Incivility or Invalidity? Evaluating Perspective API Scores as a Measure of Political Incivility

American Politics Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2025

Adopting toxicity scores produced by Google’s Perspective API has become perhaps the most popular approach to estimating prevalence of incivility and in online communication. However, existing scholarship often overlooked imbalanced nature when evaluating performance scores, leading an overestimation their effectiveness. In this research note, we demonstrate that once imbalance is considered, perform poorly accurately identifying incivility. We then propose a method leverages reduce manual coding needed for developing high-performing supervised learning classification model. Our findings indicate combining with approaches yields significantly better results

Язык: Английский

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Examining psychological correlates of vaccine hesitancy: a comparative study between the US and Israel

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

It is important to identify psychological correlates of vaccine hesitancy, including among people not from the United States (U.S.). College students were recruited between March-June 2023 in US (n = 330, M age 20.21, 79.5% female) and Israel 204, 23.45, 92.6% complete a cross-sectional survey on attitudes, emotions, behavior. A 2 (Nation: US, Israel) × (Vaccine Status: Vaccinated, Unvaccinated) factorial design was used. Individual ANCOVAS controlling for sociodemographic factors conducted test main effects nation status, their interaction, across various health Consistent with hypotheses, unvaccinated (vs. vaccinated) individuals reported higher perceived ambiguity, reactance, anger as well lower susceptibility, severity, worry, positive emotion, intentions vaccinate. Contrary greater fear. Israeli American) participants fear, anger, susceptibility. Vaccinated Americans vaccinate again future (M 2.89, SE 0.08) compared vaccinated Israelis 2.36, 0.08). However, 1.80, 0.15) than 1.95, 0.21). Findings provide insight into target promotion emphasize need cultural tailoring.

Язык: Английский

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Examining the association between social media fatigue, cognitive ability, narcissism and misinformation sharing: cross-national evidence from eight countries

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2023

Abstract Several studies have explored the causes and consequences of public engagement with misinformation and, more recently, COVID-19 misinformation. However, there is still a need to understand mechanisms that cause propagation on social media. In addition, evidence from non-Western societies remains rare. This study reports survey eight countries examine whether media fatigue can influence users believe misinformation, influencing their sharing intentions. Our insights also build prior cognitive personality literature by exploring how this mechanism conditional upon users’ ability narcissism traits. The results suggest false beliefs which translates into We find those high levels are less likely share low most due fatigue. one first provide cross-national comparative highlighting adverse effects establishing relationship not universal but dependent both dark traits individuals.

Язык: Английский

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Not All Conservatives Are Vaccine Hesitant: Examining the Influence of Misinformation Exposure, Political Ideology, and Flu Vaccine Acceptance on COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(3), С. 586 - 586

Опубликована: Март 3, 2023

Despite the mass availability of COVID-19 vaccines in United States, many Americans are still reluctant to take a vaccine as an outcome from exposure misinformation. Additionally, while scholars have paid attention hesitancy, influence general hesitancy for important viruses such flu has largely been ignored. Using nationally representative data Pew Research Center’s American Trends Panel survey (Wave 79), this study examined relationship between perceived misinformation exposure, acceptance, political ideology, and demographic trends. The findings suggest that those who accepted were less likely be vaccine-hesitant. In addition, moderation analyses showed increases conservatives moderates but not liberals. However, influences among only if they also Perceived no role individuals (irrespective ideology) regular with their vaccine. results effect on negative attitudes toward may associated generalized (e.g., flu). practical theoretical implications discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Changing landscape of fake news research on social media: a bibliometric analysis

Quality & Quantity, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Infodemic Versus Viral Information Spread: Key Differences and Open Challenges

JMIR Infodemiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5, С. e57455 - e57455

