Effect of Baking Conditions on Mycotoxin Levels in Flatbreads Prepared from Artificially Contaminated Doughs
Foods,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(6), С. 910 - 910
Опубликована: Март 7, 2025
This
study
investigated
the
impact
of
baking
conditions
on
mycotoxin
content
in
Greek
pita
bread,
a
single-layered
flatbread
baked
at
high
temperatures
for
short
time
intervals.
Dough
samples
were
artificially
contaminated
with
multi-mycotoxin
mixture,
including
aflatoxins
(AFs)
G2,
G1,
B2,
and
B1;
ochratoxin
A
(OTA);
deoxynivalenol
(DON);
zearalenone
(ZEA).
Flatbreads
under
three
temperature–time
combinations
(220,
270,
320
°C
4,
2,
1
min,
respectively),
additional
evaluation
parbaking
process
(baking
halted
75%
total
each
respective
temperature,
bread
was
stored
−18
°C,
then
3
min
180
°C).
QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS
method
implemented
determination
mycotoxins.
The
results
demonstrated
varying
degrees
thermal
degradation,
AFs
B1
G1
showing
highest
decrease
(39%
average),
followed
by
AFG2,
AFB2,
ZEA,
DON
(16–25%),
while
OTA
remained
relatively
thermostable.
Multivariate
analyses
classified
flatbreads
into
two
groups:
higher
favored
reductions
AFG1,
OTA,
AFB2
levels
longer
times
lower
AFB1
reduction.
These
findings
provide
insights
optimizing
to
improve
food
safety
industrial
home-baking
applications.
Язык: Английский
Genome Sequencing of a Fusarium Endophytic Isolate from Hazelnut: Phylogenetic and Metabolomic Implications
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(9), С. 4377 - 4377
Опубликована: Май 5, 2025
This
study
reports
on
the
whole
genome
sequencing
of
hazelnut
endophytic
Fusarium
isolate
Hzn5
from
Poland.
It
was
identified
as
a
member
citricola
species
complex
based
phylogenetic
analysis
which
also
pointed
out
that
other
isolates,
previously
F.
lateritium
and
tricinctum,
actually
belong
to
this
complex.
Genome
annotation
allowed
mapping
4491
different
protein
sequences
assembly.
A
further
in
silico
search
for
their
potential
biosynthetic
activity
showed
predicted
genes
are
involved
1110
metabolic
pathways.
Moreover,
sequence
carried
comparison
another
isolate,
an
agent
gray
necrosis
Italy,
revealed
homology
several
regions
containing
gene
clusters
bioactive
secondary
metabolites.
The
resulting
indications
aptitude
concerning
some
emerging
mycotoxins,
such
enniatins
culmorin,
should
be
taken
into
consideration
with
reference
possible
contamination
hazelnuts
derived
products.
Язык: Английский
Bioinformatic Analysis of Secondary Metabolite Biosynthetic Potential in Pathogenic Fusarium
Опубликована: Июль 17, 2023
Fusarium
species
are
one
of
the
filamentous
fungal
taxa
with
most
pronounced
impact
on
agri-cultural
production
and
human
health.
The
mycotoxins
produced
by
pathogenic
not
on-ly
attack
various
plants
including
crops,
causing
plant
diseases
that
lead
to
reduced
yields
even
death,
but
also
penetrate
into
food
chain
humans
animals
cause
poi-soning
consequent
health
hazards.
Although
sporadic
studies
have
revealed
some
bio-synthetic
pathways
toxins,
they
insufficient
satisfy
need
for
a
comprehen-sive
understanding
toxin
production.
In
this
study,
we
focused
35
serious
patho-genic
available
genomes
systematically
analyzed
ubiquity
dis-tribution
identified
non-Fusarium
derived
biosynthesis
gene
clusters
(BGCs)
in
these
through
mining
core
genes
comparative
analysis
correspond-ing
BGCs.
Additionally,
novel
sesterterpene
synthases
PKS_NRPS
were
discovered
analysed.
This
work
is
first
analyze
distribution
related
mycotoxin
species.
These
findings
enhance
knowledge
provide
theoretical
grounding
prevention
us-ing
biotechnological
approaches.
Язык: Английский
Fusarium Species Shifts in Maize Grain as a Response to Climatic Changes in Poland
Agriculture,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(10), С. 1793 - 1793
Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2024
Maize,
along
with
wheat
and
rice,
is
the
most
important
crop
for
food
security.
Ear
rots
caused
by
Fusarium
species
are
among
diseases
of
maize.
The
distribution
provides
essential
epidemiological
information
disease
management.
effect
weather
conditions,
climate
change
geographic
localization
on
population
in
Poland
was
evaluated
between
2015
2018.
Grain
samples
(n
=
233)
were
collected
from
hybrids
at
16
locations
(L1–L16).
differences
altitude
ranged
39
to
243
m
above
sea
level,
longitude
varied
15°55′
23°12′
E,
latitude
spanned
50°12′
54°01′
N.
Isolates
identified
using
molecular
techniques.
highest
frequency
recorded
2016
(30.70%)
2017
(28.18%),
lowest
2018
(5.36%).
F.
verticillioides
temperatum
frequent.
Altitude
has
an
vericillioides
frequency:
graminearum
showed
a
negative
correlation
both
longitude.
In
Polish
silking
harvesting,
number
days
higher
precipitation
lower
temperatures
associated
increased
verticillioides,
temperatum,
avenaceum.
This
suggests
that
presence
significantly
influenced
not
only
but
also
extreme
changes.
Язык: Английский