The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
109(12), С. 3011 - 3026
Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2024
Abstract
Cardiovascular
disease
(CVD)
is
a
major
cause
of
morbidity
and
mortality
in
persons
with
type
1
diabetes
(T1D).
Despite
control
known
cardiovascular
(CV)
risk
factors
better
glycemic
management,
T1D
still
face
heightened
CVD
risk,
suggesting
additional
contributing
factors.
Sleep
has
recently
been
recognized
as
CV
factor;
however;
the
role
sleep
specifically
population
only
started
to
emerge.
Extensive
evidence
suggests
that
often
encounter
disturbances.
This
review
aims
comprehensively
explore
relationship
between
disturbances
T1D,
proposed
possible
mediators
including
control,
which
studied
more
extensively,
less
such
blood
pressure,
lipid
metabolism,
weight
management.
Stress
self-care
behaviors
likely
also
play
CVD.
The
regarding
interventions
context
mitigating
these
shown
early,
small-scale
studies.
assessments
should
be
part
standard
care
T1D.
Further
research
focus
on
understanding
impact
mechanistic
pathways
developing
T1D-specific
reduce
burden
this
population.
Journal of Brown Hospital Medicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
4(2)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM)
is
a
prevalent
chronic
condition
with
significant
morbidity
and
mortality,
largely
due
to
its
vascular
complications.
The
emergence
of
novel
pharmacological
agents,
particularly
glucagon-like
peptide-1
receptor
agonists
(GLP-1RAs),
has
revolutionized
T2DM
management
by
addressing
glycemic
control
comorbidities
such
as
cardiovascular
renal
diseases.
Traditionally,
GLP-1RAs
require
subcutaneous
injection,
presenting
challenges
in
patient
adherence
limiting
combination
therapy
options.
Recent
advancements
have
introduced
orally
available
small-molecule
GLP-1RAs,
which
retain
the
physiological
benefits
peptide-based
promoting
insulin
secretion,
reducing
appetite,
improving
weight
loss.
These
small
molecules
offer
enhanced
tissue
permeability,
extended
half-lives,
potential
for
fixed-dose
combinations,
limitations
injectable
formulations.
This
review
explores
preclinical
clinical
progress
highlighting
their
redefine
care
convenience,
adherence,
accessibility
patients.
Frontiers in Oncology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025
Studies
have
shown
some
tyrosine
kinase
inhibitors
(TKIs)
can
influence
glucose
metabolism
leading
to
either
hypoglycemia
or
hyperglycemia
which
is
reversable
in
most
patients
after
treatment
cessation.
Anlotinib
a
novel
oral
multi-target
inhibitor
(TKI)
has
been
approved
for
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
China.
Previous
studies
of
anlotinib
did
not
report
it
any
side
effect
on
blood
glucose,
and
there
no
case
reporting
type
1
diabetes
associated
with
TKI.
The
present
study,
our
knowledge,
was
the
first
an
81-year-old
man
who
developed
following
14
cycles
fasting
plasma
hemoglobinA1c
(HbA1c)
24.3mmol/L
9.0%,
respectively,
GADA
(glutamic
acid
decarboxylase
antibody)
more
than
2000IU/ml
(normal
range
less
10IU/ml)
when
he
diagnosed.
We
also
conducted
literature
review
explore
potential
mechanism
inducing
recommend
that
self-monitoring
(SMBG)
random
postprandial
at
least
once
week
needed
early
identification
dysregulation
using
TKI
drugs,
monthly
monitoring
HbA1c
test
every
3
months
recommended
if
SMBG
protocol
cannot
be
completed.
Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025
Purpose
of
review
As
the
prevalence
diabetes
mellitus
(DM)
increases
due
to
urbanization,
aging
populations,
and
lifestyle
changes,
it
is
crucial
understand
mechanisms,
diagnosis,
treatment
diabetes-related
bone
disorders.
This
highlights
recent
advancements
in
field
explores
their
implications
for
clinical
practice
research.
Recent
findings
studies
have
elucidated
complex
interplay
between
health,
emphasizing
roles
advanced
glycation
end-products
(AGEs),
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
senescence,
molecular
signaling
pathways
such
as
Wnt,
mammalian
target
rapamycin
(mTOR),
exosome-mediated
mechanisms.
Key
highlight
significance
marrow
adipose
tissue
(BMAT)
metabolism
impact
sarcopenia
on
fracture
risk.
Novel
diagnostic
tools,
including
miRNA
biomarkers
emerging
therapeutic
strategies
like
exosome-based
therapies
glycogen
synthase
kinase
3
beta
(GSK3β)
inhibitors,
offer
promising
opportunities
improving
health
diabetic
patients.
