Chemokine CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) Signaling and Diabetic Encephalopathy DOI Open Access
Mateusz Wątroba,

Anna D. Grabowska,

Dariusz Szukiewicz

и другие.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(14), С. 7527 - 7527

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease in humans, and its prevalence increasing worldwide parallel with obesity pandemic. A lack of insulin or resistance, consequently hyperglycemia, leads to many systemic disorders, among which diabetic encephalopathy (DE) a long-term complication central nervous system (CNS), characterized by cognitive impairment motor dysfunctions. The role oxidative stress neuroinflammation pathomechanism DE has been proven. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) unique properties as an adhesion molecule chemoattractant, acting on only receptor, CX3CR1, it regulates activity microglia physiological states neuroinflammation. Depending clinical context, CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling may have neuroprotective effects inhibiting inflammatory process or, conversely, maintaining/intensifying inflammation neurotoxicity. This review discusses evidence supporting that pair other neurotoxic. Therefore, interrupting vicious cycle within neuron–microglia interactions promoting neurotoxic axis be therapeutic goal limiting response. However, optimal approach prevent simply tight glycemic control, because elimination dysglycemic CNS abolishes fundamental mechanisms induce this cycle.

Язык: Английский

The Role of Fractalkine in Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications DOI Open Access

Cheng-Yung Lee,

Chang‐Hao Yang

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(1), С. 378 - 378

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2025

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes, characterized by progressive microvascular dysfunction that can result in vision loss. Chronic hyperglycemia drives oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation, leading to retinal damage complications such as neovascularization. Current treatments, including anti-VEGF agents, have limitations, necessitating the exploration alternative therapeutic strategies. Fractalkine (CX3CL1), chemokine with dual roles membrane-bound adhesion molecule soluble chemoattractant, has emerged potential target. Its receptor, CX3CR1, expressed on immune cells mediates processes cell recruitment microglial activation through intracellular signaling pathways. In DR, fractalkine plays critical angiogenesis, neuroprotection, balancing tissue repair. elevated levels are associated inflammation dysfunction. Experimental studies suggest deficiency exacerbates severity diabetic (DR), whereas exogenous appears reduce neuronal damage. However, its role pathological angiogenesis within DR remains unclear warrants further investigation. Preclinical evidence indicates may hold potential, particularly mitigating injury early-stage DR.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Rat Hair Follicle Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Isolation, Characterization and Comparative Analysis of Their In Vitro Wound Healing Potential DOI Open Access
Patrícia Sousa, Bruna Lopes, Ana Catarina Sousa

и другие.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(11), С. 5081 - 5081

Опубликована: Май 25, 2025

Stem cell-derived secretome and exosomes present a promising cell-free strategy for tissue repair wound healing. This study aimed to isolate characterize, the first time, derived from rat hair follicle stem cells (rHFSCs) evaluate their wound-healing potential alongside rHFSC secretome. Exosomes were isolated via ultracentrifugation characterized using Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), biomarker profiling protein quantification. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed spherical morphology, diameter elemental composition. Protein quantification showed higher content in than exosomes. RT-PCR highlighted therapeutic relevance of exosomal cargo compared parent rHFSCs. Functional analysis 30 biomolecules validated pro-regenerative potential. Cytocompatibility was PrestoBlue™ viability assay, while scratch assays demonstrated significant closure treated groups, both without mitomycin C. These findings highlight rHFSC-derived as innovative, agents cutaneous regeneration. advances our understanding role healing underscores broader applicability regenerative medicine.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Chemokine CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) Signaling and Diabetic Encephalopathy DOI Open Access
Mateusz Wątroba,

Anna D. Grabowska,

Dariusz Szukiewicz

и другие.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(14), С. 7527 - 7527

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease in humans, and its prevalence increasing worldwide parallel with obesity pandemic. A lack of insulin or resistance, consequently hyperglycemia, leads to many systemic disorders, among which diabetic encephalopathy (DE) a long-term complication central nervous system (CNS), characterized by cognitive impairment motor dysfunctions. The role oxidative stress neuroinflammation pathomechanism DE has been proven. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) unique properties as an adhesion molecule chemoattractant, acting on only receptor, CX3CR1, it regulates activity microglia physiological states neuroinflammation. Depending clinical context, CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling may have neuroprotective effects inhibiting inflammatory process or, conversely, maintaining/intensifying inflammation neurotoxicity. This review discusses evidence supporting that pair other neurotoxic. Therefore, interrupting vicious cycle within neuron–microglia interactions promoting neurotoxic axis be therapeutic goal limiting response. However, optimal approach prevent simply tight glycemic control, because elimination dysglycemic CNS abolishes fundamental mechanisms induce this cycle.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1