Comparative genomics reveals high biological diversity and specific adaptations in the industrially and medically important fungal genus Aspergillus

Genome biology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2017

The fungal genus Aspergillus is of critical importance to humankind. Species include those with industrial applications, important pathogens humans, animals and crops, a source potent carcinogenic contaminants food, an genetic model. genome sequences eight aspergilli have already been explored investigate aspects biology, raising questions about evolution specialization within this genus.We generated for ten novel, highly diverse species compared these in detail sister more distant genera. Comparative studies key including primary secondary metabolism, stress response, biomass degradation, signal transduction, revealed both conservation diversity among the species. Observed genomic differences were validated experimental studies. This several highlights, such as potential sex asexual species, organic acid production genes being feature black aspergilli, alternative approaches degrading plant biomass, indications basis response. A genome-wide phylogenetic analysis demonstrated relationship newly sequenced other aspergilli.Many biological between cannot be explained by current knowledge obtained from sequences. comparative genomics study, presented here, allows first time genus-wide view many, but not all, cases linked phenotype. Insights gained could exploited biotechnological medical applications fungi.

Язык: Английский

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Carbon Catabolite Repression in Filamentous Fungi

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 19(1), С. 48 - 48

Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2017

Carbon Catabolite Repression (CCR) has fascinated scientists and researchers around the globe for past few decades. This important mechanism allows preferential utilization of an energy-efficient readily available carbon source over relatively less easily accessible sources. helps microorganisms to obtain maximum amount glucose in order keep pace with their metabolism. Microorganisms assimilate highly favorable sugars before switching less-favored sources such as organic acids alcohols. In CCR filamentous fungi, CreA acts a transcription factor, which is regulated some extent by ubiquitination. CreD-HulA ubiquitination ligase complex ubiquitination, while CreB-CreC deubiquitination (DUB) removes ubiquitin from CreA, causes its activation. fungi also involves very crucial elements Hexokinases, cAMP, Protein Kinase (PKA), Ras proteins, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), Adenylate cyclase, RcoA SnfA. Thorough study molecular understanding growth, conidiation, virulence survival fungi. review comprehensive revision regulation well updated summary key regulators, different CCR-dependent mechanisms impact on various physical characteristics

Язык: Английский

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Role of sludge biochar immobilized multifunctional microbiome in phytoremediation of lead-zinc composite pollution

Biochar, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Fungal Spores for Dispersion in Space and Time

Advances in applied microbiology, Год журнала: 2013, Номер unknown, С. 43 - 91

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2013

Язык: Английский

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How light affects the life of Botrytis

Fungal Genetics and Biology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 106, С. 26 - 41

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2017

Fungi, like other organisms, actively sense the environmental light conditions in order to drive adaptive responses, including protective mechanisms against light-associated stresses, and regulate development. Ecological niches are characterized by different regimes, for instance is absent underground, spectra from sunlight changed underwater or under canopy of foliage due absorption distinct wavelengths bacterial, algal plant pigments. Considering fact that fungi have evolved adapt their habitats, complexities 'visual' systems may vary significantly. Fungi pathogenic on plants experience a special regime because host always seeks optimum photosynthesis – pathogen has cope with this environment. When lives indirectly exposed sunlight, it confronted an altered spectrum enriched green far-red light. Botrytis cinerea, gray mold fungus, aggressive mainly infecting above-ground parts plant. As outlined review, Leotiomycete maintains highly sophisticated signaling machinery, integrating (near)-UV, blue, green, red signals use at least eleven potential photoreceptors trigger variety i.e. protection (pigmentation, enzymatic systems), morphogenesis (conidiation, apothecial development), entrainment circadian clock, positive negative tropism multicellular (conidiophores, apothecia) unicellular structures (conidial germ tubes). In sense, 'looking through eyes' will expand our knowledge fungal photobiology.

