Physics of Fluids,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(12)
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Deep
oil
reservoirs,
characterized
by
high
temperature
and
pressure,
are
conducive
for
enhancing
the
miscibility
between
gas
crude
oil,
thereby
improving
recovery.
This
paper
focuses
on
a
high-water-cut
deep
oilfield
in
Xinjiang
experimentally
investigates
potential
influencing
factors
of
flooding
These
include
permeability,
type
injection
gas,
rate,
method.
Based
geological
characteristics,
three
types
experimental
long-core
samples:
medium
low
were
selected.
Hydrocarbon
experiments
conducted
after
water
at
conditions
112
°C
55
MPa
to
evaluate
displacement
effects.
Results
indicated
that
permeability
cores
exhibited
best
displacement,
with
recovery
rates
39.53%
higher
than
those
from
flooding.
Low
demonstrated
35.46%
increase
recovery,
significantly
surpassing
29.31%
observed
layers.
Among
four
media
tested,
CO2
was
found
have
effect,
increasing
33.22%,
followed
hydrocarbon
associated
while
N2
least
effective
(7.27%).
Higher
pressures
(55
MPa)
notably
improved
final
degree,
resulting
41.40%
increase.
Additionally,
alternating
injections
enhanced
13.02%
compared
continuous
injection.
A
lower
rate
0.5
ml/min
7%
over
1
ml/min.
Therefore,
layers
under
conditions,
optimal
scheme
consists
using
as
medium,
an
flow
pressure
MPa,
employing
water–gas
mode.
study
provides
valuable
theoretical
support
through
reservoirs.
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
29(16), С. 3978 - 3978
Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2024
CO2-enhanced
oil
recovery
(CO2-EOR)
is
a
crucial
method
for
CO2
utilization
and
sequestration,
representing
an
important
zero-carbon
or
even
negative-carbon
emission
reduction
technology.
However,
the
low
viscosity
of
reservoir
heterogeneity
often
result
in
early
gas
breakthrough,
significantly
reducing
sequestration
efficiency.
A
water-alternating-gas
(WAG)
injection
technique
mitigating
breakthrough
viscous
fingering
CO2-EOR.
it
encounters
challenges
related
to
insufficient
mobility
control
highly
heterogeneous
fractured
reservoirs,
resulting
channeling
sweep
Despite
extensive
application
research
WAG
most
recent
comprehensive
review
dates
back
2018,
which
focuses
on
mechanisms
EOR
using
conventional
WAG.
Herein,
we
give
updated
incorporate
latest
advancements
CO2-WAG
flooding
techniques
enhanced
efficiency,
includes
theory,
applications,
fluid
displacement
mechanisms,
strategies
injection.
It
addresses
common
challenges,
operational
issues,
remedial
measures
projects
by
covering
studies
from
experiments,
simulations,
pore-scale
modeling.
This
aims
provide
guidance
serve
as
reference
advancement
CO2-EOR
reservoirs.
SPE Journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 22
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Summary
Fractured
vuggy
carbonate
reservoirs
are
critically
important,
contributing
significantly
to
hydrocarbon
reserves
and
production.
The
presence
of
fractures
vugs
distinctly
influences
fluid
flow
transport
within
rocks,
differentiating
fractured
from
most
other
geological
formations.
Apart
matrix
isolated
still
the
targets
for
acid
stimulation
due
limited
contribution
capacities.
This
study
is
motivated
investigate
process
in
reservoirs.
In
this
work,
classical
two-scale
continuum
model
has
been
extended
describe
reactive
dissolution
processes
complex
media
comprising
matrix,
fractures,
vugs.
discrete
fracture
Navier-Stokes
equation
used
respectively
characterize
regions.
Fluid
interactions
between
different
regions
governed
by
Beavers-Joseph-Saffman
(BJS)
interface
conditions.
Dynamic
boundary
conditions
applied
deformation
behaviors
at
boundaries
addition,
Biot
equations
utilized
specifically
examine
mechanical
responses
poroelastic
region
during
process.
A
finite
element
developed,
incorporating
an
effective
loosely
coupled
sequential
iterative
scheme
numerical
discretization
solution
hydrological-mechanical-chemical
control
equations.
simulation
results
show
that
formations
does
not
perturb
equilibrium
necessary
wormhole
formation,
thereby
preserving
patterns
associated
with
a
specific
injection
rate.
