Role of Interleukin-6 in Depressive Disorder

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(6), С. 2194 - 2194

Опубликована: Март 22, 2020

Major depressive disorder (MDD), which is a leading psychiatric illness across the world, severely affects quality of life and causes an increased incidence suicide. Evidence from animal as well clinical studies have indicated that peripheral or central cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels play important role in stress reaction disorder, especially physical disorders comorbid with depression. Increased release IL-6 MDD has been found to be factor associated prognosis therapeutic response, may affect wide range symptomatology. However, study results IL6 genetic effects are controversial. activity cause depression through activation hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis influence neurotransmitter metabolism. The neuroinflammation pathogenesis created new perspective combining blood other depression-related help classify biological subtypes, allow physicians identify optimal treatment for patients. To modulate by IL-6-related agents, current antidepressive herb medication, pre-/probiotics non-pharmacological interventions hold great promise patients inflammatory features.

Язык: Английский

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Pathways Connecting Late-Life Depression and Dementia

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Март 13, 2020

REVIEW article Front. Pharmacol., 13 March 2020Sec. Neuropharmacology Volume 11 - 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00279

Язык: Английский

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Gut Microbiota Metabolites in Major Depressive Disorder—Deep Insights into Their Pathophysiological Role and Potential Translational Applications

Metabolites, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1), С. 50 - 50

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2022

The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem essential for the proper functioning of organism, affecting health disease status individuals. There continuous bidirectional communication between host, conforming to unique entity known as “holobiont”. Among these crosstalk mechanisms, synthesizes broad spectrum bioactive compounds or metabolites which exert pleiotropic effects on human organism. Many microbial can cross blood–brain barrier (BBB) have significant brain, playing key role in so-called microbiota-gut-brain axis. An altered (MGB) axis major characteristic many neuropsychiatric disorders, including depressive disorder (MDD). Significative differences eubiosis dysbiosis mental disorders like MDD with their different metabolite composition concentrations are being discussed. In present review, main (short-chain fatty acids -SCFAs-, bile acids, amino tryptophan -trp- derivatives, more), signaling pathways functions will be summarized explain part pathophysiology. Conclusions from promising translational approaches related metabolome addressed more depth discuss possible clinical value management patients.

Язык: Английский

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Genes and environments, development and time

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 117(38), С. 23235 - 23241

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2020

A now substantial body of science implicates a dynamic interplay between genetic and environmental variation in the development individual differences behavior health. Such outcomes are affected by molecular, often epigenetic, processes involving gene–environment (G–E) that can influence gene expression. Early environments with exposures to poverty, chronic adversities, acutely stressful events have been linked maladaptive compromised health behavior. Genetic impart either enhanced or blunted susceptibility effects such pathogenic environments. However, largely missing from present discourse regarding G–E is role time, “third factor” guiding emergence complex developmental endpoints across different scales time. Trajectories increasingly appear best accounted for complex, interchange among highly elements genes, contexts, time at multiple scales, including neurobiological (minutes milliseconds), genomic (hours minutes), (years months), evolutionary (centuries millennia) This special issue PNAS thus explores timing transactions: The importance timescales plasticity critical periods brain development; epigenetics molecular underpinnings biologically embedded experience; encoding experience biological levels organization; gene-regulatory networks their linkages neuronal networks. Taken together, collection papers offers perspectives on how operates contingently within against backdrop timescales.

Язык: Английский

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What do DNA methylation studies tell us about depression? A systematic review

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2019

Abstract There has been a limited number of systematic reviews conducted to summarize the overview relationship between DNA methylation and depression, critically appraise roles major study characteristics in accuracy findings. This review aims impact on association this association. Electronic databases gray literatures until December 2017 were searched for English-language studies with standard diagnostic criteria depression. A total 67 included along summary their characteristics. We grouped findings into etiological treatment studies. Majority these selected recently published from developed countries. Whole blood samples most studied common tissues. Bisulfite conversion, pyrosequencing, was widely used test level across all High heterogeneity existed among terms experimental statistical methodologies designs. As recommended by Cochrane guideline, without meta-analysis should be undertaken. has, general, found that modifications associated Subgroup analyses showed BDNF SLC6A4 hypermethylations MDD or depression general. In contrast, NR3C1 , OXTR other genes, which tested only few studies, reported mixed More longitudinal using standardized laboratory are needed future enable more systematical comparisons quantitative synthesis.

