Advances in Subacute Thyroiditis: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapies

The FASEB Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 39(7)

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2025

ABSTRACT Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is an inflammatory thyroid disease that often associated with viral infections. In particular, SARS‐COV‐2 and its vaccine were found to cause SAT during the recent COVID‐19 pandemic. However, pathogenesis, clinical features, processes still need further profiling. Recently, there are new findings understanding about pathogenic mechanisms of SAT. Some HLA genes have been shown increase risk development, cytokine storms could promote progression diagnostic criteria for proposed facilitate clinicians' diagnosis when facing atypical symptoms in a manner rapidity accuracy. Plus, treatments herbal medicines recently as addition conventional steroidal drugs NSAIDs. This review will provide summary these progresses on diagnosis, therapies emphasis role variety virus pathogens, including virus.

Язык: Английский

Acute Suppurative and Subacute Thyroiditis: From Diagnosis to Management

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(9), С. 3233 - 3233

Опубликована: Май 7, 2025

Background: Acute suppurative thyroiditis (AST) and subacute (SAT) are two distinct inflammatory conditions of the thyroid gland with different clinical presentation treatment that recognize causes. AST is a rare but serious bacterial infection, often associated congenital anomalies in children, whereas SAT self-limiting, post-viral condition causes temporary dysfunction. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed UpToDate, including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, case series, reports. Studies focusing on epidemiology, pathophysiology, presentation, diagnosis, were selected, special attention paid to pediatric cases. Results: accounts for fewer than 1% diseases more common pyriform sinus fistulas being present 21% It presents fever, painful neck swelling, complications such as abscess formation airway obstruction. Early recognition prompt management broad-spectrum antibiotics, ultrasound-guided aspiration, or surgical drainage crucial. In contrast, can occur at any age most adult women typically follows viral infection. anterior pain transient thyrotoxicosis generally managed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs corticosteroids severe Accurate differential diagnosis essential prevent unnecessary interventions. Conclusions: Although rare, both require timely tailored strategies avoid complications. Advances imaging early detection have improved outcomes, while remains self-limiting primarily requires symptom management. Further research needed better understand risk factors, pathogenesis, optimal approaches, particularly populations resource-limited settings.

Язык: Английский

Subacute thyroiditis mimicking tuberculosis and lymphoma: case report and literature review.

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2024

Patient: Male, 41 Final diagnosis: Sub-acute thyroiditis Symptoms: fever, night sweats and weight loss Medication: aspirin, prednisolone Clinical Procedure: - Specialty: Endocrinology, Infectious Disease, Otolaryngology Objective: Rare disease, challenging diagnosis Background: (SAT) is a self-limiting condition caused by thyroid inflammation. It usually presents with fever, neck pain symptoms of thyrotoxicosis. Atypical presentations without are rare often lead to misdiagnosis. Case Report: We report case atypical SAT that was initially misdiagnosed as lymphoma, tuberculosis, painless sporadic laryngeal malignancy being differentials. The patient, 41-year-old male, presented progressively worsening fevers, loss, cartilage thickening tenderness on physical exam. He diagnosed through Doppler ultrasound scanning the gland, elevated inflammatory markers presence antibody-negative hyperthyroidism his biochemical screen. Symptomatic relief provided salicylate prednisolone. patient experienced transient asymptomatic hypothyroidism four months after disease onset which not treated. Euthyroidism achieved six symptom onset. Conclusions: thought be post-viral in origin. generally signs thyrotoxicosis, evolves three phases- hyperthyroid, hypothyroid euthyroid phase. even rarer, so clinicians should maintain high index suspicion for disorders whenever suggestive thyrotoxicosis encountered.

Язык: Английский