Implications of spatial and seasonal air pollution patterns, socioeconomic disparities, and 15-minute communities for achieving WHO air quality guidelines

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2025

Abstract Achieving WHO air pollution guidelines is critical to reduce the health burden of pollution, which disproportionately affects socioeconomically disadvantaged populations and varies by sector, spatial distribution, seasonal trends. This study explores implications sectorial spatial-seasonal patterns, socio-economic disparities, 15-minute communities achieve (2021) quality for PM 2.5 NO 2 . The analyses spatial-temporal patterns in Belgium. Seasonal exposure assessed through summer-to-winter ratios, stratified land cover, urbanisation, proximity roads, linked disparities using LOESS regression. A case evaluates mitigation potential traffic-related leveraging Mobiscore tool explore relationship between accessibility car ownership, a proxy emissions. show marked variations, with higher concentration ratios summer near busy roads urban centres, especially In general pattern more heterogenous compared pattern. Winter significantly hampers meeting targets, although levels remain high around major traffic routes. observed NO₂ highlight significant inequalities, most deprived burdened pollution. results from our case-study mitigate demonstrate that, up 8.0, ownership remains constant increasing availability services public transport. From turning point ownerships starts drop significantly, indicating that improving Mobiscores very scores ( > = 8.0) may lead reduced lower emissions exposure. Our highlights important their implications, emphasizing need season-specific structural interventions meet on mitigating identifies threshold where sufficient transport service reduction ownership. Addressing crucial, as these areas often face greater challenges guidelines, particularly NO₂.

Язык: Английский

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Increased Rhinovirus Replication Following Corticosteroid and Air Pollution Exposures

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 281, С. 121970 - 121970

Опубликована: Май 26, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Types of Air Pollutants

˜The œhandbook of environmental chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The effects of weather and mobility on respiratory viruses dynamics before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA and Canada

PLOS Digital Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2(12), С. e0000405 - e0000405

Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2023

The flu season is caused by a combination of different pathogens, including influenza viruses (IVS), that cause the flu, and non-influenza respiratory (NIRVs), common colds or influenza-like illness. These exhibit similar dynamics meteorological conditions have historically been regarded as principal modulator their epidemiology, with outbreaks in winter almost no circulation during summer, temperate regions. However, after emergence SARS-CoV2, late 2019, these were strongly perturbed worldwide: some infections displayed near-eradication, while others experienced temporal shifts occurred "off-season". This disruption raised questions regarding dominant role weather also providing an unique opportunity to investigate roles determinants on epidemiological IVs NIRVs. Here, we employ statistical analysis modelling test effects mobility viral dynamics, before COVID-19 pandemic. Leveraging surveillance data several viruses, from Canada USA, 2016 2023, found whereas pre-COVID-19 pandemic period, had strong effect, period effect was reduced played more relevant role. results, together previous studies, indicate behavioral changes resulting non-pharmacological interventions implemented control interfered other past dynamical equilibrium disturbed, perhaps permanently altered,

Язык: Английский

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Air pollution exposure, SARS-CoV-2 infection, and immune response in a cohort of healthcare workers of a large university hospital in Milan, Italy

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 236, С. 116755 - 116755

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2023

Several studies have examined the possible relationship between air pollutants and risk of COVID-19 but most returned controversial findings. We tried to assess association (short- long-term) exposure particulate gaseous pollutants, SARS-CoV-2 infections, immune response in a population healthcare workers (HCWs) with well-characterized individual data. collected occupational clinical characteristics all HCWs who performed nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) for detecting at Policlinico Hospital Milan (Lombardy, Italy) February 24, 2020 (day after first documented case our hospital) December 26, before start vaccination campaign). Each subject was assigned daily average levels matter ≤10 μm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) retrieved from quality monitoring station closest his/her residential address. Air pollution data were treated as time-dependent variables, generating person-days risk. Multivariate Poisson regression models fit evaluate rate positive NPS antibody titer among NPS-positive HCWs. Among 3712 included HCWs, 635 (17.1%) had least one NPS. A 10 μg/m3 increase NO2 concentration four days preceding associated higher testing [Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) = 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01; 1.16)]. When considering 1 2019 annual average, we observed infection (IRR: 1.02, 95%CI: 1.00; 1.03) an increased (+2.4%, 1.1; 3.6%). Findings on PM10 O3 less consistent and, differently NO2, not confirmed multipollutant models. Our study increases body evidence suggesting active role confirms importance implementing reduction policies improve public health.