Язык: Английский

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Germination of conidia of Aspergillus niger is accompanied by major changes in RNA profiles

Studies in Mycology, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 74, С. 59 - 70

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2013

The transcriptome of conidia Aspergillus niger was analysed during the first 8 h germination. Dormant started to grow isotropically two after inoculation in liquid medium. Isotropic growth changed polarised 6 h, which coincided with one round mitosis. contained transcripts from 4 626 genes. number genes decreased 3 557 2 germination, an increase observed 780 expressed inoculation. RNA composition dormant substantially different than all subsequent stages correlation coefficient between profiles 0 and 0.46. They were 0.76-0.93 when 2, compared that h. characterised by high levels involved formation protecting components such as trehalose, mannitol, protective proteins (e.g. heat shock catalase). Transcripts belonging Functional Gene Categories (FunCat) protein synthesis, cell cycle DNA processing respiration over-represented up-regulated at whereas metabolism At no functional gene classes over- or under-represented differentially Taken together, it is concluded changes dramatically initiation synthesis are important early

Язык: Английский

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Evolution of asexual and sexual reproduction in the aspergilli

Studies in Mycology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 91(1), С. 37 - 59

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2018

Aspergillus nidulans has long-been used as a model organism to gain insights into the genetic basis of asexual and sexual developmental processes both in other members genus Aspergillus, filamentous fungi general. Paradigms have been established concerning regulatory mechanisms conidial development. However, recent studies shown considerable genome divergence fungal kingdom, questioning general applicability findings from certain longstanding evolutionary theories questioned. The phylogenetic distribution key elements reproduction A. was investigated broad taxonomic range fungi. This revealed that some proteins were well conserved Pezizomycotina (e.g. AbaA, FlbA, FluG, NsdD, MedA, velvet proteins), suggesting similar roles. BrlA) had more restricted solely Eurotiomycetes, it appears control sporulation seems be complex aspergilli than groups Pezizomycotina. evolution protein family is discussed based on history expansion contraction events early divergent Heterologous expression abaA gene Monascus ruber failed induce development complete conidiophores seen aspergilli, but did result increased production. absence many components pathway Saccharomycotina supports hypothesis differences complexity their spore formation due part diversity machinery evident Investigations also made sex sexuality aspergilli. MAT loci identified heterothallic (Emericella) heterothallicus (Neosartorya) fennelliae homothallic pseudoglaucus (=Eurotium repens). A consistent architecture locus these whereas much variation arrangement suggested most likely common ancestor exhibited breeding system. Finally, supposed prevalence asexuality examined. using clavatus representative 'asexual' species. It possible cycle given correct MAT1-1 MAT1-2 partners environmental conditions, with recombination confirmed utilising molecular markers. indicated might supposedly beyond, providing nature

Язык: Английский

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Moulding the mould: understanding and reprogramming filamentous fungal growth and morphogenesis for next generation cell factories

Biotechnology for Biofuels, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2019

Filamentous fungi are harnessed as cell factories for the production of a diverse range organic acids, proteins, and secondary metabolites. Growth morphology have critical implications product titres in both submerged solid-state fermentations. Recent advances systems-level understanding filamentous lifestyle development sophisticated synthetic biological tools controlled manipulation fungal genomes now allow rational strain programs based on data-driven decision making. In this review, we focus

Язык: Английский

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Developing Aspergillus niger as a cell factory for food enzyme production

Biotechnology Advances, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 44, С. 107630 - 107630

Опубликована: Сен. 10, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms of Conidial Germination in Aspergillus spp

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 84(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2019

Aspergilli produce conidia for reproduction or to survive hostile conditions, and they are highly effective in the distribution of through environment. In immunocompromised individuals, inhaled can germinate inside respiratory tract, which may result invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. The management aspergillosis has become more complex, with new risk groups being identified emergence antifungal resistance. Patient survival is threatened by these developments, stressing need alternative therapeutic strategies. As germination crucial infection, prevention this process might be a feasible approach. A broader understanding conidial important identify novel antigermination targets. review, we describe resistance against various stresses, transition from dormant hyphal growth, underlying molecular mechanisms involved most common Aspergillus species, promising Germination characterized three morphotypes: dormancy, isotropic polarized growth. Intra- extracellular proteins play an role protection unfavorable environmental conditions. Isotropically expanding remodel cell wall, biosynthetic machineries needed cellular These also during together tip formation cycle machinery. Genes growth could Transcriptomic proteomic studies on specific morphotypes will improve our allow discovery targets biomarkers early diagnosis therapy.

Язык: Английский

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