Post-traumatic stress disorder, diabetes mellitus, and alpha-lipoic acid

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine), Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(1), С. 82 - 94

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2025

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prognostic factor for the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), increases risk cardiometabolic pathologies and neurodegenerative diseases. At same time, T2DM MetS can also cause major neurosis-like psychiatric symptoms characteristic PTSD. Their influence manifested through negative effects on central nervous system, in particular Oxidative chronic low-grade inflammation play an important role pathophysiology PTSD, MetS, T2DM, making them main therapeutic targets. Targeted oxidative stress, mitochondrial metabolism disorders, use antioxidants, α-lipoic acid (ALA), positively affect not only course comorbidities but manifestations In vitro vivo studies have demonstrated that ALA modulates number pathways associated with stress. addition, results clinical trials confirm antioxidant mechanism action patients obesity, 1 2. The neuroprotective activity being actively studied proving promising as approach treatment PTSD Despite significant potential ALA, its application limited by several barriers. particular, lack standardized protocols, well detailed assessment effectiveness alone. pharmacokinetic profile remains limited, which one factors hinder use. this context, there are certain prospects transportation systems based nanoparticles, potentially solve these problems. technologies so­lid lipid nanoparticles such niosomes, liposomes, nanostructured carriers micelles provide possibility local or systemic ALA. However, further preclinical needed to definitively determine feasibility search was conducted Scopus, Science Direct (from Elsevier) PubMed, including MEDLINE databases. keywords used were “α-lipoic acid”, “post-traumatic disorder”, “diabetes mellitus”, “metabolic syndrome”. A manual bibliography publications identify study could be found during online search.

Язык: Английский

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Disorders of circadian rhythms of heart rate variability in diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy: mechanisms and consequences

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine), Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20(8), С. 549 - 558

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2025

Abnormalities in heart rate variability (HRV) may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease over next six years from 4 to 10 %. It is reported that probability stroke or cardiac death can be immediately reduced by chronobiologically assessing HRV and optimizing timed treatment efficacy. Physiological activities are under control autonomic nervous system. Damage nerves results dysfunction vascular dynamics, particularly neuropathy (CAN). Autonomic imbalance sympathetic (SNS) parasympathetic systems (PSNS) regulation function contributes metabolic abnormalities significant morbidity mortality for individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Misalignment circadian rhythms has been evidenced patients DM, there a close relationship between alterations neuroendocrine sleep architecture, clock oscillations, glucose metabolism, function, diurnal profiles blood pressure rate. Metabolic syndrome, hypertension, myocardial infarction, DM characterized increased SNS activity decreased PSNS activity. However, type 2 had decrease both explained which responsible CAN affects fibers. The purpose this review was discuss current state problem rhythm disorders, HRV. Particular attention paid factors diabetic CAN; insights into mechanisms excess associated pathogenesis possible pathogenic pathways binding atherosclerosis progression; genetic epigenetic HRV; disorders. search conducted Scopus, Science Direct (from Else­vier), PubMed, including MEDLINE databases. keywords used were mellitus, neuropathy, rhythms, variability. A manual bibliography publications identify study could not found during online search.

Язык: Английский

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Vitamin B6, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine), Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(1), С. 66 - 76

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2025

Vitamin B6 is a broad term for six water-soluble vitamins that can change forms. These include pyridoxal, pyridoxine, pyridoxamine, and their 5-phosphorylated forms, which are pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP), pyridoxine 5’-phosphate, pyridoxamine 5’-phosphate. PLP the biologically active form of vitamin B6. It works as coenzyme in many enzymatic processes speed up body’s most important metabolic reactions, including synthesis, conversion degradation amines amino acids, supply one-carbon units, transsulfuration, synthesis tetrapyrrole compounds polyamines. also has big impact on metabolism homocysteine biosynthesis different neurotransmitters. inhibits production reactive oxygen species advanced glycation end products, genotoxic linked to aging diabetes mellitus (DM), so it an antioxidant. In addition, functions modulator transcription factors, affects activity number enzymes, bind steroid hormone receptors, playing role membrane transport. Researchers have reported patients with type 2 DM cardiovascular disease (CVD) exhibit lower levels B6, whereas taking supplements lowers risk its vascular complications. We still don’t fully understand mechanisms underlying relationship between DM. Instead, growing body evidence suggests may protect against complications through scavenger species. deficiency been clinically significant diseases, autism, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s epilepsy, Down syndrome, DM, cancer, although remain largely unclear. The purpose this review was discuss specifics CVD mellitus, well analyze new trends directions future research. analysis focused biological tryptophan metabolism, correlation CVD, diabetes, DNA damage diabetes. search conducted Scopus, Science Direct (from Elsevier) PubMed, MEDLINE databases. keywords used were “vitamin B6”, “cardiovascular disease”, “diabetes mellitus”. A manual bibliography publications identify study results could not be found during online search.

