Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Июль 26, 2023
Abstract
Anosmia
was
identified
as
a
hallmark
of
COVID-19
early
in
the
pandemic,
however,
with
emergence
variants
concern,
clinical
profile
induced
by
SARS-CoV-2
infection
has
changed,
anosmia
being
less
frequent.
Here,
we
assessed
clinical,
olfactory
and
neuroinflammatory
conditions
golden
hamsters
infected
original
Wuhan
strain,
its
isogenic
ORF7-deletion
mutant
three
variants:
Gamma,
Delta,
Omicron/BA.1.
We
show
that
animals
develop
variant-dependent
disease
including
anosmia,
ORF7
contributes
to
induction
dysfunction.
Conversely,
all
are
neuroinvasive,
regardless
presentation
they
induce.
Taken
together,
this
confirms
neuroinvasion
independent
phenomena
upon
infection.
Using
newly
generated
nanoluciferase-expressing
SARS-CoV-2,
validate
pathway
major
entry
point
into
brain
vivo
demonstrate
vitro
travels
retrogradely
anterogradely
along
axons
microfluidic
neuron-epithelial
networks.
Journal of Neuroinflammation,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
19(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2022
Abstract
Sinonasal
diseases,
such
as
rhinosinusitis,
affect
up
to
12%
of
individuals
each
year
which
constitutes
these
diseases
some
the
most
common
medical
conditions
in
world.
Exposure
environmental
pathogens
and
toxicants
via
nasal
cavity
can
result
a
severe
inflammatory
state
commonly
observed
conditions.
It
is
well
understood
that
epithelial
neuronal
cells
lining
olfactory
mucosa,
including
sensory
neurons
(OSNs),
are
significantly
damaged
diseases.
Prolonged
inflammation
may
also
lead
hyposmia
or
anosmia.
Although
various
agents
induce
different
ways
distinct
cellular
molecular
interactions,
has
similar
consequences
on
structure
homeostatic
function
bulb
(OB)
first
relay
center
for
information
brain.
Atrophy
OB
occurs
thinning
superficial
layers
nerve
layer,
glomerular
external
plexiform
layer.
Intrabulbar
circuits
include
connectivity
between
projection
neurons,
OSNs,
interneurons
become
dysregulated
synaptic
pruning
dendritic
retraction
take
place.
Furthermore,
glial
other
immune
hyperactivated
results
upregulated
cytokine
production.
Moreover,
many
features
present
case
SARS-CoV-2
infection.
This
review
summarizes
impact
morphological
physiological
rodent
OB.
eNeuro,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(6), С. ENEURO.0106 - 24.2024
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
Viruses,
such
as
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2),
use
epithelial
cells
an
entry
point
for
infection.
Within
the
nasal
cavity,
olfactory
epithelium
(OE)
is
particularly
sensitive
to
infections
which
may
lead
dysfunction.
In
patients
suffering
from
disease
2019,
deficits
in
olfaction
have
been
characterized
a
distinctive
symptom.
Here,
we
used
K18hACE2
mice
study
spread
of
SARS-CoV-2
infection
and
inflammation
system
(OS)
after
7
d
OE,
found
that
selectively
targeted
supporting/sustentacular
(SCs)
macrophages
lamina
propria.
brain,
infected
some
microglial
bulb
(OB),
there
was
widespread
projection
neurons
OB,
piriform
cortex
(PC),
tubular
striatum
(TuS).
Inflammation,
indicated
by
both
elevated
numbers
morphologically
activated
IBA1
+
(monocyte/macrophage
lineages),
preferentially
increased
OE
septum,
while
it
homogeneously
distributed
throughout
layers
PC,
TuS.
Myelinated
OS
axonal
tracts,
lateral
tract,
anterior
commissure,
exhibited
decreased
levels
2′,3′-cyclic-nucleotide
3′-phosphodiesterase,
indicative
myelin
defects.
Collectively,
our
work
supports
hypothesis
SC
and,
centrally,
microglia
subpopulations
neurons.
The
observed
areas
central
defects
account
long-lasting
deficit.
Translational Neurodegeneration,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Май 19, 2025
Abstract
There
is
increasing
interest
in
nose-to-brain
delivery
as
an
innovative
drug
strategy
for
neurodegenerative
disorders
such
Parkinson’s
or
Alzheimer’s
disease.
The
unique
anatomy
of
the
nose-brain
interface
facilitates
direct
transport
via
olfactory
and
trigeminal
pathways
to
brain,
bypassing
blood–brain
barrier.
Different
administration
techniques
well
advanced
formulations
like
targeted
nanoparticles
thermoresponsive
systems
have
been
explored
improve
efficiency
therapeutic
efficacy.
This
review
provides
up-to-date
perspective
on
this
fast-developing
field,
discusses
different
studies
safety
pharmacokinetic
properties.
