Exploring How Adipose Tissue, Obesity, and Gender Influence the Immune Response to Vaccines: A Comprehensive Narrative Review
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(2), С. 862 - 862
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025
Vaccines
represent
an
essential
tool
for
the
prevention
of
infectious
diseases.
Upon
administration,
a
complex
interaction
occurs
between
vaccine
formulation
and
recipient’s
immune
system,
ultimately
resulting
in
protection
against
disease.
Significant
variability
exists
individual
population
responses
to
vaccination,
these
differences
remain
focus
ongoing
research.
Notably,
well-documented
factors,
such
as
age,
gender,
genetic
predisposition,
influence
responses.
In
contrast,
effects
overweight
obesity
have
not
been
thoroughly
investigated.
The
evidence
indicates
that
high
body
mass
index
(BMI)
constitutes
significant
risk
factor
infections
general,
with
adipose
tissue
playing
crucial
role
modulating
response.
Furthermore,
suboptimal
levels
seroconversion
observed
among
individuals
obesity.
This
review
provides
plausible
examination
immunity
conferred
by
various
vaccines
status,
offering
comprehensive
analysis
mechanisms
enhance
vaccination
efficiency.
Язык: Английский
Role of Micronutrients in the Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pediatric Patients
Immuno,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
4(3), С. 211 - 225
Опубликована: Июль 31, 2024
Nutrition
is
essential
in
developing
and
maintaining
a
robust
immune
system
vital
for
homeostasis.
The
pediatric
population
particularly
vulnerable
to
dietary
changes,
as
their
growth
development
require
high
energy
intake.
Malnutrition
infants
can
have
immediate
long-lasting
effects,
increasing
the
risk
of
morbidity
mortality.
Under
overnutrition
slow
down
response
infections,
which
delay
recovery.
To
effectively
defend
against
SARS-CoV-2
infection
enhance
viral
clearance,
it
maintain
healthy
diet
that
includes
sufficient
macro
micronutrients.
Several
studies,
most
been
performed
adults,
shown
vitamins
such
C,
B12,
folate,
D,
E,
well
minerals
selenium,
copper,
iron,
zinc,
magnesium,
help
reduce
symptoms
duration
an
infection.
Supplementation
with
micronutrients
has
childhood
malnutrition
contribute
more
favorable
clinical
course
COVID-19.
In
children
obesity,
also
monitor
cardiometabolic
thrombotic
risks,
based
on
data
from
studies
adults.
This
review
analyses
impact
nutritional
status
patients
infection,
its
contribution
severity,
potential
therapeutic
interventions.
Язык: Английский
SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Venezuelan Pediatric Patients: A Single Center Prospective Observational Study
Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2023
Several
studies
suggest
that
children
infected
with
SARS-CoV-2
have
fewer
clinical
manifestations
than
adults;
when
they
develop
symptoms,
rarely
progress
to
severe
disease.
Different
immunological
theories
been
proposed
explain
this
phenomenon.
In
September
2020,
16%
of
the
active
COVID-19
cases
in
Venezuela
were
under
19
years.
We
conducted
a
cross-sectional
study
pediatric
patients'
immune
response
and
conditions
infection.
The
patients
admitted
area
emergency
department
Dr
José
Manuel
de
los
Ríos
Children's
Hospital
(2021-2022).
lymphocyte
subpopulations
analysed
by
flow
cytometry,
IFNγ,
IL-6
IL-10
serum
concentrations
quantified
using
commercial
ELISA
assays.
analysis
was
on
72
aged
one
month
18
majority,
52.8%,
had
mild
disease,
30.6
%
diagnosed
MIS-C.
main
symptoms
reported
fever,
cough
diarrhoea.
A
correlation
found
between
age
group;
nutritional
status
steroid
use;
severity.
results
different
depending
should
be
considered
for
treating
patients.
Язык: Английский