Опубликована: Май 7, 2025

Abstract As we move beyond the COVID-19 pandemic, risk of future infodemics remains significant, driven by emerging health crises and increasing influence artificial intelligence in information ecosystem. During periods apparent stability, proactive efforts to advance infodemiology are essential for enhancing preparedness improving public outcomes. This requires a thorough examination foundations this evolving discipline, particularly understanding how accurately identify an infodemic at appropriate time scale, distinguish it from other processes viral spread, both within outside realm health. In paper, integrate expertise data science examine key differences between production during spread. We explore clear subtle distinctions, including context contingency (ie, association spread with crisis); dynamics terms volume, predictability; role misinformation voids; societal impact; mitigation strategies. By analyzing these differences, highlight challenges open questions. These include whether is solely associated pandemics or could arise emergencies; if limited health-related issues they emerge initially unrelated (like climate events); exclusively global phenomena can occur on national local scales. Finally, propose directions quantitative research help scientific community more robustly differentiate develop tailored management

Язык: Английский

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A longitudinal study of the top 1% toxic Twitter profiles

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023

Toxicity is endemic to online social networks including Twitter. It follows a Pareto like distribution where most of the toxicity generated by very small number profiles and as such, analyzing characterizing these toxic critical. Prior research has largely focused on sporadic, event centric content characterize platform. Instead, we approach problem from profile point view. We study 143K Twitter focus behavior top 1 percent producers Twitter, based scores their tweets availed Perspective API. With total 293M tweets, spanning 16 years activity, longitudinal data allow us reconstruct timelines all involved. use gauge compared rest population. pattern tweet posting highly accounts, frequency how prolific they are, nature hashtags URLs, metadata, Botometer scores. find that post coherent well articulated content, keep narrow theme with lower diversity in hashtags, domains, are thematically similar each other, have high likelihood bot behavior, likely progenitors intentions influence, fake followers score. Our work contributes insight into establishes investigate be beneficial.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19-Related Stressors and Psychophysical Health Conditions among Italian University Students: A Post Pandemic Insight

Healthcare, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(7), С. 752 - 752

Опубликована: Март 29, 2024

The COVID-19 medical emergency has ended worldwide, yet the psychological impact of these years unprecedented changes on students' lives still needs to be deepened. This study aims assess and compare COVID-19-related stressors (relationships academic life; isolation; fear contagion) psychophysical symptoms reported by 637 university students at three times, i.e., April 2020 (n = 197), 2021 200), 2022 240). within each time was also tested. In 2022, perceived isolation contagion decreased from peak registered in 2021, but stress related relationships life remained high. An ongoing increase found. More than 50% clinical levels sleep disorders, depression, psychoticism, interpersonal sensitivity. perceiving were risk for anxiety, somatization, disorders. Students obsessive-compulsive symptoms, psychoticism. findings emphasized long-lasting effects health. Interventions must aim supporting dealing with complex post-pandemic adjustment process.

Язык: Английский

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When Patient Rudeness Impacts Care: A Review of Incivility in Healthcare

Cureus, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2023

Healthcare workers increasingly face incivility and rude behaviors from patients, families, visitors. Although these are less severe than other types of mistreatment, studies have documented that they may still impact healthcare worker well-being patient care. Defining measuring can be challenging because current research relies on the perceptions targets. Furthermore, there is often overlap among different much it goes unreported by those who experience it. Nevertheless, multiple common in has been associated with burnout intent to leave. In clinical settings, consequences for care documented, including adverse diagnostic intervention performance teams, as well team processes. One theory incidents divert cognitive resources away experiences interfere higher-order reasoning. limited performed areas prevention, response incivility, best practices ameliorating effects some promising interventions reported literature.

Язык: Английский

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Use of Machine Learning Tools in Evidence Synthesis of Tobacco Use among Sexual and Gender Diverse Populations (Preprint)

JMIR Formative Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8, С. e49031 - e49031

Опубликована: Дек. 29, 2023

From 2016 to 2021, the volume of peer-reviewed publications related tobacco has experienced a significant increase. This presents considerable challenge in efficiently summarizing, synthesizing, and disseminating research findings, especially when it comes addressing specific target populations, such as LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, Two Spirit, other persons who identify part this community) populations.

Язык: Английский

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