Starvation Responses Throughout theCaenorhabditis elegansLife Cycle

Genetics, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 216(4), С. 837 - 878

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2020

Abstract Caenorhabditis elegans survives on ephemeral food sources in the wild, and species has a variety of adaptive responses to starvation. These features its life history make worm powerful model for studying developmental, behavioral, metabolic starvation responses. Starvation resistance is fundamental it relevant aging common diseases such as cancer diabetes. Worms respond acute at different times cycle by arresting development altering gene expression metabolism. They also anticipate during early larval development, engaging an alternative developmental program resulting dauer diapause. By these postpone growth reproduction until feeding resumes. A set signaling pathways mediates systemic regulation each context but with important distinctions. Several aspects behavior, including feeding, foraging, taxis, egg laying, sleep, associative learning, are affected conserved signaling, regulatory, mechanisms support adaptation Early can have persistent effects adults their descendants. With short generation time, C. ideal maternal provisioning, transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, origins adult health disease humans. This review provides comprehensive overview throughout cycle.

Язык: Английский

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Articulating the “stem cell niche” paradigm through the lens of non-model aquatic invertebrates

BMC Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2022

Stem cells (SCs) in vertebrates typically reside "stem cell niches" (SCNs), morphologically restricted tissue microenvironments that are important for SC survival and proliferation. SCNs broadly defined by properties including physical location, but contrast to other "model" organisms, aquatic invertebrate SCs do not have clearly documented niche outlines or properties. Life strategies such as regeneration asexual reproduction may conditioned the architectural variability marine animal groups. By both establishing invertebrates independent types, yet allowing inclusiveness among them, comparative analysis will allow future functional characterization of SCNs.

Язык: Английский

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Reproductive Aging in Caenorhabditis elegans: From Molecules to Ecology

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2021

Aging animals display a broad range of progressive degenerative changes, and one the most fascinating is decline female reproductive function. In model organism Caenorhabditis elegans , hermaphrodites reach peak progeny production on day 2 adulthood then rapid decline; typically ends by 8 adulthood. Since survive until 15 adulthood, there substantial post lifespan. Here we review molecular cellular changes that occur during aging, including reductions in stem cell number activity, slowing meiotic progression, diminished Notch signaling, deterioration germ line oocyte morphology. Several interventions have been identified delay mutations, drugs environmental factors such as temperature. The detailed description aging coupled with this process made C. leading system to understand mechanisms drive aging. While has dramatic consequences for individual fertility, it also ecology population. Population dynamics are driven birth death, important factor influences rate. A variety theories advanced explain why occurs how sculpted evolution. summarize these discuss utility testing mechanistic evolutionary models

Язык: Английский

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GLP-1 Notch—LAG-1 CSL control of the germline stem cell fate is mediated by transcriptional targets lst-1 and sygl-1

PLoS Genetics, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 16(3), С. e1008650 - e1008650

Опубликована: Март 20, 2020

Stem cell systems are essential for the development and maintenance of polarized tissues. Intercellular signaling pathways control stem systems, where niche cells signal to maintain fate/self-renewal inhibit differentiation. In C. elegans germline, GLP-1 Notch specifies fate, employing sequence-specific DNA binding protein LAG-1 implement transcriptional response. We undertook a comprehensive genome-wide approach identify targets signaling. expected primary response target genes be evident at intersection identified as directly bound by LAG-1, from ChIP-seq experiments, with requiring RNA accumulation, RNA-seq analysis. Furthermore, we performed time-course transcriptomics analysis following auxin inducible degradation distinguish between whose level was or secondary Surprisingly, only lst-1 sygl-1, two known in fulfilled these criteria, indicating that may sole germline protein-coding mediating fate. addition, three were based on their timing loss lack peak glp-1 dependent mRNA accumulation could explained requirement sygl-1 activity. Moreover, our also suggests function can account FBF-2, which promotes fate and, part, spatial restriction elevated region.

