Antimicrobial Activity of the Peptide C14R Against Ab Initio Growing and Preformed Biofilms of Candida albicans, Candidaparapsilosis and Candidozyma auris

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3), С. 322 - 322

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Biofilms are the predominant lifeforms of microorganisms, contributing to over 80% infections, including those caused by Candida species like C. albicans, parapsilosis and Candidozyma auris. These form biofilms on medical devices, making infections challenging treat, especially with rise in drug-resistant strains. particularly hospital-acquired ones, a significant health threat due their resistance antifungals risk developing systemic (i.e., sepsis). We have previously shown that C14R reduces viability albicans auris, but not parapsilosis. Here, we show only inhibits pore formation, resazurin reduction assay, fluorescence-based permeabilization it also halts biofilm maturation significantly biomass preformed 70%. findings suggest could be an effective option for treating severe fungal offering potential new treatment approach biofilm-related diseases. Further research is needed fully understand its dispersal optimize use future applications as antifungal clinical settings.

Язык: Английский

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The impact of phenotypic heterogeneity on fungal pathogenicity and drug resistance

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

Abstract Phenotypic heterogeneity in genetically clonal populations facilitates cellular adaptation to adverse environmental conditions while enabling a return the basal physiological state. It also plays crucial role pathogenicity and acquisition of drug resistance unicellular organisms cancer cells, yet exact contributing factors remain elusive. In this review, we outline current state understanding concerning contribution phenotypic fungal pathogenesis antifungal resistance.

Язык: Английский

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Reevaluating the Value of (1,3)-β-D-Glucan for the Diagnosis of Intra-Abdominal Candidiasis in Critically Ill Patients: Current Evidence and Future Directions

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(2), С. 91 - 91

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

Intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC) is associated with significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in critically ill patients. Traditional fungal cultures are slow, delaying appropriate antifungal treatment. (1,3)-β-D-glucan (BDG), a component of the cell wall, has emerged as potential biomarker for IAC, but its use ICU settings complicated by frequent false-positives results from invasive procedures underlying conditions. This review examines value BDG when present serum peritoneal fluid. While effective excluding infections like candidemia, specificity IAC remains low Recent studies suggest that levels fluid may provide better accuracy, distinguishing bacterial peritonitis higher specificity. We discuss advantages, limitations, practical aspects testing, emphasizing complementary tool. Further research needed to refine thresholds, validate clinical utility, establish role improving timely, targeted treatment IAC.

Язык: Английский

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Preparation and analysis of quinoa active protein (QAP) and its mechanism of inhibiting Candida albicans from a transcriptome perspective

PeerJ, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13, С. e18961 - e18961

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2025

The globe cultivation and industrial production of quinoa have been steadily increasing. Nevertheless, the full potential quinoa’s nutritional economic benefits remains underexploited. This study investigates isolation purification active protein (QAP) through precipitation method using ammonium sulfate from a phosphate extraction solution. process involved gel filtration chromatography with Sephadex G-75 G-50 columns to obtain QAP fractions exhibiting inhibitory effects against Candida albicans ( C. ). A comprehensive series experiments was undertaken examine antifungal properties these fractions. Proteomic analysis employed elucidate composition proteins. Furthermore, activities succinate dehydrogenase, Ca 2+ -Mg -ATPase, catalase in following treatment were quantified an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. on cell morphology cultured Spider agar medium further investigated scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RNA-seq conducted investigate alterations gene expression cells subjected treatment. To functional significance changes, Gene Ontology Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes analyses performed. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction subsequently validate observed changes expression. Our findings demonstrate that exhibits , minimum concentration 182 µg/mL. Through proteomic analysis, definitive set 18 proteins identified. At molecular level, genes associated hyphal development, wall membrane integrity, cellular respiration, energy metabolism found be enriched. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) revealed inhibit growth hyphae, compromise suppress oxidative phosphorylation. These disruptions collectively impair normal metabolic activities, thereby exerting effect .

Язык: Английский

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Emergence of invasive candidiasis with multiple Candida species exhibiting azole and echinocandin resistance

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 25, 2025

Background Invasive candidiasis (IC) is an increasingly common, expensive, and potentially fatal infection. However, IC caused by multiple Candida species rarely reported in China. Herein, we revealed a complex species, comprising the rare C. norvegensis , albicans glabrata tropicalis . The resistance mechanism of azole echinocandin were explored further. Methods isolates confirmed using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing. mechanisms investigated PCR-based sequencing, quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR, rhodamine 6G efflux quantification. Results Antifungal susceptibility testing showed this infection was associated with cross-resistance to drugs. For acquired likely novel mutational pattern (1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunits FKS1-S629P FKS2-W1497stop) while RJ05 related including enhanced activity, pleiotropic drug 1 (PDR1) mutation, increased expression (CDR1) CDR2. Additionally, two lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase (ERG11) mutations: Y132F S154F. Conclusion Our study case clinically complex, invasive infections, further uncovering azoles echinocandins. These findings provide valuable references for diagnosis treatment clinical practice.