Язык: Английский

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Post-traumatic stress disorder, metabolic syndrome, diabetic distress, and vitamin B1/benfotiamine

INTERNATIONAL NEUROLOGICAL JOURNAL, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(1), С. 96 - 107

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

A person with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is more likely to develop metabolic syndrome (MetS), depression, and diabetic distress. It also raises the risk of cardiometabolic neurodegenerative diseases (NDD). At same time, type 2 diabetes mellitus MetS can cause development core neurosis-like psychiatric symptoms characteristic PTSD. Chronic associated cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, NDD. More people think that mitochondrial dysfunction, peripheral/central chronic low-grade inflammation (CLGI), oxidative are main causes these diseases. Pathophysiological processes link them together. To make things better for patients, interventions aim control CLGI may be better, following ideas precision medicine. Deficiency certain biofactors, in particular, vitamin B1, an increased MetS, Targeted effects on CLGI, stress, metabolism disorders suggest use antioxidants, particularly B1/benfotiamine (BFT), have a positive effect not only course comorbid but manifestations Exogenous or BFT, corrects thiamine status disorders. BFT exhibits potent animal models NDD, stress-induced anxiety, aggression, depression. Thus, considered potentially safe cost-effective drug treatment many central nervous system Despite its aspects, therapeutic potential remains limited, as beneficial require high doses over long period time. Dibenzoylthiamine, lipophilic form has been shown anti-inflammatory antioxidant at much lower than both vitro vivo. However, preclinical clinical studies needed sure viability dibenzoylthiamine. This review pays extra attention analysis features biological role mechanism action, especially impact glucose function, state neuroinflammation, how dibenzoylthiamine protect neurons. We conducted search Scopus, Science Direct (from Elsevier), PubMed, MEDLINE databases. The keywords used were “thiamine”, “benfotiamine”, “dibenzoylthiamine”, “post-traumatic disorder”, “metabolic syndrome”, “diabetic distress”, “diabetes mellitus”. manual bibliography publications pinpoint research results eluded online search.

Язык: Английский

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus, cerebral small vessel disease and depressive disorders

INTERNATIONAL NEUROLOGICAL JOURNAL, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(3), С. 226 - 237

Опубликована: Май 20, 2025

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a significantly higher risk of developing depressive disorders compared to individuals without impaired carbohydrate metabolism. In the context population aging and increasing prevalence T2DM, there is an urgent need better understand mechanisms that determine relationship between brain disease. Depressive T2DM often share genetic, behavioral, psychosocial factors. However, it still unclear whether depression associated increased wide range cardiovascular diseases in patients metabolic biomarkers may mediate these associations. Existing scales for assessing demonstrate insufficient accuracy prediction, which prompts search new, more objective markers, one arterial stiffness. Cognitive impairment are likely different underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. common be microvascular dysfunction, namely cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Signs CSVD progress linearly development condition, from physiological state glucose metabolism prediabetes correlates glycemic levels even at stage prediabetes. There hypothesis serve as early determinant mechanism disorders, especially among elderly patients. data on stiffness comorbid remain limited. The aim this review was discuss specifics relationships disease, stiffness, well analyze new trends directions future research. conducted Scopus, Science Direct (from Elsevier) PubMed, including MEDLINE, databases. keywords used were “diabetes mellitus”, “cerebral disease”, “arterial stiffness”, “depressive disorders.” A manual bibliography publications identify research results could not found during online search.

