MXenes,
a
novel
class
of
two-dimensional
(2D)
materials,
have
attracted
considerable
attention
in
various
fields,
especially
drug
delivery,
wound
healing,
bone
tissue
engineering,
biosensing,
and
cancer
treatment.
Thanks
to
their
remarkable
physicochemical
properties,
MXenes
hold
great
promise
for
biomedical
applications.
Concurrently,
hydrogels
composed
polymers
been
extensively
utilized
contexts.
The
unique
properties
facilitate
integration
into
bioactive
with
enhanced
functions
thereby
endowing
the
composites
multifunctional
capabilities.
MXene-reinforced
polymer
(MRPHs)
synergistically
combine
advantageous
characteristics
both
hydrogels,
making
them
highly
adaptable
other
theranostic
strategies
medical
In
this
comprehensive
review,
we
demonstrate
recent
advances
design
synthesis
MRPHs
Specifically,
introduce
analyze
methods
tailoring
by
incorporating
active
components,
including
functional
molecules,
2D
metal
ions,
natural
polymers,
drugs/genes.
We
then
discuss
applications
designed
biosensors,
therapy.
hope
that
work
provides
valuable
guidance
inspiration
readers
develop
advanced
Pharmaceutics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(11), С. 2623 - 2623
Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2023
Biomimetic
delivery
systems
(BDSs),
inspired
by
the
intricate
designs
of
biological
systems,
have
emerged
as
a
groundbreaking
paradigm
in
nanomedicine,
offering
unparalleled
advantages
therapeutic
delivery.
These
encompassing
platforms
such
liposomes,
protein-based
nanoparticles,
extracellular
vesicles,
and
polysaccharides,
are
lauded
for
their
targeted
delivery,
minimized
side
effects,
enhanced
outcomes.
However,
translation
BDSs
from
research
settings
to
clinical
applications
is
fraught
with
challenges,
including
reproducibility
concerns,
physiological
stability,
rigorous
efficacy
safety
evaluations.
Furthermore,
innovative
nature
demands
reevaluation
evolution
existing
regulatory
ethical
frameworks.
This
review
provides
an
overview
delves
into
multifaceted
translational
challenges
present
emerging
solutions,
underscored
real-world
case
studies.
Emphasizing
potential
redefine
healthcare,
we
advocate
sustained
interdisciplinary
collaboration
research.
As
our
understanding
deepens,
future
appears
promising,
focus
on
personalized
medicine
refined
patient-specific
systems.
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2024
The
discovery
of
novel
and
innovative
therapeutic
strategies
for
cancer
treatment
management
remains
a
major
global
challenge.
Exosomes
are
endogenous
nanoscale
extracellular
vesicles
that
have
garnered
increasing
attention
as
vehicles
advanced
drug
delivery
targeted
therapy.
attractive
physicochemical
biological
properties
exosomes,
including
increased
permeability,
biocompatibility,
extended
half-life
in
circulation,
reduced
toxicity
immunogenicity,
multiple
functionalization
strategies,
made
them
preferred
other
diseases.
Small
interfering
RNAs
(siRNAs)
remarkably
able
to
target
any
known
gene:
an
attribute
harnessed
knock
down
cancer-associated
genes
viable
strategy
management.
Extensive
research
on
exosome-mediated
siRNAs
targeting
diverse
types
has
yielded
promising
results
anticancer
therapy,
with
some
formulations
progressing
through
clinical
trials.
This
review
catalogs
recent
advances
siRNA
several
cancer,
the
manifold
benefits
minimal
drawbacks
such
systems.
Additionally,
we
highlighted
potential
plant-derived
exosomes
systems
treatment,
offering
numerous
advantages
scalability,
compared
traditional
methods.
These
their
unique
characteristics
effective
delivery,
represent
significant
advancement
nanomedicine
therapeutics.
Further
exploration
manufacturing
processes
mechanisms
could
significantly
advance
natural
medicine
enhance
efficacy
exosome-based
therapies.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(13), С. 7371 - 7371
Опубликована: Июль 5, 2024
It
has
been
widely
established
that
the
characterization
of
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
particularly
small
EVs
(sEVs),
shed
by
different
cell
types
into
biofluids,
helps
to
identify
biomarkers
and
therapeutic
targets
in
neurological
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Recent
studies
are
also
exploring
efficacy
mesenchymal
stem
cell-derived
naturally
enriched
with
microRNAs
proteins
for
treating
various
In
addition,
released
neural
cells
play
a
crucial
function
modulation
signal
transmission
brain
physiological
conditions.