Язык: Английский

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The Antifungal Effects of Equol Against Candida albicans Involve Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(5), С. 339 - 339

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2025

Novel antifungal agents are urgently needed because of the increasing number drug-resistant Candida strains encountered in clinical practice and limited variety available drugs. Equol, a metabolite soy isoflavone glycosides, exhibits activities. In this study, Equol had good inhibitory activity against species. The lowest concentration 125-500 μg/mL was confirmed by gradient dilution method. addition, transmission electron microscopy relative content assay showed that altered cell wall membrane albicans. Further studies found treatment increased intracellular levels reactive oxygen species Ca2+. Subsequent experiments suggested depolarized potential C. albicans up-regulated expression apoptosis-inducing factor gene. These results damaged membrane, dysregulated components, induced oxidative stress Ca2+ accumulation, ultimately resulted mitochondrial dysfunction. Collectively, these findings demonstrated is agent.

Язык: Английский

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In vitro susceptibility profiles of invasive Candida bloodstream isolates to ten antifungal drugs in a southern area of China

Journal of Medical Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 74(5)

Опубликована: Май 12, 2025

Introduction. In recent years, with the increase of drug resistance Candida , incidence rate and mortality candidemia have gradually increased, which has brought a huge economic health burden to people. Gap Statement. The epidemiological characteristics antifungal sensitivity patterns in different regions varied. Aim. To analyse distribution susceptibility strains isolated from bloodstreams provide basis for use drugs treatment. Methodology. A total 115 were collected bloodstream, 28 colonized albicans upper respiratory tract. species identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight technology. Antifungal was assessed broth microdilution combined redox methods. Results. There eight types bloodstream; C. most common (36.5%), followed by parapsilosis (24.3%), glabrata (17.4%) tropicalis (14.8%). no significant difference azole between bloodstream infection group tract colonization group, but there MIC values micafungin fluconazole, P 0.017 0.003, respectively. Amphotericin B echinocandins are susceptible all species, MICs against significantly higher than those other species. (except ) is highly resistant azoles, showing rates 89.3% 82.1% itraconazole posaconazole, respectively; 100% 94.1%, Conclusion. remains predominant pathogen responsible candidemia. Although antifungals relatively stable, differences indicating importance strain identification treatment For empirical treatment, echinocandin recommended.

Язык: Английский

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The Impact of Epidemiological Trends and Guideline Adherence on Candidemia-Associated Mortality: A 14-Year Study in Northeastern Italy

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(5), С. 400 - 400

Опубликована: Май 21, 2025

Invasive candidiasis represents a major global health concern, with incidence and mortality rates expected to rise due medical advancements unavoidable risk factors. This retrospective, multicentric study was conducted in eight hospitals northeastern Italian region, enrolling adult patients diagnosed candidemia from 1 January 2018 31 December 2022. Epidemiological trends clinical characteristics were analyzed compared those prior regional (2009–2011), allowing fourteen-year comparative evaluation. A shift species distribution observed, decline Candida albicans (from 65.7% 57.8%) non-albicans species, particularly the parapsilosis complex 16.1% 18.2%). Guideline adherence assessed applying EQUAL score; scores ≥ than 11.5 independently associated improved in-hospital survival (HR 3.51, p < 0.001). Among individual score components, empiric echinocandin therapy central venous catheter removal correlated better outcomes. Centers routine infectious disease (ID) consultations showed higher adherence, reinforcing value of specialist involvement. These findings support local epidemiological management practice surveillance program adoption address context-specific gaps, promote best practices BSI management—as expanded ID education programs—and, ultimately, reduce candidemia-related rates.

Язык: Английский

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Candida vulturna, the Next Fungal Menace? A Narrative Review

Mycoses, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 68(5)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Introduction The yeast Candida vulturna is a member of the haemulonii species complex, like its close relative auris . Members this including C. , often display reduced susceptibility to one or more antifungal classes. Human invasive infections by are increasingly reported in various countries, while first identification fungus, isolated from flower, occurred less than 10 years ago. purpose review compile all outbreaks and cases describe characteristics emerging yeast. Methods PubMed, Scopus, Web Science Google Scholar were reviewed for publications until April 14, 2025. Records English found using keyword (Candidozyma) included if infections. Results All 94 exclusively last years, Asian Latin American countries three Brazil, Vietnam China. Patients displayed diverse clinical with an overall low mortality rate 18%. Most studies ( n = 11) performed testing (AFST) microbroth dilution methods azoles amphotericin B. ERG11 P135S mutation was shown confer azole resistance, although mechanism behind B resistance has not been uncovered. Identification MALDI‐ToF routinely misidentified as pseudohaemulonii duobushaemulonii leaving molecular ITS sequencing whole genome only available accurate determination. Conclusion Although still rare yeast, tropical regions. outbreak potential, addition Treatment echinocandins showed favourable outcomes rate.

Язык: Английский

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Management of invasive candidiasis in French ICUs: insights from a 2024 nationwide survey

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 22, 2025

Язык: Английский

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