Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
76(15), С. 2885 - 2898
Опубликована: Май 16, 2019
The
mixed
lineage
leukemia
(MLL)
family
of
proteins
became
known
initially
for
the
link
its
founding
member.
Over
decades,
MLL
has
been
recognized
as
an
important
class
histone
H3
lysine
4
(H3K4)
methyltransferases
that
control
key
aspects
normal
cell
physiology
and
development.
Here,
we
provide
a
brief
history
discovery
study
this
proteins.
We
address
two
main
questions:
why
are
there
so
many
H3K4
in
mammals;
is
methylation
their
function?
Genes & Development,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
33(15-16), С. 936 - 959
Опубликована: Май 23, 2019
Changes
in
chromatin
structure
mediated
by
ATP-dependent
nucleosome
remodelers
and
histone
modifying
enzymes
are
integral
to
the
process
of
gene
regulation.
Here,
we
review
roles
SWI/SNF
(switch/sucrose
nonfermenting)
NuRD
(nucleosome
remodeling
deacetylase)
Polycomb
system
regulation
cancer.
First,
discuss
basic
molecular
mechanism
remodeling,
how
this
controls
transcription.
Next,
provide
an
overview
functional
organization
biochemical
activities
SWI/SNF,
NuRD,
complexes.
We
describe
how,
metazoans,
balance
these
is
central
proper
expression
cellular
identity
during
development.
Whereas
counteracts
Polycomb,
facilitates
repression
on
chromatin.
Finally,
disruptions
regulatory
equilibrium
contribute
oncogenesis,
new
insights
into
biological
functions
Polycombs
opening
avenues
for
therapeutic
interventions
a
broad
range
cancer
types.
ABSTRACT
Hox
genes
encode
evolutionarily
conserved
transcription
factors
that
are
essential
for
the
proper
development
of
bilaterian
organisms.
unique
because
they
spatially
and
temporally
regulated
during
in
a
manner
is
dictated
by
their
tightly
linked
genomic
organization.
Although
genetic
function
embryonic
has
been
interrogated,
less
known
about
how
these
regulate
downstream
to
direct
morphogenetic
events.
Moreover,
continued
expression
at
postnatal
adult
stages
highlights
crucial
roles
throughout
life
an
organism.
Here,
we
provide
overview
genes,
highlighting
evolutionary
history,
organization
this
impacts
regulation
expression,
what
protein
structure,
deployment
beyond.
Annual Review of Biochemistry,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
89(1), С. 235 - 253
Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2020
Predicting
regulatory
potential
from
primary
DNA
sequences
or
transcription
factor
binding
patterns
is
not
possible.
However,
the
annotation
of
genome
by
chromatin
proteins,
histone
modifications,
and
differential
compaction
largely
sufficient
to
reveal
locations
genes
their
activity
states.
The
Polycomb
Group
(PcG)
Trithorax
(TrxG)
proteins
are
central
players
in
this
cell
type-specific
organization.
PcG
function
was
originally
viewed
as
being
solely
repressive
irreversible,
observed
at
homeotic
loci
flies
mammals.
it
now
clear
that
modular
reversible
essential
most
developmental
genes.
Focusing
mainly
on
recent
advances,
we
review
evidence
for
how
TrxG
change
dynamically
during
type
transitions.
ability
implement
transcriptional
programming
with
exquisite
fidelity
normal
development.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
11(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 5, 2020
Polycomb
Group
(PcG)
proteins
organize
chromatin
at
multiple
scales
to
regulate
gene
expression.
A
conserved
Sterile
Alpha
Motif
(SAM)
in
the
Repressive
Complex
1
(PRC1)
subunit
Polyhomeotic
(Ph)
has
been
shown
play
an
important
role
compaction
and
large-scale
organization.
Ph
SAM
forms
helical
head
tail
polymers,
SAM-SAM
interactions
between
chromatin-bound
Ph/PRC1
are
believed
compact
mediate
long-range
interactions.
To
understand
underlying
mechanism,
here
we
analyze
effects
of
on
vitro.
We
find
that
incubation
or
DNA
with
a
truncated
protein
containing
results
formation
concentrated,
phase-separated
condensates.
SAM-dependent
condensates
can
recruit
PRC1
from
extracts
enhance
ubiquitin
ligase
activity
towards
histone
H2A.
show
overexpression
intact
increases
ubiquitylated
H2A
cells.
Thus,
SAM-induced
phase
separation,
context
Ph,
into
biochemical
compartments
facilitate
modification.
Abstract
To
regenerate,
damaged
tissue
must
heal
the
wound,
regrow
to
proper
size,
replace
correct
cell
types,
and
return
normal
gene-expression
program.
However,
mechanisms
that
temporally
spatially
control
activation
or
repression
of
important
genes
during
regeneration
are
not
fully
understood.
determine
role
chromatin
modifiers
play
in
regulating
gene
expression
after
damage,
we
induced
ablation
Drosophila
melanogaster
imaginal
wing
discs,
screened
for
regulators
required
epithelial
regeneration.
Here,
show
many
these
indeed
promoting
constraining
Specifically,
two
SWI/SNF
chromatin-remodeling
complexes
distinct
roles
different
aspects
The
PBAP
complex
regulates
regenerative
growth
developmental
timing,
is
JNK
signaling
targets
promoter
Myc.
By
contrast,
BAP
ensures
patterning
fate
by
stabilizing
posterior
engrailed.
Thus,
both
essential
regeneration,
but
they
fate.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2022
Inflammation
is
a
defensive
reaction
for
external
stimuli
to
the
human
body
and
generally
accompanied
by
immune
responses,
which
associated
with
multiple
diseases
such
as
atherosclerosis,
type
2
diabetes,
Alzheimer’s
disease,
psoriasis,
asthma,
chronic
lung
diseases,
inflammatory
bowel
virus-associated
diseases.
Epigenetic
mechanisms
have
been
demonstrated
play
key
role
in
regulation
of
inflammation.
Common
epigenetic
regulations
are
DNA
methylation,
histone
modifications,
non-coding
RNA
expression;
among
these,
modifications
embrace
various
post-modifications
including
acetylation,
phosphorylation,
ubiquitination,
ADP
ribosylation.
This
review
focuses
on
significant
progression
providing
potential
target
clinical
therapy
inflammation-associated