However,
pathological
conditions,
such
can
facilitate
spread
from
one
region
other.
On
other
hand,
analysis
biofluids
sensitive
diagnosis,
prognosis,
disease
progression.
This
review
discusses
potential
use
several
central
nervous
system
lists
their
differences
similarities
confers
as
biomarkers.
Further
advances
EV
research
coming
years
will
likely
lead
routine
settings.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(13), С. 7470 - 7470
Опубликована: Июль 8, 2024
Colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
is
a
significant
public
health
challenge,
with
5-fluorouracil
(5-FU)
resistance
being
major
obstacle
to
effective
treatment.
Despite
advancements,
5-FU
remains
formidable
due
complex
mechanisms
such
as
alterations
in
drug
transport,
evasion
of
apoptosis,
dysregulation
cell
cycle
dynamics,
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
interactions,
and
extracellular
vesicle
(EV)-mediated
pathways.
Traditional
chemotherapy
often
results
high
toxicity,
highlighting
the
need
for
alternative
approaches
better
efficacy
safety.
Phytochemicals
(PCs)
EVs
offer
promising
CRC
therapeutic
strategies.
PCs,
derived
from
natural
sources,
exhibit
lower
toxicity
can
target
multiple
pathways
involved
progression
resistance.
facilitate
targeted
delivery,
modulate
immune
response,
interact
TME
sensitize
cells
However,
potential
PCs
engineered
overcoming
reshaping
immunosuppressive
underexplored.
Addressing
this
gap
crucial
identifying
innovative
therapies
enhanced
reduced
toxicities.
This
review
explores
multifaceted
evaluates
synergistic
effects
combining
improve
treatment
while
minimizing
adverse
effects.
Additionally,
it
investigates
by
serving
delivery
vehicles
modulating
TME.
By
synthesizing
current
knowledge
addressing
research
gaps,
enhances
academic
understanding
CRC,
interdisciplinary
involving
revolutionizing
therapy.
Further
clinical
validation
are
essential
translating
these
findings
into
improved
patient
outcomes.
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
10
Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2022
Currently,
bone
defect
repair
is
still
an
intractable
clinical
problem.
Numerous
treatments
have
been
performed,
but
their
results
are
unsatisfactory.
As
a
key
element
of
cell-free
therapy,
exosome
becoming
promising
tool
regeneration
in
recent
decades,
because
its
promoting
osteogenesis
and
osteogenic
differentiation
function
vivo
vitro
.
However,
low
yield,
weak
activity,
inefficient
targeting
ability,
unpredictable
side
effects
natural
exosomes
limited
the
application.
To
overcome
weakness,
various
approaches
applied
to
produce
engineering
by
regulating
production
at
present.
In
this
review,
we
will
focus
on
for
repair.
By
summarizing
exosomal
cargos
affecting
osteogenesis,
strategies
properties
exosome-integrated
biomaterials,
work
provide
novel
insights
into
exploring
advanced
exosome-based
therapy
Journal of Crohn s and Colitis,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
17(8), С. 1291 - 1308
Опубликована: Март 10, 2023
Abstract
Background
and
Aims
Mesenteric
adipose
tissue
hypertrophy
is
a
hallmark
of
Crohn’s
disease
[CD],
creeping
fat
[CF]
unique
to
CD.
Adipose-derived
stem
cells
[ASCs]
from
inflammatory
exhibited
altered
biological
functions.
The
role
ASCs
isolated
CF
in
intestinal
fibrosis
the
potential
mechanism
remain
unclear.
Methods
were
[CF-ASCs]
disease-unaffected
mesenteric
[Ctrl-ASCs]
patients
with
A
series
vitro
vivo
experiments
conducted
study
effects
exosomes
CF-ASCs
[CF-Exos]
on
fibroblast
activation.
micro-RNA
microarray
analysis
was
performed.
Western
blot,
luciferase
assay
immunofluorescence
performed
further
detect
underlying
mechanisms.
Results
results
indicated
that
CF-Exos
promoted
by
activating
fibroblasts
dose-dependent
manner.