Nevertheless,
stress
shows
significant
influence
on
closure
behavior.
stress-induced
alteration
structures
necessitates
increased
pore
volume
breakthrough
(PVBT)
attain
comparable
effects.
increment
finally
escalates
both
operational
costs
complexity.
Physics-informed
neural
networks
(PINNs)
integrate
physical
principles
into
machine
learning,
finding
wide
applications
in
various
scientific
and
engineering
fields.
However,
solving
nonlinear
hyperbolic
partial
differential
equations
(PDEs)
with
PINNs
presents
challenges
due
to
inherent
discontinuities
the
solutions.
This
is
particularly
true
for
Buckley–Leverett
(B-L)
equation,
a
key
model
multiphase
fluid
flow
porous
media.
In
this
paper,
we
demonstrate
that
PINNs,
conjunction
Welge's
construction,
can
achieve
superior
precision
handling
B-L
different
scenarios
including
one
shock
rarefaction
wave,
two
shocks
connected
by
wave
traveling
same
direction,
opposite
directions.
Our
approach
accounts
variations
mobility,
solubility,
gravity
effects,
modeling
1D
water
flooding,
polymer
gravitational
flow,
CO2
injection
saline
aquifers.
Additionally,
applied
inverse
problems
estimate
multiple
PDE
parameters
from
observed
data,
demonstrating
robustness
under
conditions
of
slight
scarcity
up
5%
impurity
labeled
data
as
well
shortages
collocation
data.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025
Abstract
Using
an
acid
to
stimulate
a
heterogeneous
carbonate
reservoir
during
matrix
acidizing
may
lead
over-treating
the
high
permeability
zones,
leaving
low
zones
untreated.
This
is
particularly
exacerbated
in
long
horizontal
sections,
necessitating
use
of
diverters
for
effective
distribution
across
formation.
In
previous
studies,
conventional
core
flooding
systems
were
utilized
where
single
inlet
and
outlet
lines
used
or,
at
best,
two
dual-core
flooding.
paper
proposes
new
method
simulating
wells
by
introducing
five
injection
points
lines.
The
are
perpendicular
samples
simulate
multiple
perforations
well
while
parallel.
Four
experiments
conducted
this
study
using
Indiana
limestone
cores
that
1.5
inches
diameter.
For
first
three
tests,
length
was
12
inches,
cores’
average
permeabilities
16
mD.
fourth
one,
6-inch
with
different
(10
50
mD)
employed.
Hydrochloric
experiment,
hydrochloric
viscoelastic
surfactant
(VES)
subsequent
experiments.
To
best
our
knowledge,
introduce
multi-point
system
enhanced
coverage
distribution,
resulting
more
precise
representation
well.
The
direct
emission
of
methane-rich
associated
gas
from
oil
fields
is
a
significant
contributor
to
the
greenhouse
effect.
Currently,
alternative
flooding
predominantly
employs
CO2
and
N2
as
displacement
phases,
with
limited
research
focusing
on
alternating
injection
tailored
for
field
production.
This
study
investigates
feasibility
enhancing
recovery
mitigating
effect
through
into
reservoirs
using
experimental
numerical
simulation
approaches.
Initially,
core-scale
laboratory
experiments
were
conducted
CO2,
followed
by
establishing
corresponding
model.
results
indicate
that,
compared
continuous
injection,
method
in
2.48%
reduction
efficiency.
However,
this
demonstrates
superior
control
over
mobility
oil,
gas,
water.
because
there
are
two
ways
enhance
efficiency:
improve
extraction
efficiency
increase
swept
area.
has
high
but
relatively
small
Therefore,
we
aim
area
an
where
key
factor
expanding
Specifically,
ratio
between
decreases
9.65
8.24,
remobilized
zone
water
unswept
reduces
0.770
0.441,
suggesting
potential
improving
sweep
heterogeneous
injection.
Subsequently,
simulations
performed
at
reservoir
scale
investigate
injections
varying
slug
sizes.
At
scale,
increases
injected
4.72
7.82
km2,
consequently
resulting
additional
production
18
969
m3
sequestration
9.0619
×
108
kg
equivalents,
representing
15.6%
460.4%,
respectively.
Finally,
was
optimized
surrogate
optimization
MATLAB.
After
optimization,
cumulative
increased
31.6%
carbon
capacity
74.1%,
flooding.
offers
valuable
theoretical
support
facilitating
reservoirs.
