Animals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(20), С. 2919 - 2919
Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2024
Clostridial infections in cattle are a significant concern for Brazilian livestock. These diseases caused by various species of
Язык: Английский
Animals, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1), С. 79 - 79
Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025
Salmonella is diffused worldwide, and enterica subsp. spread worldwide with many serovars associated the infection of domestic bovines. The most are S. Dublin, Typhimurium Infantis. Napoli is, however very rarely reported in ruminants. Here, we report an outbreak on a dairy cow farm Northern Italy (Piacenza). A total 18 isolates were recovered from aborted fetuses, feces, tissues environmental samples. Whole genome sequencing suggested that all belonged to same cluster. After application stringent biocontainment biosecurity measures, no further cases reported. However, four months after first case, serovar was still isolated samples, underlying importance adopting correct measures order prevent circulation transmission within farm.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20(1), С. e0318007 - e0318007
Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025
Salmonella Dublin is a serovar that causes severe infections and cattle. Despite the importance of this agent, research on achieving its elimination from dairy farms limited, which complicates risk mitigation control efforts. This study thus aimed to assess prevalence S . farm with history outbreaks, understand dynamics infection, characterize antimicrobial resistance isolates, evaluate their genetic similarity. Multiparous cows in postpartum phase are nearly five times more likely shed sp. A total 39 cases fatal septicemic salmonellosis caused by were confirmed calves aged 3–5 months. Antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated 45 strains Dublin, 48.9% isolates classified as multidrug resistant, including penicillin (48.9%), tetracyclines (42.2%), fluoroquinolones (33.3%). Seven multidrug-resistant selected for genomic sequencing. Among determinants identified, mutation gyrA gene, present all sequenced notable. Analyses cgMLST SNPs revealed healthy animals closely related those found confirming agent circulating among across various categories. high similarity also between causing humans Brazil, reinforcing zoonotic nature possible epidemiological link cattle, occurrence disease humans.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14
Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025
Introduction Viral calf diarrhea poses a significant challenge to the cattle industry worldwide due its high morbidity and mortality rates, leading substantial economic losses. The clinical symptoms associated with various pathogens often overlap, complicating accurate diagnosis; thus, there is an urgent need for rapid precise diagnostic methods improve prevention treatment efforts. In this study, we developed one-step multiplex reverse-transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (mRT-qPCR) that enables simultaneous detection of three key viral responsible diarrhea: bovine kobuvirus (BKoV), astrovirus (BoAstV), torovirus (BToV). However, development distinguish these viruses helpful early detection, disease surveillance, control diarrhea. Methods Specific primers minor groove binder (MGB)-based probes were designed targeting 3D region BKoV, ORF1 BoAstV, N BToV. sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility ability evaluated mRT-qPCR. Further, 80 fecal samples subjected mRT-qPCR, results verified using conventional PCR (RT-PCR) or sequencing methods. Results This novel method demonstrated sensitivity specificity,achieving limit 24 copies/mL each pathogen. Furthermore, assay exhibited excellent reproducibility, coefficients variation below 1.5%, strong linear correlation (R 2 > 0.996), amplification efficiency between 90% 110%. Validation from both diarrheic non-diarrheic across four farms in Shanghai showed degree concordance RT-PCR, positive rates BToV at 28.75%, 8.75%, 3.75%, respectively, highlighting predominance BKoV BoAstV. Notably, study represents first identification region. Discussion mRT-qPCR robust, rapid, simple tool identifying diarrhea, facilitating effective measures are vital future sustainability industry.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
PubMed, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1), С. 11 - 18
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
This study was conducted in West Azerbaijan province, Iran (37°27'18.022" N, 45°0'0" E) to investigate the genotyping and phylogenetic characterization of Mannheimia haemolytica cattle buffaloes from November 2022 January 2024. is a bacterium known cause pasteurellosis pneumonia, respiratory disease ruminants, such as sheep. one main causes economic losses feedlot industry. In addition deaths, treatment costs are also significant. The lung nasal swab samples were collected 378 buffaloes. M. detected 32 (8.46%) samples, with notably higher isolation rate tissue (56.25%; n = 18) compared swabs (43.75%; 14). Interestingly, revealed seasonal pattern, highest rates observed during January, February, March. Multi-locus sequence typing demonstrated that all isolates belonged type 1 (ST1) within clonal complex 28. finding consistent global prevalence ST1 bovine isolates, indicating widespread distribution. Phylogenetic analysis strong correlation between STs 30 54, highlighting among ruminants Azerbaijan, Iran. Further research needed its potential for causing transmission pattern.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
CABI Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Март 26, 2025
