,
providing
rationale
use
individuals
experiencing
fatigue.
provided
insight
into
future
research
network
pharmacology
preventing
rehabilitating
following
trauma,
infections.
Язык: Английский
Signaling by latrophilin adhesion-GPCRs in synapse assembly
Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Synaptic Gα12/13 signaling establishes hippocampal PV inhibitory circuits
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
121(52)
Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2024
Combinatorial
networks
of
cell
adhesion
molecules
and
surface
receptors
drive
fundamental
aspects
neural
circuit
establishment
function.
However,
the
intracellular
signals
orchestrated
by
these
complexes
remain
less
understood.
Here,
we
report
that
Gα12/13
pathway
lies
downstream
several
GPCRs
with
critical
synaptic
functions.
Impairment
in
postnatal
hippocampal
neurons
diminishes
inhibitory
inputs
without
altering
neuronal
morphology
or
excitatory
transmission.
signaling
CA1
vivo
selectively
regulates
PV
interneuron
connectivity,
supporting
an
synapse
subtype-specific
function
this
pathway.
Our
studies
establish
as
a
node
shapes
circuitry.
Язык: Английский