2022 roadmap on neuromorphic computing and engineering

Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2(2), С. 022501 - 022501

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2022

Abstract Modern computation based on von Neumann architecture is now a mature cutting-edge science. In the architecture, processing and memory units are implemented as separate blocks interchanging data intensively continuously. This transfer responsible for large part of power consumption. The next generation computer technology expected to solve problems at exascale with 10 18 calculations each second. Even though these future computers will be incredibly powerful, if they type architectures, consume between 20 30 megawatts not have intrinsic physically built-in capabilities learn or deal complex our brain does. These needs can addressed by neuromorphic computing systems which inspired biological concepts human brain. new has potential used storage amounts digital information much lower consumption than conventional processors. Among their applications, an important niche moving control from centers edge devices. aim this roadmap present snapshot state provide opinion challenges opportunities that holds in major areas technology, namely materials, devices, circuits, algorithms, ethics. collection perspectives where leading researchers community own view about current research area. We hope useful resource providing concise yet comprehensive introduction readers outside field, those who just entering well established community.

Язык: Английский

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Accurate Estimation of Neural Population Dynamics without Spike Sorting

Neuron, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 103(2), С. 292 - 308.e4

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2019

Язык: Английский

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The OpenNeuro resource for sharing of neuroscience data

eLife, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2021

The sharing of research data is essential to ensure reproducibility and maximize the impact public investments in scientific research. Here, we describe OpenNeuro, a BRAIN Initiative archive that provides ability openly share from broad range brain imaging types following FAIR principles for sharing. We highlight importance Brain Imaging Data Structure standard enabling effective curation, sharing, reuse data. presently shares more than 600 datasets including 20,000 participants, comprising multiple species measurement modalities phenotypes. shared evident growing number published reuses, currently totalling 150 publications. conclude by describing plans future development integration with other ongoing open science efforts.

Язык: Английский

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Review of bio-optical imaging systems with a high space-bandwidth product

Advanced Photonics, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 3(04)

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2021

Optical imaging has served as a primary method to collect information about biosystems across scales-from functionalities of tissues morphological structures cells and even at biomolecular levels. However, adequately characterize complex biosystem, an system with number resolvable points, referred space-bandwidth product (SBP), in excess one billion is typically needed. Since gigapixel-scale far exceeds the capacity current optical imagers, compromises must be made obtain either low spatial resolution or narrow field-of-view (FOV). The problem originates from constituent refractive optics-the larger aperture, more challenging correction lens aberrations. Therefore, it impractical for conventional achieve SBP over hundreds millions. To address this unmet need, variety high-SBP imagers have emerged past decade, enabling unprecedented FOV beyond limit optics. We provide comprehensive survey techniques, exploring their underlying principles applications bioimaging.

Язык: Английский

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BRAIN 2.0: Transforming neuroscience

Cell, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 185(1), С. 4 - 8

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Removing the Reliability Bottleneck in Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research to Achieve Clinical Utility

JAMA Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 78(6), С. 587 - 587

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2021

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications Network Open Cardiology Dermatology Health Forum Internal Medicine Neurology Oncology Ophthalmology Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Pediatrics Archives of (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions LibrariansReprints Permissions Terms Use Privacy Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search Archive Input Term Sign In Individual inCreate an Account Access through institution Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent Subscribe the journal

Язык: Английский

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Chemical sensor systems based on 2D and thin film materials

2D Materials, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 7(2), С. 022002 - 022002

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2020

This review examines the advantages of two-dimensional (2D) and thin film materials in development chemical sensor systems. More specifically, this paper focuses on use graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), metal-oxide semiconductors (MOX) gas- liquid-phase sensing applications. Key features terms material properties, device characteristics, as well scalability for system are examined. challenges associated with various approaches (e.g. optical, electrochemical, FET/chemiresistive) presented along recent advances. Lastly, common methods preprocessing pattern recognition summarized while highlighting olfaction-inspired systems to motivate machine learning data analysis.

Язык: Английский

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The NIH BRAIN Initiative: Advancing neurotechnologies, integrating disciplines

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 16(11), С. e3000066 - e3000066

Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2018

In 2014, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) began funding an ambitious research program, Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative, with singular focus advancing our understanding brain circuits though development and application breakthrough neurotechnologies. As we approach halfway mark this 10-year effort aimed at revolutionizing information processing in human brain, it is timely to review progress future trajectory BRAIN Initiative research.

Язык: Английский

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Device-Based Modulation of Neurocircuits as a Therapeutic for Psychiatric Disorders

The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 60(1), С. 591 - 614

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2020

Device-based neuromodulation of brain circuits is emerging as a promising new approach in the study and treatment psychiatric disorders. This work presents recent advances development tools for identifying neurocircuits therapeutic targets modulating neurocircuits. We review clinical evidence efficacy circuit modulation with range stimulation approaches, including subthreshold, subconvulsive, convulsive, neurosurgical techniques. further discuss strategies enhancing precision neuromodulatory Finally, we survey cutting-edge research using novel paradigms next-generation devices.

Язык: Английский

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The rise to dominance of genetic model organisms and the decline of curiosity-driven organismal research

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 15(12), С. e0243088 - e0243088

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2020

Curiosity-driven, basic biological research “…performed without thought of practical ends…” establishes fundamental conceptual frameworks for future technological and medical breakthroughs. Traditionally, curiosity-driven in sciences has utilized experimental organisms chosen their tractability suitability studying the question interest. This approach leverages diversity life to uncover working solutions (adaptations) problems encountered by living things, evolutionary context as extent which these may be generalized other species. Despite well-documented success this approach, funding portfolios United States granting agencies are increasingly filled with studies on a few species cutting-edge molecular tools available (genetic model organisms). While narrow focus justified biomedically-focused bodies such National Institutes Health, it is critical that robust federal support using diverse maintained Science Foundation. Using disciplines neurobiology behavioral an example, study finds NSF grant awards have declined association decrease proportion grants funded experimental, rather than genetic organism research. The decline use literature mirrors but predates shift funding. Today’s dominance was thus initiated researchers themselves and/or publication peer review editorial preferences, further reinforced pressure from agencies, academic employers, scientific community.

Язык: Английский

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