The assessment of executive functions to test the integrity of the nigrostriatal network: A pilot study
Frontiers in Psychology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Март 29, 2023
Parkinson's
disease
(PD)
is
a
chronic
neurodegenerative
disorder
characterized
by
motor
and
non-motor
symptoms.
The
latter
mainly
include
affective,
sleep,
cognitive
deficits.
Non-demented
PD
patients
often
demonstrate
impairments
in
several
executive
domains
following
neuropsychological
evaluation.
current
pilot
study
aims
at
assessing
the
discriminatory
power
of
Frontal
Assessment
Battery-15
(FAB15)
differentiating
(i)
non-demented
healthy
controls
(ii)
with
more
less
pronounced
symptoms.Thirty-nine
early-stage
"on"
dopamine
state
(26
females,
mean
age
=
64.51
years,
SD
6.47,
duration
5.49
2.28)
39
participants
(24
62.60
5.51)
were
included
study.
All
completed
FAB15.
Motor
symptoms
quantified
via
Unified
Disease
Rating
Scale-Part
III
(UPDRS-Part
III)
Hoehn
Yahr
staging
scale
(H&Y).The
FAB15
score,
adjusted
according
to
normative
data
for
sex,
age,
education,
proved
be
sufficiently
able
discriminate
from
(AUC
0.69
[95%
CI
0.60-0.75],
SE
0.06,
p
0.04,
optimal
cutoff
11.29).
Conversely,
battery
lacked
sufficient
discriminative
capability
differentiate
based
on
severity
symptoms.The
may
valid
tool
distinguishing
controls.
However,
it
might
sensitive
identifying
clinical
phenotypes
visuospatial
resulting
posteroparietal
and/or
temporal
dysfunctions.
In
line
previous
evidence,
demonstrated
not
expendable
practice
monitoring
PD-related
Язык: Английский
Functional Characteristics and Coping Strategies among Rugby Athletes: A Cluster Analysis Approach
Journal of Personalized Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(3), С. 292 - 292
Опубликована: Март 9, 2024
The
developing
domain
of
mental
health
in
sports
has
gained
much
interest,
acknowledging
its
pivotal
role
athlete
performance
and
well-being.
aim
this
research
is
to
provide
a
quantitative
description
concerning
the
levels
health,
physical
activity,
cognitive
fusion,
flexibility,
coping
strategies
that
characterize
rugby
athletes
by
using
data-driven
approach.
A
total
92
took
part
study
filled
out
set
self-administered
questionnaires.
correlational
analysis
showed
general
well-being
was
positively
associated
with
years
spent
playing
(r
=
0.23)
mechanisms
0.29).
Athletes’
also
negatively
correlated
inflexibility
−0.41)
fusion
−0.39).
k-means
cluster
identified
two
unique
groups:
group
1,
characterized
higher
psychological
well-being,
lower
greater
improved
techniques,
reduced
2,
which
exhibits
opposite
characteristics.
discrepancies
observed
characteristics
such
as
strategies,
highlight
their
potential
impact
on
players.
To
comprehend
complex
interplay
between
elements
athletes,
long-term
studies
larger
samples
are
crucial.
Язык: Английский
The Relationship between Executive Functions and Body Weight: Sex as a Moderating Variable
Behavioral Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(3), С. 258 - 258
Опубликована: Март 21, 2024
This
study
explores
the
interplay
between
executive
functions
and
body
weight,
examining
both
influence
of
biological
factors,
specifically
sex,
methodological
issues,
such
as
choice
Body
Mass
Index
(BMI)
waist
circumference
(WC)
primary
anthropometric
measure.
A
total
386
participants
(222
females,
mean
age
=
45.98
years,
SD
17.70)
were
enrolled,
from
whom
sociodemographic
(sex,
age,
years
formal
education)
(BMI
WC)
data
collected.
Executive
evaluated
using
Frontal
Assessment
Battery–15
(FAB15).
The
results
showed
increased
effectiveness
WC
over
BMI
in
relationships
functions,
sex
differences,
weight.
In
particular,
this
revealed
that
there
was
a
significant
moderating
effect
at
comparable
levels
functioning.
Specifically,
women
with
higher
performance
had
lower
WCs
than
their
male
counterparts,
suggesting
function
has
greater
impact
on
men.
Our
findings
highlight
importance
conducting
more
in-depth
investigations
complex
relationship
cognitive
deficits
weight
gain,
considering
confounding
variables
behavioral,
psychobiological,
neurophysiological
origin.
Язык: Английский
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A New Possibility in Obesity Treatment
The Open Neurology Journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2024
Obesity
is
a
major
public
health
challenge
and
results
from
the
complex
interaction
of
many
etiopathogenetic
factors.
However,
food-related
hedonic
stimuli
poor
inhibitory
control
often
appear
to
be
specific
maintenance
factors,
conventional
treatments
are
sometimes
ineffective.
Transcranial
magnetic
stimulation
emerging
as
promising
treatment
option.
Targeting
brain
regions,
such
dorsolateral
prefrontal
cortex,
was
found
effective
in
modulating
acute
food
craving
improving
cognitive
control.
This
review
traces
evolution
development
transcranial
presents
recent
randomized
clinical
trials
conducted
obese
subjects.
These
suggest
that
repetitive
deep
may
reducing
body
weight,
BMI
cravings.
The
neural
circuits
involved
underlying
mechanisms
action
this
neurostimulation
technique
also
reviewed.
Finally,
outstanding
questions
future
research
directions
identified
further
understand
develop
therapy.
Язык: Английский
Health-Related Quality of Life in Rugby Athletes: The Role of Dietary Supplements and Their Consumption
Sports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(10), С. 270 - 270
Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2024
This
study
investigates
dietary
supplement
use
among
rugby
players
and
their
general
health,
focusing
on
prevalence
underlying
motivations.
Involving
92
athletes,
it
examines
the
relationship
between
usage,
motivations,
health
outcomes
using
36-item
Short
Form
Health
Survey
a
24-item
ad
hoc
questionnaire.
Findings
reveal
high
frequency
of
motivated
by
desires
to
enhance
performance,
appearance,
mood.
Significant
differences
in
health-related
quality
life
are
found
users
non-users,
particularly
mental
social
functioning,
emotional
stability.
Motivations
like
performance
enhancement
body
shape
manipulation
were
linked
altered
perceptions,
indicating
psychosocial
impacts
supplementation.
emphasizes
need
consider
holistic
effects
supplements
athlete
well-being,
advocating
for
balanced
approach
prioritizing
both
physical
health.
It
calls
increased
awareness
coaches,
sports
professionals
about
potential
risks
benefits
importance
informed
decision-making.
Additionally,
highlights
further
research
understand
mechanisms
its
impact
aiming
science
promote
overall
well-being
competitive
environments.
Язык: Английский