Язык: Английский

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Features of short-term heart rate variability in internally displaced people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine), Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(3), С. 243 - 252

Опубликована: Май 22, 2025

Background. Internally displaced people (IDP) often face many problems, both physical and psychological. Anxiety depression inherent in IDP predict slow recovery increase the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder mortality. Dysfunction autonomic nervous system is combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cardiac neuropathy (CAN). The aim study was to analyze peculiarities short-term heart rate variability (HRV) T2DM. Materials methods. looked at three groups: 16 practically healthy individuals (group 1, controls), patients T2DM subclinical CAN (Lviv region, group 2, n = 16) 3, 16). No clinical symptoms were detected patients, age, sex, duration T2DM, body mass index, HbA1c did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). Subclini­cal diagnosed according results cardiovascular reflex tests Composite Assessment Symptom Score 31. HRV lasting 5 min studied analyzed. Results. A statistically significant rise wase CAN. At same time, there a decrease median RR interval (mRR); percentage adjacent NN intervals that deviate from one another by more than 50 ms (pNN50%); levels high frequency power (HF) normalized unit (HFnorm). In CAN, compared further signifi­cant observed: 86.19 ± 82.30 [69.0; 121.0] bpm; mRR: 709.56 93.45 [496.0; 871.0] ms; root mean square successive differences between intervals: 17.56 9.06 [5.0; 41.0] pNN50%: 2.56 4.66 [0; 17] %; low (LF): 626.56 428.50 [156.0; 1358.0] ms2; HF: 143.81 111.68 [10.0; 363.0] HF total spectrum: 10.44 8.15 [2.0; 26.0], as well growth LF unit: 79.81 14.25 [54.0; 96.0] n.u.; very 47.50 18.69 [12.0; 86.0] %. Conclusions. It found went down, sympathetic component became much stronger. This indicates activation body’s adaptive reactions response stressful situations. use analysis can be cost-effective scientifically sound approach for early diagnosis data obtained become basis development effective prevention strategies, new methods timely therapy

Язык: Английский

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Vitamin B12 and diabetic neuropathies

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine), Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(7), С. 481 - 490

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2024

Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin, cobalamin) is an essential cofactor in two important biochemical pathways: methylmalonic acid metabolism and methionine synthesis from homocysteine. In addition to hematologic abnormalities (megaloblastic anemia or even pancytopenia), cobalamin deficiency can cause neurologic symptoms similar diabetic neuropathy (DN). The underlying molecular mechanisms of DN are still unclear. Most studies have identified the contribution low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI) oxidative stress (OS) development DN. Immunohistochemical calf muscle nerve biopsies obtained patients with diabetes mellitus indicate activation LGCI pathway caused by increased levels advanced glycation end products, which leads OS. Similar results were found vitamin deficiency. Thus, clinical changes may be cellular vitro vivo demonstrated that has intrinsic antioxidant activity. cobalamin, regardless its classical function as a cofactor, act intracellular, particular intramitochondrial, antioxidant. This serve rationale for use treatment DN, early subclinical stages. purpose this review was discuss role prevention well analyze new trends directions future research. search conducted Scopus, Science Direct (from Elsevier) PubMed, including MEDLINE databases. keywords used B12, mellitus, neuropathy, cardiac autonomic neuropathy. A manual bibliography publications identify study could not during online search.

Язык: Английский

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Posttraumatic stress disorder and metabolic syndrome: the role of some biofactors in treatment

INTERNATIONAL NEUROLOGICAL JOURNAL, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(7), С. 364 - 374

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2024

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are often comorbidities share neurobiological clinical features. In particular, the results of meta-analyses indicate a higher prevalence MetS in patients with PTSD compared to general population. At same time, is also known risk factor for MetS. The involvement common pathogenetic mechanisms characteristic both conditions partially explains this coincidence. Insufficient intake deficiency certain biofactors, especially micronutrients (vitamins essential minerals), associated an increased MetS, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, maintaining their physiological content body reduces risk. Taking nutritional supplements biofactors may help as adjunct conventional therapy prevent treat and, more than not, at time. This because linked deficiencies number biofactors. review aims discuss role several including α-lipoic acid, vitamin B1/benfotiamine, L-carnitine acetyl-L-carnitine, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, quercetin, magnesium, vitamins D E, polyphenols, prevention treatment comorbidity, well analyze new trends future research directions. We conducted search databases such Scopus, Science Direct (from Elsevier), PubMed, MEDLINE. keywords used were “post-traumatic disorder”, “metabolic syndrome”, “biofactors”. manually searched bibliography publications identify that not found during online search.

Язык: Английский

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