They
continuously
progression
even
after
dextran
sulphate
sodium
withdrawal.
Further
showed
exosomal
miR-103a-3p
enriched
participated
exosome-mediated
TGFBR3
identified
as
target
gene
miR-103a-3p.
Mechanistically,
released
activation
targeting
promoting
Smad2/3
phosphorylation.
We
also
found
expression
diseased
intestine
positively
associated
degree
score.
Conclusion
Our
findings
show
promotes
via
targeting,
suggesting
are
therapeutic
targets
for
Pharmaceutics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(5), С. 1465 - 1465
Опубликована: Май 11, 2023
Exosomes
are
a
subset
of
extracellular
vesicles
produced
by
all
cells,
and
they
present
in
various
body
fluids.
play
crucial
roles
tumor
initiation/progression,
immune
suppression,
surveillance,
metabolic
reprogramming,
angiogenesis,
the
polarization
macrophages.
In
this
work,
we
summarize
mechanisms
exosome
biogenesis
secretion.
Since
exosomes
may
be
increased
cancer
cells
fluids
patients,
exosomal
contents
can
used
as
diagnostic
prognostic
markers.
contain
proteins,
lipids,
nucleic
acids.
These
transferred
into
recipient
cells.
Therefore,
work
details
intercellular
communications.
mediate
cellular
interactions,
targeted
for
developing
anticancer
therapy.
This
review
summarizes
current
studies
on
effects
inhibitors
initiation
progression.
transferred,
modified
to
deliver
molecular
cargo
such
drugs,
small
interfering
RNAs
(siRNAs),
micro
(miRNAs).
Thus,
also
recent
advances
drug
delivery
platforms.
display
low
toxicity,
biodegradability,
efficient
tissue
targeting,
which
make
them
reliable
vehicles.
We
discuss
applications
challenges
vehicles
tumors,
along
with
clinical
values
exosomes.
review,
aim
highlight
biogenesis,
functions,
therapeutic
implications
cancer.
JACS Au,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
3(9), С. 2566 - 2577
Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2023
Metal
nanoclusters
(NCs)
have
emerged
as
a
promising
class
of
fluorescent
probes
for
cellular
imaging
due
to
their
high
resistance
photobleaching
and
low
toxicity.
Nevertheless,
widespread
use
in
clinical
diagnosis
is
limited
by
unstable
intracellular
fluorescence.
In
this
study,
we
develop
an
intracellularly
biosynthesized
probe,
DNA
nanoribbon-gold
NCs
(DNR/AuNCs),
long-term
tracking.
Our
results
show
that
DNR/AuNCs
exhibit
4-fold
enhancement
fluorescence
intensity
compared
free
AuNCs.
We
also
investigated
the
mechanism
underlying
AuNCs
DNRs.
findings
suggest
higher
synthesis
efficiency
stability
lysosome
may
contribute
enhancement,
which
enables
(up
15
days)
cancer
cells
(enhancement
∼60
times
AuNCs).
Furthermore,
observe
similar
with
other
metal
NCs,
confirming
generality
DNR-assisted
biosynthesis
approach
preparing
highly
bright
stable
cell
imaging.
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(9), С. 2564 - 2564
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2023
Mitochondria
are
regulators
of
key
cellular
processes,
including
energy
production
and
redox
homeostasis.
Mitochondrial
dysfunction
is
associated
with
various
human
diseases,
cancer.
Importantly,
both
structural
functional
changes
can
alter
mitochondrial
function.
Morphologic
quantifiable
in
mitochondria
affect
their
function
contribute
to
disease.
Structural
include
alterations
cristae
morphology,
DNA
integrity
quantity,
dynamics,
such
as
fission
fusion.
Functional
parameters
related
biology
the
reactive
oxygen
species,
bioenergetic
capacity,
calcium
retention,
membrane
potential.
Although
these
occur
independently
one
another,
structure
often
interrelated.
Thus,
evaluating
crucial
understanding
molecular
events
involved
disease
onset
progression.
This
review
focuses
on
relationship
between
cancer,
a
particular
emphasis
gynecologic
malignancies.
Selecting
methods
tractable
may
be
critical
identifying
targeting
mitochondria-related
therapeutic
options.
Methods
measure
function,
benefits
limitations,
summarized.