Summary
The
underscore
need
integrated
managing
complications.
Clinicians
should
prioritize
early
screening,
interventions,
personalized
pharmacological
treatments
mitigate
risk
improve
Future
research
focus
optimizing
tools
developing
targeted
address
unique
challenges
disorders
related
diabetes.
Diabetes
and
obstructive
sleep
apnoea
(OSA)
are
interconnected
chronic
conditions.
The
increasing
prevalence
of
obesity
drives
the
pathogenesis
these
interrelated
disorders.
OSA,
characterised
by
nocturnal
hypoxia
resulting
from
recurrent
episodes
upper
airway
obstruction
during
sleep,
is
common
in
individuals
with
type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM).
At
same
time,
T2DM
increases
risk
OSA
through
mechanisms
involving
obesity,
systemic
inflammation,
autonomic
dysfunction.
insulin
resistance,
impairs
glucose
tolerance,
worsens
glycaemic
control.
Management
strategies
should
involve
early
screening
for
vice
versa.
Continuous
positive
pressure
(CPAP)
therapy
improves
sensitivity
cardiovascular
outcomes,
though
its
impact
on
control
remains
inconsistent.
Emerging
evidence
suggests
that
newer
anti-obesity
medications
may
reduce
severity
alongside
improving
metabolic
parameters.
Future
research
focus
identifying
molecular
pathways
linking
diabetes,
evaluating
long-term
CPAP
benefits,
optimising
pharmacological
approaches
to
improve
outcomes
both
Type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM)
affects
bone
health,
increasing
the
risk
of
fracture
despite
normal
or
elevated
mineral
density
(BMD).
This
paradox
is
attributed
to
impaired
quality,
microarchitectural
defects
and
advanced
glycation
end-products-related
damage.
Additionally,
complications
diabetes,
such
as
neuropathy,
retinopathy
medication
side
effects,
contribute
increased
fall
risk.
Traditional
diagnostic
tools
like
dual-energy
X-ray
absorptiometry
Fracture
Risk
Assessment
Tool
→
often
fail
capture
these
caveats,
while
newer
techniques
trabecular
score
high-resolution
peripheral
quantitative
computed
tomography
offer
better
insights
but
remain
limited
by
accessibility.
Refining
assessment
models,
integrating
novel
imaging
adopting
tailored
management
strategies
are
crucial
mitigating
improving
skeletal
health
in
T2DM.
Abstract
We
report
a
case
of
19-year-old
male
with
type
1
diabetes
mellitus
(T1DM)
diagnosed
at
age
2
years,
childhood
growth
retardation,
and
multiple
admissions
for
diabetic
ketoacidosis,
presenting
hepatomegaly
elevated
liver
transaminase.
His
hemoglobin
A1c
(HbA1c)
was
13.1%
(reference
range,
<
5.7%).
Massive
without
splenomegaly
noted
accompanied
by
significant
enzyme
derangement,
lactatemia.
Extensive
viral,
serologic,
genetic,
metabolic
tests
to
identify
the
etiology
were
unrevealing.
A
biopsy
showed
microvesicular
macrovesicular
steatosis
periportal
lobular
inflammation
consistent
glycogenic
hepatopathy
(GH)
Mauriac
syndrome.
continuous
subcutaneous
insulin
infusion
therapy
initiated
gradually
titrated.
With
an
improvement
in
HbA1c
down
9.2%
over
9
months,
transaminase
levels
became
normalized.
The
current
includes
thorough
evaluation
causes
adult
T1DM
highlights
importance
glycemic
control
ameliorating
GH.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
109(12), С. 3011 - 3026
Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2024
Abstract
Cardiovascular
disease
(CVD)
is
a
major
cause
of
morbidity
and
mortality
in
persons
with
type
1
diabetes
(T1D).
Despite
control
known
cardiovascular
(CV)
risk
factors
better
glycemic
management,
T1D
still
face
heightened
CVD
risk,
suggesting
additional
contributing
factors.
Sleep
has
recently
been
recognized
as
CV
factor;
however;
the
role
sleep
specifically
population
only
started
to
emerge.
Extensive
evidence
suggests
that
often
encounter
disturbances.
This
review
aims
comprehensively
explore
relationship
between
disturbances
T1D,
proposed
possible
mediators
including
control,
which
studied
more
extensively,
less
such
blood
pressure,
lipid
metabolism,
weight
management.
Stress
self-care
behaviors
likely
also
play
CVD.
The
regarding
interventions
context
mitigating
these
shown
early,
small-scale
studies.
assessments
should
be
part
standard
care
T1D.
Further
research
focus
on
understanding
impact
mechanistic
pathways
developing
T1D-specific
reduce
burden
this
population.
