Heterogeneity and molecular landscape of melanoma: implications for targeted therapy

Molecular Biomedicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Май 10, 2024

Abstract Uveal cancer (UM) offers a complex molecular landscape characterized by substantial heterogeneity, both on the genetic and epigenetic levels. This heterogeneity plays critical position in shaping behavior response to therapy for this uncommon ocular malignancy. Targeted treatments with gene-specific therapeutic molecules may prove useful overcoming radiation resistance, however, diverse makeups of UM call patient-specific approach procedures. We need understand intricate develop targeted customized each patient's specific mutations. One promising approaches is using liquid biopsies, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) DNA (ctDNA), detecting monitoring disease at early stages. These non-invasive methods can help us identify most effective treatment strategies patient. Single-cellular brand-new analysis platform that gives treasured insights into diagnosis, prognosis, remedy. The incorporation data known clinical genomics information will give better understanding complicated mechanisms diseases exploit. In review, we focused panorama UM, achieve goal, authors conducted an exhaustive literature evaluation spanning 1998 2023, keywords like "uveal melanoma, “heterogeneity”. “Targeted therapies”," "CTCs," "single-cellular analysis".

Язык: Английский

The multifaceted role of phosphodiesterase 4 in tumor: from tumorigenesis to immunotherapy

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is an enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP and has a critical role in regulation of variety cellular functions. In recent years, PDE4 attracted great interest cancer research, its tumorigenesis development been gradually elucidated. Research indicates abnormal expression or heightened activity associated with initiation progression multiple cancers, including lung, colorectal, hematological by facilitating cell proliferation, migration, invasion, anti-apoptosis. Moreover, also influences tumor immune microenvironment, significantly evasion suppressing anti-tumor responses, reducing T-cell activation, promoting polarization tumor-associated macrophages toward pro-tumorigenic phenotype. However, family may have both oncogenic tumor-suppressive effects, which could depend on specific type grade tumor. inhibitors garnered substantial as potential anti-cancer therapeutics, directly inhibiting growth restoring surveillance capabilities to enhance clearance cells. Several are currently under investigation aim exploring their therapy, particularly combination strategies checkpoint inhibitors, improve therapeutic efficacy mitigate side effects conventional chemotherapy. This review provides overview tumorigenesis, drug resistance, immunotherapy, actions intending guide exploration new target therapy.

Язык: Английский

Neuron-Specific Gene Family Member 1 is a Potential New Therapeutic Target Associated with Immune Cell Infiltration for Breast Cancer

Breast Cancer Targets and Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер Volume 16, С. 769 - 783

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common and highly morphologically molecularly heterogeneous. Neuron-specific gene family member 1 (NSG1) a small single-channel transmembrane protein that consists of 185 amino acids has been reported in variety tumours recent years. However, role NSG1 BC unclear.

Язык: Английский