Fusobacterium nucleatum: An Overview of Evidence, Demi-Decadal Trends, and Its Role in Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Various Gynecological Diseases, including Cancers

Cells, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(8), С. 717 - 717

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2024

Gynecological and obstetric infectious diseases are crucial to women’s health. There is growing evidence that links the presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), an anaerobic oral commensal potential periodontal pathogen, development progression various human diseases, including cancers. While role this opportunistic pathogen has been extensively studied in colorectal cancer recent years, research on its epidemiological mechanistic link gynecological (GDs) still ongoing. Thus, present review, which first kind, aims undertake a comprehensive critical reappraisal F. nucleatum, genetics promoting adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) GDs, Additionally, review discusses new conceptual advances immunomodulatory breast, ovarian, endometrial, cervical carcinomas through activation direct indirect signaling pathways. However, further studies needed explore elucidate highly dynamic process host–F. interactions discover pathways, will pave way for better preventive therapeutic strategies against pathobiont.

Язык: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Delivery Causes Histopathological Changes in the Placenta

Diseases, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(7), С. 142 - 142

Опубликована: Июль 2, 2024

Background: SARS-CoV-2 can damage human placentas, leading to pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and premature birth. This study investigates the histopathological changes found in COVID-19-affected placentas. Materials Methods: included 23 placentas from patients with active COVID-19 during delivery 22 samples without infection their medical history. The underwent examination for pathology, trophoblast necrosis, signs of vessel damage, or fetal vascular malperfusion. Results: Newborns research group have lower weights Apgar scores than healthy newborns. In group, calcifications collapsed intervillous space were more frequent, inflammation was severe group. At same time, placenta SARS-CoV-2-positive showed accelerated maturation. Trophoblast necrosis only expression CD68+ elevated cohort, suggesting that macrophages constituted a significant part inflammatory infiltrate. increase lymphocyte B markers associated placental infarctions, while high levels CD3+, specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, correlated injury. Conclusions: is pathological placenta, including calcification, villous Those appear be driven by cells macrophages, whose increased reflects ongoing histiocytic intervillositis placenta.

Язык: Английский

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Safety and Efficacy of Antiviral Drugs and Vaccines in Pregnant Women: Insights from Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Integration of Viral Infection Dynamics

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(7), С. 782 - 782

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024

Addressing the complexities of managing viral infections during pregnancy is essential for informed medical decision-making. This comprehensive review delves into management key impacting pregnant women, namely Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus/Hepatitis C (HBV/HCV), Influenza, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). We evaluate safety efficacy profiles antiviral treatments each infection, while also exploring innovative avenues such as gene vaccines their potential in mitigating threats pregnancy. Additionally, examines strategies to overcome challenges, encompassing prophylactic therapeutic vaccine research, regulatory considerations, protocols. Utilizing advanced methodologies, including PBPK modeling, machine learning, artificial intelligence, causal inference, we can amplify our comprehension decision-making capabilities this intricate domain. narrative aims shed light on diverse approaches ongoing advancements, foster progress therapy improving maternal fetal health outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of disease-modifying therapies on pregnancy outcomes in multiple sclerosis: a prospective cohort study from the German multiple sclerosis and pregnancy registry

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 48, С. 101137 - 101137

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Association between maternal rectovaginal group B streptococcus and the risk of stillbirth: a meta-analysis

PeerJ, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13, С. e18834 - e18834

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

Group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization in pregnant women is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, including stillbirth. This meta-analysis investigated the relationship between maternal rectovaginal GBS and risk of We conducted a comprehensive literature search across several databases, PubMed, Embase, Web Science, Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, covering studies published from inception database until September 9, 2024. The focused on observational comparing stillbirth without colonization. Results were summarized using odds ratios (ORs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs), random-effects model was used to account for potential heterogeneity. A total ten comprising 121,195 included analysis. pooled results indicated no significant overall association (OR: 1.66, CI [0.95-2.91], p = 0.08; I2 84%). However, sensitivity analyses revealed that intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) 1.36, [1.02-1.80], 0.03). Subgroup demonstrated retrospective 2.62, 0.04) employing multivariate analysis 2.11, 0.04). While did not find stillbirth, associations noted under specific conditions, such as IAP, designs, analyses. Further research needed clarify these associations.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcome of congenital malaria in Nigeria: a systematic review