Язык: Английский

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Old foes following news ways? - Pandemic-related changes in the epidemiology of viral respiratory tract infections

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 30, 2023

Abstract Introduction Following lockdown periods and restricting public health measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory tract infections (RTIs) rose significantly worldwide. This led an increased burden on children's hospitals compromising medical care of acutely chronically ill children. We characterized changes epidemiological pattern circulating viral infections. Methods assessed number patients with RTIs annual distribution virus detections between 2019 2022 based 4809 clinical samples (4131 patients) from a German pediatric tertiary care-center. investigated impact spectra viruses, coinfections, age, seasonality Results A fourfold increase was observed vs numbers doubling (vs 2021). In 2022, seasonal patterns circulation were less pronounced appeared have disappeared for Rhino/Enterovirus. SARS-CoV-2, Parainfluenza- human Metapneumovirus (2019 p < 0.01). Coinfections multiple viruses occurred more frequently since 2021 compared pre-pandemic years, especially younger children Conclusion Compared we dramatic incrementing spectrum predominance Rhino/Enterovirus – leading high rate hospital admissions, particularly conjunction other viruses. caused acute shortage may also be followed by virus-triggered secondary chronic diseases like asthma - rendering system.

Язык: Английский

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Interconnectedness of digital health, climate change and respiratory care: navigating an environmentally sustainable path forward

European Respiratory Society eBooks, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. 142 - 159

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2023

Язык: Английский

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ERS International Congress 2023: highlights from the Respiratory Infections Assembly

ERJ Open Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(3), С. 00880 - 2023

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2023

The 2023 European Respiratory Society Congress took place on a hybrid platform, with participants joining online and in-person in Milan, Italy. congress welcomed over 20 000 attendees, bringing together exciting updates respiratory science medicine from around the world. In this article, early career members of Assembly 10 (Respiratory Infections) summarise selection sessions across broad range topics, including presentations bronchiectasis, nontuberculous mycobacteria, tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis coronavirus disease 2019.

Язык: Английский

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Wheezing Episodes in Children Before and After the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brussels

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024

Abstract Purpose: Studies have demonstrated important changes in the seasonality of pediatric respiratory illnesses since onset COVID-19 pandemic. The aim this study was to describe epidemiology childhood wheezing episodes before and after start pandemic relation their potentially associated environmental triggers. Methods: Files all children treated with salbutamol for a episode September October 2019, 2020 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Infection epidemiology, daily concentrations air pollutants (NO 2 , O 3, PM 10 2.5 ) fungal spores collected over same time period. Results: In 2021, 298 observed compared 111 86 2019 (p<0.001). Compared significantly older (p<0.001), less likely history recurrent (p<0.001) required hospitalization (p=0.034). Adenovirus SARS-CoV-2 more prevalent as concentration 3 higher both while NO airborne lower (p<0.0001). Conclusion: A threefold increase autumn post-COVID (2021) pre-COVID (2019) together significant some viruses most pollutants. We hypothesize that abnormal surge may be related release restrictions rapid spread who exposed high levels pollution.

Язык: Английский

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Association between air pollution, meteorological factors and hand, foot, and mouth disease incidence in Zhejiang Province: A Bayesian spatio-temporal modelling study

Atmospheric Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 336, С. 120745 - 120745

Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2024

Temperature and humidity are known to influence seasonal patterns of hand, foot mouth disease (HFMD) transmission. However, the effect air pollution climate-air interaction on intensity HFMD epidemics is poorly understood. This study aims quantify exposure-response effects risk by level meteorological indicators in Zhejiang Province. A spatiotemporal Bayesian hierarchical model was used determine association between pollution, factors relative (RR) HFMD. The fitted monthly case data for 92 counties Province January 2013, December 2021. We assessed both linear pollutants HFMD, modification role extreme weather conditions nonlinear pollutant-HFMD association. 10 μg/m³ increase PM10 NO2 concentration raised 6.6% (RR = 1.066, 95% CI: 1.042, 1.092) 20.8% 1.208, 1.162, 1.256) respectively. negatively associated with O3 0.980, 0.968, 0.993), SO2 0.820, 0.776, 0.868) CO 0.770, 0.621, 0.956). Temperature, humidity, precipitation positively interacted most while wind speed had a negative effect. In higher temperature conditions, increased. Elevated levels amplified PM10, as did concentrations within certain range. Heavy rainfall intensified SO2, CO. Results this showed that incidence, different climate playing various roles associations primarily leading increased under conditions. These findings provide theoretical basis personal protection government prevention control measures.

Язык: Английский

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