Targeting Tumor Microenvironment for Cancer Therapy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 20(4), С. 840 - 840

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2019

Cancer development is highly associated to the physiological state of tumor microenvironment (TME). Despite existing heterogeneity tumors from same or different anatomical locations, common features can be found in TME maturation epithelial-derived tumors. Genetic alterations cells result hyperplasia, uncontrolled growth, resistance apoptosis, and metabolic shift towards anaerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect). These events create hypoxia, oxidative stress acidosis within triggering an adjustment extracellular matrix (ECM), a response neighbor stromal (e.g., fibroblasts) immune (lymphocytes macrophages), inducing angiogenesis and, ultimately, resulting metastasis. Exosomes secreted by are central players all these events. The profile preponderant on prognosis impacts efficacy anti-cancer therapies. Hence, big effort has been made develop new therapeutic strategies more efficient targeting TME. efforts focus on: (i) components, extending conventional therapeutics, combined therapies nanomedicines; (ii) models that accurately resemble for bench investigations, including tumor-tissue explants, "tumor chip" multicellular tumor-spheroids.

Язык: Английский

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New approaches and procedures for cancer treatment: Current perspectives

SAGE Open Medicine, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

Cancer is a global health problem responsible for one in six deaths worldwide. Treating cancer has been highly complex process. Conventional treatment approaches, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have use, while significant advances are being made recent times, including stem cell therapy, targeted ablation nanoparticles, natural antioxidants, radionics, chemodynamic sonodynamic ferroptosis-based therapy. Current methods oncology focus on the development of safe efficient nanomedicines. Stem therapy brought promising efficacy regenerating repairing diseased or damaged tissues by targeting both primary metastatic foci, nanoparticles new diagnostic therapeutic options. Targeted possessed breakthrough potential inhibiting growth spread specific cells, causing less damage to healthy cells. Ablation emerged minimally invasive procedure that burns freezes cancers without need open surgery. Natural antioxidants demonstrated tracking down free radicals neutralizing their harmful effects thereby treating preventing cancer. Several technologies currently under research clinical trials, some them already approved. This review presented an update breakthroughs therapies.

Язык: Английский

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Evolution of Cancer Pharmacological Treatments at the Turn of the Third Millennium

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2018

The medical history of cancer began millennia ago. Historical findings patients with date back to ancient Egyptian and Greek civilizations, where this disease was predominantly treated radical surgery cautery that were often ineffective, leading the death patients. Over centuries, important discoveries allowed identify biological pathological features tumors, without however contributing development effective therapeutic approaches until end 1800s, when discovery X-rays their use for treatment tumors provided first modern approach in oncology. However, a real breakthrough took place after Second World War, cytotoxic antitumor drugs birth chemotherapy various hematological solid tumors. Starting from epochal turning point, there has been an exponential growth studies concerning new treatment. second fundamental field oncology pharmacology at beginning '80s, thanks molecular cellular biology specific some targets involved neoplastic processes, giving rise targeted therapy. Both target therapy have significantly improved survival quality life inducing sometimes complete tumor remission. Subsequently, turn third millennium, genetic engineering studies, further advancement clinical introduction monoclonal antibodies immune checkpoint inhibitors advanced or metastatic which no available before. Today, research is always aimed study Currently, several researchers are focused on cell therapies, anti-tumor vaccines, biotechnological already shown promising results preclinical therefore, near future, we will certainly assist revolution

Язык: Английский

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Drug combinations: a strategy to extend the life of antibiotics in the 21st century

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 17(3), С. 141 - 155

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2019

Язык: Английский

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KRAS mutation: from undruggable to druggable in cancer

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2021

Abstract Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, and its treatment outcomes have been dramatically revolutionised by targeted therapies. As most frequently mutated oncogene, Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue (KRAS) has attracted substantial attention. The understanding KRAS constantly being updated numerous studies on in initiation progression cancer diseases. However, deemed a challenging therapeutic target, even “undruggable”, after drug-targeting efforts over past four decades. Recently, there surprising advances directly drugs for KRAS, especially (G12C) inhibitors, such as AMG510 (sotorasib) MRTX849 (adagrasib), which obtained encouraging results clinical trials. Excitingly, was first to be approved use this year. This review summarises recent fundamental aspects relationship between mutations tumour immune evasion, new progress targeting particularly (G12C). Moreover, possible mechanisms resistance inhibitors combination therapies are summarised, with view providing best regimen individualised achieving truly precise treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Antibody–Drug Conjugates: A Comprehensive Review

Molecular Cancer Research, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 18(1), С. 3 - 19

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2019

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) are one of the fastest growing anticancer drugs. This approach comprises a mAb conjugated to cytotoxic payload via chemical linker that directed toward target antigen expressed on cancer cell surface, reducing systemic exposure and therefore toxicity. ADCs complex molecules require careful attention various components. Selection an appropriate target, mAb, payload, manner in which antibody is linked key determinants safety efficacy ADCs. review provides overview evaluation each component ADC design, improved understanding mechanism action ADC, mechanistic pathways involved resistance strategies optimize design. Moreover, this also shed light current status have gained regulatory approval from FDA including description biology chemistry, metabolic profiles, adverse events, drug interactions, future perspective combination with other agents, immunotherapy.

Язык: Английский

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Angiogenic signaling pathways and anti-angiogenic therapy for cancer

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Май 11, 2023

Abstract Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is a complex and dynamic process regulated by various pro- anti-angiogenic molecules, which plays crucial role in tumor growth, invasion, metastasis. With advances molecular cellular biology, biomolecules such as growth factors, chemokines, adhesion factors involved angiogenesis has gradually been elucidated. Targeted therapeutic research based on these molecules driven treatment to become promising strategy anti-tumor therapy. The most widely used agents include monoclonal antibodies tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting vascular endothelial factor (VEGF) pathway. However, clinical benefit this modality still limited due several defects adverse events, acquired drug resistance, recurrence, lack validated biomarkers, impel further mechanisms angiogenesis, development multiple drugs combination therapy figure out how improve efficacy. Here, we broadly summarize signaling pathways discuss current challenges We also propose approaches efficacy provide perspective for

Язык: Английский

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Engineering nanomedicine for glutathione depletion-augmented cancer therapy

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 50(10), С. 6013 - 6041

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

In this review, we systematically survey the most recent progress in engineering nanomedicine for intracellular glutathione consumption-augmented cancer therapy.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccines: The status and perspectives in delivery points of view

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 170, С. 1 - 25

Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Co–Ferrocene MOF/Glucose Oxidase as Cascade Nanozyme for Effective Tumor Therapy

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 30(16)

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2020

Abstract Chemodynamic therapy (CDT), enabling selective therapeutic effects and low side effect, attracts increasing attention in recent years. However, limited intracellular content of H 2 O acid at the tumor site restrains lasting Fenton reaction thus anticancer efficacy CDT. Herein, a nanoscale Co–ferrocene metal–organic framework (Co‐Fc NMOF) with high activity is synthesized combined glucose oxidase (GOx) to construct cascade enzymatic/Fenton catalytic platform (Co‐Fc@GOx) for enhanced treatment. In this system, Co‐Fc NMOF not only acts as versatile effective delivery cargo GOx molecules modulate conditions, but also possesses excellent effect generation highly toxic •OH. microenvironment, delivered by catalyzes endogenous gluconic . The acidity on‐site are consequently promoted, which turn favors enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS). Both vitro vivo results demonstrate that triggered Co‐Fc@GOx nanozyme enables remarkable properties.

Язык: Английский

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