Язык: Английский

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Role of interleukin 8 in depression and other psychiatric disorders

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 106, С. 110173 - 110173

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Immune and Epigenetic Pathways Linking Childhood Adversity and Health Across the Lifespan

Frontiers in Psychology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2021

Childhood adversity is associated with a host of mental and physical health problems across the lifespan. Individuals who have experienced childhood (e.g., child abuse neglect, family conflict, poor parent/child relationships, low socioeconomic status or extreme poverty) are at greater risk for morbidity premature mortality than those not exposed to adversity. Several mechanisms likely contribute relationship between lifespan behaviors, cardiovascular reactivity). In this paper, we review large body research within field psychoneuroimmunology, demonstrating early life stress alterations immune system. We first literature that dysregulation different indices, including proinflammatory cytokine production (and its impact on telomere length), illness infection susceptibility, latent herpesvirus reactivation, response tumor. then summarize growing how may alter epigenetic processes. Finally, propose future directions related work basic applied implications.

Язык: Английский

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The miRNome of Depression

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(21), С. 11312 - 11312

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2021

Depression is an effect of complex interactions between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. It well established that stress responses are associated with multiple modest often dynamic molecular changes in the homeostatic balance, rather than a single genetic factor has strong phenotypic penetration. As depression multifaceted phenotype, it important to study biochemical pathways can regulate overall allostasis brain. One such biological system potential fine-tune multitude diverse processes RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi process showing very low level evolutionary diversity, relies on posttranscriptional regulation gene expression using, case mammals, primarily short (17–23 nucleotides) noncoding transcripts called microRNAs (miRNA). In this review, our objective was examine, summarize discuss recent advances field biomedical clinical research role miRNA-mediated development depression. We focused studies investigating post-mortem brain tissue individuals depression, as aiming elucidate biomarker miRNAs antidepressant response.

Язык: Английский

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Cause or consequence? Understanding the role of cortisol in the increased inflammation observed in depression

Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 24, С. 100356 - 100356

Опубликована: Май 3, 2022

Glucocorticoids such as cortisol are a class of steroid hormones that play an important role in co-ordinating the body's response to stress. Elevated levels and increased inflammation have frequently been reported patients with depression. The currently accepted "glucocorticoid resistance" model posits this consequence reduced sensitivity cortisol's putative anti-inflammatory action. However, opposing evidence has accumulated supports more recent model, which instead proposes possesses immune potentiating properties may thus directly cause seen Despite all this, clear explanation neuroendocrine mechanism contributes development depression is still lacking requires further investigation improved future studies.

Язык: Английский

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Deciphering Depression: Epigenetic Mechanisms and Treatment Strategies

Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(8), С. 638 - 638

Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2024

Depression, a significant mental health disorder, is under intense research scrutiny to uncover its molecular foundations. Epigenetics, which focuses on controlling gene expression without altering DNA sequences, offers promising avenues for innovative treatment. This review explores the pivotal role of epigenetics in depression, emphasizing two key aspects: (I) identifying epigenetic targets new antidepressants and (II) using personalized medicine based distinct profiles, highlighting potential focal points such as methylation, histone structure alterations, non-coding RNA molecules miRNAs. Variations methylation individuals with depression provide opportunities target genes that are associated neuroplasticity synaptic activity. Aberrant acetylation may indicate antidepressant strategies involve enzyme modifications. Modulating miRNA levels can reshape depression-linked expression. The second section discusses profiles. Analyzing these patterns could identify biomarkers treatment response susceptibility facilitating tailored treatments proactive care. Addressing ethical concerns regarding information, privacy stigmatization, crucial understanding biological basis depression. Therefore, researchers must consider issues when examining disorders. importance critical aspect modern medical research. These findings hold great novel medications treatments, would significantly improve patient outcomes, transform psychiatry. As progresses, it expected more complex aspects processes enhance our comprehension, increase effectiveness therapies.

Язык: Английский

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