Язык: Английский

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Dynamic regulation of ribosome levels and translation during development

Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 136, С. 27 - 37

Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Chronic exposure to warm temperature causes low sperm abundance and quality in Drosophila melanogaster

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2023

Abstract Temperature influences male fertility across organisms; however, how suboptimal temperatures affect adult spermatogenesis remains understudied. In a recent study on Drosophila melanogaster oogenesis, we observed drastic reduction in the of males exposed to warm temperature (29 °C). Here, show that become infertile at 29 °C because low sperm abundance and quality. The does not stem from reduced germline cell or spermatid numbers, as those numbers remain comparable between control 25 °C. Notably, cold 18 had similarly increased frequencies elongation individualization defects which, considering high measured °C, indicate has tolerance for defects. Interestingly, decreases abruptly with no evidence apoptosis they transition into seminal vesicle near end spermatogenesis, pointing elimination through an unknown mechanism. Finally, fertilize eggs less efficiently do support embryos past first stage embryogenesis, indicating poor quality is additional cause infertility

Язык: Английский

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Hormonal Regulation of Diapause and Development in Nematodes, Insects, and Fishes

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2021

Diapause is a state of developmental arrest adopted in response to or anticipation environmental conditions that are unfavorable for growth. In many cases, diapause facultative, such animals may undergo either non-diapause trajectory, depending on cues. characterized by enhanced stress resistance, reduced metabolism, and increased longevity. The ability postpone reproduction until suitable found important the survival animals, both vertebrate invertebrate species can diapause. decision enter occurs at level whole animal, thus hormonal signaling pathways common regulators decision. Unlike other types arrest, programmed, trajectory includes pre-diapause preparatory phase, itself, recovery from diapause, post-diapause development. Therefore, profoundly affected Here, I review two conserved pathways, insulin/IGF (IIS) nuclear hormone receptor (NHR), their role regulating across three animal phyla. Specifically, reviewed Austrofundulus limnaeus Nothobranchius furzeri annual killifishes, Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes, insect including Drosophila melanogaster , Culex pipiens Bombyx mori . addition, changes occur as result discussed, with focus how IIS NHR interact core C. larvae

Язык: Английский

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A male pheromone that improves the quality of the oogenic germline

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 119(21)

Опубликована: Май 16, 2022

Pheromones exchanged by conspecifics are a major class of chemical signals that can alter behavior, physiology, and development. In particular, males females communicate with potential mating partners via sex pheromones to promote reproductive success. Physiological developmental mechanisms which facilitate progeny production remain largely enigmatic. Here, we describe how Caenorhabditis elegans male pheromone, ascr#10, improves the oogenic germline. Before most signs aging become evident, C. hermaphrodites start producing lower-quality gametes characterized abnormal morphology, increased rates chromosomal nondisjunction, higher penetrance deleterious alleles. We show exposure pheromone substantially ameliorates these defects reduces embryonic lethality. ascr#10 stimulates proliferation germline precursor cells in adult hermaphrodites. Coupled greater supply is physiological cell death, required improve oocyte quality older mothers. The hermaphrodite sensitive only during time window, comparable duration larval stage, early adulthood. During this period, prereproductive adults assess suitability environment for reproduction. Our results identify events occur response pheromone. They also suggest opposite effects on gamete maternal longevity arise from competition over resource allocation between soma

Язык: Английский

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Uncoupling cell division and cytokinesis during germline development in metazoans

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10

Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2022

The canonical eukaryotic cell cycle ends with cytokinesis, which physically divides the mother in two and allows to resume newly individualized daughter cells. However, during germline development nearly all metazoans, dividing germ cells undergo incomplete cytokinesis stay connected by intercellular bridges allow exchange of cytoplasm organelles between near ubiquity animal lines suggests that this is an ancient feature fundamental for function tissue. While has been studied several decades, mechanisms enable regulated are only beginning emerge. Here we review current knowledge on regulation bridge formation, focusing findings made using mouse, Drosophila melanogaster Caenorhabditis elegans as experimental systems.

Язык: Английский

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A higher order PUF complex is central to regulation of C. elegans germline stem cells

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Abstract PUF RNA-binding proteins are broadly conserved stem cell regulators. Nematode maintain germline cells (GSCs) and, with key partner proteins, repress differentiation mRNAs, including gld-1 . Here we report that protein FBF-2 and its LST-1 form a ternary complex represses via pair of adjacent FBF binding elements (FBEs) in 3′UTR. One molecule links two molecules motifs the intrinsically-disordered region; FBE includes well-established ‘canonical’ newly-identified noncanonical FBE. Remarkably, this drives both full RNA repression GSCs activation upon differentiation. Discoveries LST-1–FBF-2 complex, FBEs, their vivo significance predict an expanded regulatory repertoire different assemblies PUF-partner-RNA higher order complexes nematode GSCs. This also suggests analogous controls may await discovery other biological contexts organisms.

Язык: Английский

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