Kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: Current and Future Predictions of Habitat Suitability and Cover
Frontiers in Marine Science,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
18
Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2021
Climate
change
is
transforming
marine
ecosystems
through
the
expansion
and
contraction
of
species’
ranges.
Sea
ice
loss
warming
temperatures
are
expected
to
expand
habitat
availability
for
macroalgae
along
long
stretches
Arctic
coastlines.
To
better
understand
current
distribution
kelp
forests
in
Eastern
Canadian
Arctic,
kelps
were
sampled
coasts
species
identifications
percent
cover.
The
sampling
effort
was
supplemented
with
occurrence
records
from
global
biodiversity
databases,
searches
literature,
museum
records.
Environmental
information
used
develop
ensemble
models
predicting
suitability
a
Random
Forest
model
predict
cover
dominant
region
–
Agarum
clathratum
,
Alaria
esculenta
Laminariaceae
(
Laminaria
solidungula
Saccharina
latissima
).
Ice
thickness,
sea
temperature
salinity
explained
highest
percentage
distribution.
Both
modeling
approaches
showed
that
extent
arctic
potentially
much
greater
than
available
suggest.
These
projected
into
future
using
predicted
environmental
data
2050
2100
based
on
most
extreme
emission
scenario
(RCP
8.5).
agreed
likely
more
northern
locations
under
emissions
scenarios,
exception
endemic
L.
which
lose
significant
proportion
suitable
habitat.
However,
there
differences
among
regarding
both
projections.
Notwithstanding
model-specific
variation,
it
evident
widespread
throughout
area
contribute
significantly
functioning
ecosystems.
Our
results
emphasize
importance
underestimation
their
potential
there.
Язык: Английский
Comparison of macroalgae meadows in warm Atlantic versus cold Arctic regimes in the high-Arctic Svalbard
Frontiers in Marine Science,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
9
Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2022
A
warmer
Arctic
with
less
sea
ice
will
likely
improve
macroalgae
growth
conditions,
but
observational
data
to
support
this
hypothesis
are
scarce.
In
study,
we
combined
hydroacoustic
and
video
inspections
compare
the
depth
of
growth,
density
thickness
(>10
cm)
meadows
in
two
contrasting
climate
regimes
Svalbard
1)
warm,
free,
Atlantic
influenced
West
Spitsbergen
2)
cold,
seasonal
covered
East
Spitsbergen.
Both
places
had
similar
insolation
comparable
turbidity
levels.
Macroalgae
communities
at
both
were
formed
mainly
by
common
north
kelp
species:
Saccharina
latissima,
Alaria
esculenta,
Laminaria
digitata
L.
hyperborea
.
However,
bottom
coverage
thalli
condition
strikingly
different
between
sites.
Algae
site
intact
fully
developed
occupied
most
available
hard
substrate.
At
colder
site,
only
patchy
canopies
found
thallies
physically
damaged
trimmed
a
uniform
height
due
physical
scouring.
These
differences
macroalgal
depths
down
5
m.
Deeper,
no
distinct
observed
warm
cold
Sea
urchins
few
numbers
visible
negative
top-down
control
on
growth.
Язык: Английский