Abstract Mycoplasma bovis infections in cattle constitute a worldwide problem with significant detrimental economic impacts on industry. Mastitis, pneumonia, arthritis, keratoconjunctivitis, otitis media and genital disorders are its clinical manifestations. Presently, no vaccines commercially available; antimicrobial resistance is increasing; diagnostic sensitivity testing needs to be improved; new rapid diagnosis kits eminent for implementation of treatment antimicrobials. We conducted systematic search databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, Google Scholar, AGRIS African Journals Online (AJOL), from 1995 2024. Searched keywords, as, bovis, M : vaccine development, techniques strain variability using the predefined criteria were used address review objectives. Although they have preventative function, – killed, live attenuated, subunit types face difficulties because M. strains vary widely. Every approach has own set benefits drawbacks, those that been studies include conventional culture identification, serological testing, immunohistochemical demonstration tissues, sophisticated molecular like PCR, qPCR, next-generation sequencing. For early detection, successful treatment, vaccination efficacy monitoring, accurate crucial. Future directions managing -associated diseases improving accessibility creating broad-spectrum vaccinations. By incorporating these developments, it may possible enhance health cattle, promote sustainability livestock production, increase food security. This points urgent need further research innovation advancement support
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Cogent Food & Agriculture, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(1)
Опубликована: Май 9, 2024
Bovine coronavirus (BCoV), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), viral diarrhea (BVDV), and rotavirus (BRV) are common infections in dairy calves, resulting significant economic losses the industry. BCoV causes severe disease, with transmission primarily occurring through fecal-oral routes, respectively. BRSV acute tract is transmitted via direct contact aerosol droplets. BVDV induces diarrhea, infections, decreases weight gain. BRV poses a global threat to sector, causing high mortality neonatal calves. This highly contagious results for farmers owing reduced gain, treatment costs, calf fatalities. BRV, affecting 1–3-week-old caused by serogroup A rotaviruses, constituting 95% of cases. Its resistance disinfectants, infectivity, persistence make it formidable infectious agent. The diagnosis these involves combination clinical signs, laboratory testing, epidemiological investigations. Diagnostic methods, including immunological tests, culture, PCR, serology, assist pathogens. includes supportive care antibiotics secondary bacterial infections. Prevention control strategies encompass early colostrum feeding, vaccination, proper housing, management practices, along biosecurity measures rigorous hygiene practices minimize their impact on health industry can prevent implementing appropriate using effective vaccines animal health, welfare, productivity. Further research needed better understand epidemiology characterization
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Опубликована: Май 21, 2024
Clostridial infections in cattle are a significant concern for Brazilian livestock. These diseases caused by various species of Clostridium, which known their ability to produce potent toxins. Botulism is serious and often fatal condition the ingestion neurotoxins produced C. botulinum. This bacterium thrives decomposing organic matter, such as spoiled feed, carcasses, contaminated water. Tetanus while less common, tetanus disease following contamination wounds with Clostridium tetani spores. It results muscle stiffness, spasms, death due respiratory failure. Blackleg (C. chauvoei) this primarily affects young cattle, leading acute lameness, swelling, high fever. Malignant edema septicum others) characterized rapid onset swelling at wound sites, malignant can occur after injuries or surgical procedures. Enterotoxemia triggered growth perfringens gut excessive carbohydrate intake. leads toxin production that causing sudden death. In conclusion, clostridial bovine remain persistent challenge farmers. With continued focus on vaccination, good management practices, research, impact these be minimized, safeguarding livestock industry's economic viability.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Animals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(19), С. 2775 - 2775
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2024
Salmonellosis in dairy cattle represents an increasing problem for both animal and public health. Nevertheless, Italy, there is no control plan place on farms. The aim of this study was to describe a Salmonella Bredeney outbreak that occurred farm the measures were adopted outbreak. Management consisted identifying spread infection assessing environmental contamination spp. associated risk factors. After visit, laboratory investigations showed 48% rectal swabs collected from calves 33% samples positive S. Bredeney, poor biosecurity level detected. farmer practitioner provided with health management spp., followed by monitoring period follow-up visit which all resulted negative. results demonstrated efficacy indirect prophylaxis reducing circulation leading extinction Collaboration farmers, practitioners, veterinarians introduction reported constitute possible model outbreaks herds, even complex situations.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Pakistan Veterinary Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Pneumonic pasteurellosis (PP) is defined as one of the pivotal infectious diseases caused by Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica.This study aimed to determine levels Bcl-2-associated protein X (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), caspase-3, autophagy related-5 (Atg5), beclin-1 receptor interacting protein-3 (RIP3) in lung tissues with naturally infected PP P. M. haemolytica, reveal their effects on pathogenesis haemolytica pneumonia.The material consisted 150 fibrinous pneumonia/pleuropneumonia 10 healthy tissue samples.Relevant samples were examined histopathological, immunohistochemical real-time PCR methods.Immunohistochemically, 23 (15.3%) positive for multocida, 17 (11.3%)were haemolytica.Subsequently, processes apoptosis, necroptosis evaluated PCR.P. pneumonia increased Bax, Caspase-3, Atg5, Beclin-1, RIP3 gene expressions (4.2, 3.8, 2.9, 2.1, 2.8-fold, respectively), whereas Bcl-2 expression was decreased (0.22-fold).While (2.3, 1.9, 1.7, 1.2, 4.2-fold, it observed that reduced (0.52-fold).The results obtained revealed importance necroptosis, apoptosis contributed literature.In addition, we found play a more active role process plays haemolytica.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0