Malaria Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

Congenital malaria remains a significant public health challenge in Nigeria, particularly regions with high endemicity. The increased vertical transmission of is partly associated the susceptibility women to during pregnancy. This systematic review aimed assess prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcomes congenital Nigeria. Twelve studies were included this review. Studies retrieved from multiple electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web Science, African Journals Online (AJOL), Cochrane Library subjected multistage screening per established eligibility criteria. study was registered PROSPERO conducted PRSIMA-established guidelines. Quality assessment done using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) framework, while narrative synthesis synthesized summarized extracted data. prevalence Nigeria ranged low 5.1% 96.3%. Clinical manifestations often non-specific, fever being most common symptom. Treatment regimens variety antimalarial drugs, chloroquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine, quinine, artemisinin-based combination therapy. While generally positive, some reported complications deaths. findings highlight need for improved diagnostic tools, standardized protocols, targeted interventions high-burden areas. Further research required investigate long-term neonates evaluate effectiveness different strategies. By addressing these gaps, effective prevention management strategies can be developed reduce burden

Язык: Английский

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Prenatal maternal infection promotes maternal microchimeric cells to alter infection risk in male offspring

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

Vertically transferred maternal cells or microchimeric (MMCs) engraft the fetus and persist in offspring for long periods of time. How altered immune states arising from infection affect MMCs their function is poorly understood. Here, we show that pregnancy-associated transient alters to differentially regulate immunity offspring. In male dams previously infected with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis , confer a pro-inflammatory type 17 T effector phenotype leads enhanced protective an unrelated Salmonella infection. Thus, acquired imprinted by microbial exposure during pregnancy exert antigen agnostic sex-differential effect on immunity, may potentially be targeted deliver benefits infants vulnerable early life period.

Язык: Английский

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ARID1A: multiple functions in human pregnancy

Journal of Reproductive Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 168, С. 104448 - 104448

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Incidence and predictors of respiratory tract infections among birth cohorts in Ethiopia, 2023

˜The œItalian Journal of Pediatrics/Italian journal of pediatrics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 51(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

Abstract Background Respiratory tract infection (RTI) has been a predominant health problem worldwide, including Ethiopia. It is one of the major causes under-five mortality in Ethiopia, accountable for 18% total deaths. Nationwide studies on incidence respiratory infections and maternal risk factors are limited. Hence, this study was aimed to determine predictors among infants aged less than six months 2023. Methods This retrospective follow up using data from Performance Monitoring Action Ethiopia (PMA Ethiopia). A two-stage cluster sampling technique used select 2,246 eligible participants 206 enumeration areas. Cox proportional hazards regression model identify independent incidence. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals p value < 0.05 were declare statically significant associations between variables. Results The rate birth cohorts 22.99 per 1000 infant weeks observation. Infants born mothers who sustained convulsion during labor had nearly doubled [AHR = 1.65, 95%CI (1.20, 2.28)] hazard or developing their counterparts. Similarly, having prolonged (more 12 h) half times 1.48, (1.13, 1.93)] increased as compared Conclusion public concern convulsions need closer monitoring early signs infections.

Язык: Английский

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Zika virus-induced fetal demise is driven by strain- and dose-specific RLR-driven activation of the interferon response in the decidua, placenta, and fetus in Ifnar1-/- mice.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), the set of fetal and neonatal complications associated with virus (ZIKV) infection in pregnancy, was first noted during outbreak Americas 2015-16. However, there an unequal distribution ZIKV cases severe outcomes all areas where emerged Americas, demonstrating that risk CZS varied over space time. Recently, we demonstrated phenotypic heterogeneity existed between closely-related strains. All strains tested infected placenta but their capacity to cause overt harm. Here, further characterized relative contributions genotype infecting dose two phenotypically distinct across multiple timepoints gestation pregnant mice lack type-I interferon receptor function ( Ifnar1 -/- ). To better understand underlying causes adverse outcomes, used RNA sequencing compare ZIKV-infected uninfected tissues. We found triggers retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptor-mediated activation response at maternal-fetal interface. modest chemical inhibition RIG-I decidua did not protect against demise. Instead, significantly Together, these findings suggest interface can vary depending on dose, immune is important mediator Previously, a mouse model pregnancy assess pathogenic potential fetus panel five, low-passage representing viral genetic diversity Americas. show this driven by pathway measured transcriptional activity stimulated genes fetuses demonstrate may contribute

Язык: Английский

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