Oxidative Stress and MicroRNAs in Endothelial Cells under Metabolic Disorders

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(9), С. 1341 - 1341

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are radical intermediates that serve as important second messengers in signal transduction. However, when the accumulation of these molecules exceeds buffering capacity antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress and endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction occur. EC shifts vascular system into a pro-coagulative, proinflammatory state, thereby increasing risk developing cardiovascular (CV) diseases metabolic disorders. Studies have turned to investigation microRNA treatment for CV factors, post-transcription regulators known co-regulate ROS. In this review, we will discuss ROS pathways generation, normal physiology ROS-induced dysfunction, current knowledge common disorders their connection stress. Therapeutic strategies based on microRNAs response microRNA’s regulatory roles controlling also be explored. It is gain an in-depth comprehension mechanisms generating how manipulating enzymatic byproducts can protect function from prevent development

Язык: Английский

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Activators of Nrf2 to Counteract Neurodegenerative Diseases

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(3), С. 778 - 778

Опубликована: Март 22, 2023

Neurodegenerative diseases are incurable and debilitating conditions that result in progressive degeneration loss of nerve cells. Oxidative stress has been proposed as one factor plays a potential role the pathogenesis neurodegenerative disorders since neuron cells particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage. Nuclear (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is strictly related anti-inflammatory antioxidative cell response; therefore, its activation consequent enhancement cellular pathways have therapeutic approach. Several Nrf2 activators with different mechanisms diverse structures reported, but those applied for neurodisorders still limited. However, very last few years, interesting progress made, enhancing blood–brain barrier penetration, make effective drugs, designing Nrf2-based multitarget-directed ligands affect multiple involved pathology diseases. The present review gives an overview most representative findings this research area.

Язык: Английский

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Host stress drives tolerance and persistence: The bane of anti-microbial therapeutics

Cell Host & Microbe, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 32(6), С. 852 - 862

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Antibiotic resistance, typically associated with genetic changes within a bacterial population, is frequent contributor to antibiotic treatment failures. persistence and tolerance, which we collectively term recalcitrance, represent transient phenotypic in the population that prolong survival presence of lethal concentrations antibiotics. recalcitrance challenging detect investigate-traditionally studied under vitro conditions, our understanding during infection its contribution failure limited. Recently, significant progress has been made study antibiotic-recalcitrant populations pathogenic species, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, Yersiniae, context host environment. Despite diversity these pathogens models, shared signals responses promote common features vulnerabilities persisters tolerant bacteria have emerged. These will be discussed here, along toward developing therapeutic interventions better treat recalcitrant pathogens.

Язык: Английский

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ROS scavenging activity of polydopamine nanoparticle-loaded supramolecular gelatin-based hydrogel promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 259, С. 129228 - 129228

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Mitochondrial morphology, distribution and activity during oocyte development

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 35(10), С. 902 - 917

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Glucose and trehalose metabolism through the cyclic pentose phosphate pathway shapes pathogen resistance and host protection in Drosophila

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(5), С. e3002299 - e3002299

Опубликована: Май 7, 2024

Activation of immune cells requires the remodeling cell metabolism in order to support function. We study these metabolic changes through infection Drosophila larvae by parasitoid wasp. The egg is neutralized differentiating lamellocytes, which encapsulate egg. A melanization cascade initiated, producing toxic molecules destroy while capsule also protects host from reaction. combined transcriptomics and metabolomics, including 13 C-labeled glucose trehalose tracing, as well genetic manipulation sugar metabolism, specifically hemocytes. found that hemocytes increase expression several carbohydrate transporters accordingly uptake more during infection. These carbohydrates are metabolized increased glycolysis, associated with lactate production, cyclic pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), glucose-6-phosphate re-oxidized maximize NADPH yield. Oxidative PPP required for lamellocyte differentiation resistance, systemic metabolism. In addition, fully differentiated lamellocytes use a cytoplasmic form trehalase cleave fuel PPP. Intracellular not differentiation, but its down-regulation elevates levels reactive oxygen species, resistance reduced fitness. Our results suggest PPP, within important only fight protect own response ensuring fitness survivor.

Язык: Английский

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UGP2, a novel target gene of TP53, inhibits endothelial cells apoptosis and atherosclerosis

Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 123393 - 123393

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Crosstalk Between Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in Hematological Malignancies: Mechanisms, Implications, and Therapeutic Potential

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(3), С. 264 - 264

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025

Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process that maintains homeostasis by degrading damaged components and regulating stress responses. It plays crucial role in cancer biology, including tumor progression, metastasis, therapeutic resistance. Oxidative stress, similarly, key to maintaining balance oxidants antioxidants, with its disruption leading molecular damage. The interplay between autophagy oxidative particularly significant, as reactive oxygen species (ROS) act both inducers by-products of autophagy. While can function suppressor early stages, it often shifts pro-tumorigenic advanced disease, aiding cell survival under adverse conditions such hypoxia nutrient deprivation. This dual mediated several signaling pathways, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, HIF-1α, which coordinate the autophagic activity ROS production. In this review, we explore mechanisms interact across different hematological malignancies. We discuss how triggers autophagy, creating feedback loop promotes survival, dysregulation leads increased accumulation, exacerbating tumorigenesis. also examine implications targeting autophagy-oxidative axis cancer. Current strategies involve modulating through specific inhibitors, enhancing levels pro-oxidant compounds, combining these approaches conventional therapies overcome drug Understanding complex relationship provides critical insights into novel aimed at improving treatment outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Protein-responsive gut hormone tachykinin directs food choice and impacts lifespan

Nature Metabolism, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2025

Animals select food based on hungers that reflect dynamic macronutrient needs, but the hormonal mechanisms underlying nutrient-specific appetite regulation remain poorly defined. Here, we identify tachykinin (Tk) as a protein-responsive gut hormone in Drosophila and female mice, regulated by conserved environmental nutrient-sensing mechanisms. Protein intake activates Tk-expressing enteroendocrine cells (EECs), driving release of Tk through involving target rapamycin (TOR) transient receptor potential A1 (TrpA1). In flies, delineate pathway which controls selective sleep after protein ingestion, mediated glucagon-like adipokinetic (AKH) signalling to neurons adipose tissue. This mechanism suppresses appetite, promotes sugar hunger modulates wakefulness align behaviour with nutritional needs. Inhibiting prolongs lifespan AKH, revealing role for nutrient-dependent longevity. Our results provide framework understanding EEC-derived satiety signals hormones regulating choice, lifespan.

Язык: Английский

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Antioxidant Nutraceutical Strategies in the Prevention of Oxidative Stress Related Eye Diseases

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(10), С. 2283 - 2283

Опубликована: Май 12, 2023

This review aims to discuss the delicate balance between physiological production of reactive oxygen species and role antioxidant nutraceutical molecules in managing radicals complex anatomical structure eye. Many enzymes with reducing potential are present different parts Some these, such as glutathione, N-acetylcysteine, α-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q10, enzymatic antioxidants, endogenously produced by body. Others, plant-derived polyphenols carotenoids, vitamins B2, C, E, zinc selenium, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, must be obtained through diet considered essential nutrients. When equilibrium their scavenging is disrupted, radical generation overwhelms endogenous arsenal, leading oxidative stress-related eye disorders aging. Therefore, roles antioxidants contained dietary supplements preventing stress-based ocular dysfunctions also discussed. However, results studies investigating efficacy supplementation have been mixed or inconclusive, indicating a need for future research highlight develop new preventive nutritional strategies.

Язык: Английский

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