A
thorough
evaluation
preclinical
clinical
reveals
both
promises
challenges
method,
highlighting
approved
drugs
treatment
epilepsy
migraine
that
successfully
utilize
intranasal
routes.
current
landscape
research
critically
discussed,
a
rationale
provided
ongoing
optimize
strategies.
Biomedicines,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(4), С. 830 - 830
Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2024
The
COVID-19
pandemic
has
been
a
health
emergency
with
significant
impact
on
the
world
due
to
its
high
infectiousness.
disease,
primarily
identified
in
lower
respiratory
tract,
develops
numerous
clinical
symptoms
affecting
multiple
organs
and
displays
finding
of
anosmia.
Several
authors
have
investigated
pathogenetic
mechanisms
olfactory
disturbances
caused
by
SARS-CoV-2
infection,
proposing
different
hypotheses
showing
contradictory
results.
Since
uncertainties
remain
about
possible
virus
neurotropism
direct
damage
bulb,
we
expression
as
well
ACE2
receptor
transcripts
autoptic
lung
bulb
tissues,
respect
histopathological
features.
Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1), С. 15 - 23
Опубликована: Май 23, 2024
COVID-19
infection
has
a
lasting
impact
on
human
health,
which
is
known
as
post-COVID-19
conditions.
Fatigue
one
of
the
most
commonly
reported
Management
fatigue
in
era
necessary
and
emerging.
The
use
medicinal
plants
may
provide
strategy
for
management
fatigue.
A
literature
search
been
conducted
by
using
PubMed,
Embase
Cochrane
library
databases
performed
studies
published
up
to
March
2024.
Keywords,
such
"post-COVID-19
conditions,
persistent
symptoms,
chronic
COVID-19,
long-term
sequelae,
fatigue,
herbal
plants,
herbs,
traditional
Chinese
medicine,
pharmacological
mechanisms,
actions"
are
thoroughly
searched
Englsih
Chinese.
This
study
reviews
pathophysiology
potential
managing
Representative
that
have
extensively
investigated
previous
presented
study.
Three
common
mechanisms
among
studied
with
each
mechanism
having
an
example.
latest
clinical
concerning
also
summarized.
shows
improving
consuming
plants.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2022
SUMMARY
Anosmia
was
identified
as
a
hallmark
of
COVID-19
early
in
the
pandemic,
however,
with
emergence
variants
concern,
clinical
profile
induced
by
SARS-CoV-2
infection
has
changed,
anosmia
being
less
frequent.
Here,
we
assessed
clinical,
olfactory
and
neuroinflammatory
conditions
golden
hamsters
infected
original
Wuhan
strain,
its
isogenic
ORF7-deletion
mutant
three
variants:
Gamma,
Delta,
Omicron/BA.1.
We
show
that
animals
developed
variant-dependent
disease
including
anosmia,
ORF7
contributes
to
induction
dysfunction.
Conversely,
all
SARS-
CoV-2
were
found
be
neuroinvasive,
regardless
presentation
they
induce.
Taken
together,
this
confirms
neuroinvasion
are
independent
phenomena
upon
infection.
Using
newly
generated
nanoluciferase-expressing
SARS-CoV-2,
validated
pathway
major
entry
point
into
brain
vivo
demonstrated
vitro
travels
retrogradely
anterogradely
along
axons
microfluidic
neuron-epithelial
networks.
Graphical
abstract
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2022
Objectives
Close
contact
with
patients
COVID-19
is
speculated
to
be
the
most
common
cause
of
viral
transmission,
but
pathogenesis
by
close
remains
elucidated.
In
addition,
despite
olfactory
impairment
being
a
unique
complication
COVID-19,
impact
SARS-CoV-2
on
cell
lineage
has
not
been
fully
validated.
This
study
aimed
elucidate
close-contact
transmission
nose
and
lungs
investigate
temporal
damage
in
receptor
neuron
(ORN)
caused
SARS-CoV-2.
Methods
Syrian
hamsters
were
orally
administered
nonvariant
nCoV-19/JPN/TY/WK521/2020
as
direct-infection
models.
On
day
3
after
inoculation,
infected
uninfected
housed
same
cage
for
30
minutes.
These
subsequently
assigned
group.
First,
presence
was
verified
infection
groups
at
several
time
points.
Next,
impacts
epithelium,
including
progenitors,
immature
ORNs,
mature
ORNs
examined
histologically.
Then,
status
chronological
changes
tissue
compared
between
groups.
Results
group,
could
detected
both
3,
virus
identified
tissues
7.
load
highest
decreased
7,
no
longer
detectable
14.
Histologically,
depleted
(p
<0.001)
showed
recovery
trend
14,
similar
trends
progenitors
ORNs.
there
obvious
number
all
ORN
cells
significantly
<0.001).
Conclusion
transmitted
even
brief
subsequent
epithelium
lung
occurred
more
than
days
trigger
infection.
The
present
also
indicated
that
damages
cells,
this
can
begin
recover
approximately
14
post
