International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(7), С. 2969 - 2969

Опубликована: Март 25, 2025

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an innovative treatment that has recently been approved for clinical use and holds promise cancer patients. It offers several benefits, such as low systemic toxicity, minimal invasiveness, the ability to stimulate antitumor immune responses. For certain types of cancer, it shown positive results with few side effects. However, PDT still faces some challenges, including limited light penetration into deeper tumor tissues, uneven distribution photosensitizer (PS) can also affect healthy cells, difficulties posed by hypoxic microenvironment (TME). In conditions, PDT's effectiveness reduced due insufficient production reactive oxygen species, which limits destruction lead relapse. This review highlights recent advances in photosensitizers nanotechnologies are being developed improve PDT. focuses on multifunctional nanoplatforms nanoshuttles have preclinical studies, especially treating solid tumors. One key areas focus development PSs specifically target mitochondria treat deep-seated malignant New mitochondria-targeting nano-PSs designed better water solubility extended wavelength ranges, allowing them tumors more effectively, even challenging, environments. These advancements opening new doors treatment, when combined other therapeutic strategies. Moving forward, research should optimizing PDT, creating efficient drug delivery systems, developing smarter platforms. Ultimately, these efforts aim make a first-choice option

Язык: Английский