Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2024
The practice of stormwater management has evolved from a singular focus on drainage to multifaceted approach support integrated urban development. By contributing healthy, livable, ecological, and water sensitive cities, it is key tool promote Sustainable Development Goal 11 neighborhood metropolitan scales. A review the knowledge base for shows several attributes that favor an integrative achieve co-benefits across sectors. Functional areas its contributions include drainage, flood control, plain management, quality ecology, recreation, city beautification. Legacy path dependance affects potential reform land use practices, while being affected by climate change, sea level rise, urbanization, inequality, poor governance. Technical methods are well advanced, but frameworks address social, ecological infrastructure needs more challenging. sensitivity issues most evident in cities coastal zones. Organizational initiatives needed counter neglect essential maintenance sustain risk reduction cities. Stormwater related other tools, including IWRM, One Water, Health, as broader concept planning. capture rainfall harvesting offer major opportunities augment scarce supplies. Nature-based solutions like low-impact development Sponge City show promise transform Major face challenges conveyance corridors flows store treat combined sewer runoff. elevates importance participation inclusion advance environmental justice strengthen social capital. Integrating organizational local scale funding improvements systems require leadership higher governance levels, although governments resistance change toward integration, especially countries with public works systems. Finding connectivity at larger scales requires complex approaches planning represent important agenda going forward.
Язык: Английский