The role of lipid metabolism in cognitive impairment

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 83(01), С. 001 - 013

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD), diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI), and vascular dementia (VD) are considered the most common causes of severe in clinical practice. Numerous factors can influence their progression, many studies have recently revealed that metabolic disorders play crucial roles progression impairment. Mounting evidence indicate regulation lipid metabolism is a major factor maintaining brain homeostasis. Generally, abnormalities affect amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, insulin resistance through signaling cascades; neuronal membrane structure, neurotransmitter synthesis release; promote synapse growth, which impact neural signal transmission exacerbate individuals with impairment, including AD, DCI, VD. Moreover, apolipoprotein E (APOE), key protein transport, involved occurrence development aforementioned diseases by regulating metabolism. The present article mainly discusses how microenvironment it explores regulatory effects targeting transport APOE context role pathogenesis three diseases—Aβ resistance—which will help elucidate potential for treatment

Язык: Английский

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Excessive Weight Gain During Pregnancy Increased Ponoxarase 1 Level in Neonatal Cord Blood

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1), С. 105 - 105

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Maternal obesity is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for adverse fetal outcomes, primarily through its association with heightened oxidative stress. This study aimed to evaluate stress markers in umbilical cord blood of neonates born obese mothers. Sixty-three pregnant women, who were normal weight at the start pregnancy but classified term, included. Umbilical samples collected immediately post-delivery and analyzed serum (total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant (TAS), paraoxanase (PON), aryl esterase, thiol, catalase activities). Protein interaction networks generated using Cytoscape (v3.10.3), overlapping proteins further functional annotations ShinyGO (0.80). The top ten significantly enriched pathways identified false discovery rate (FDR) threshold <0.05. Significant associations found between maternal BMI change paraoxonase 1 (PON1) levels blood, while no correlation was observed other status) status, catalase). Additionally, analysis showed significant relationship gestational age, not demographic or clinical features. A 24 common protein interactors associated PON1, obesity, identified. Functional annotation revealed enrichment oxidoreductase activities, along involved insulin resistance, AGE-RAGE signaling, atherosclerosis. may specifically affect PON1 activity, potentially serving compensatory response neonates, suggesting possible biomarker stress-related metabolic disturbances mothers, implications monitoring managing outcomes populations.

Язык: Английский

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Relative Fat Mass and Physical Indices as Predictors of Gallstone Formation: Insights From Machine Learning and Logistic Regression

International Journal of General Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер Volume 18, С. 509 - 527

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Gallstones (GS), a prevalent disorder of the biliary tract, markedly impair patients' quality life. This study aims to construct predictive models employing diverse machine learning algorithms elucidate risk factors linked gallstone formation. integrated data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with cohort 7868 participants Wuxi People's Hospital Second Hospital, including 830 individuals diagnosed gallstones. To develop our model, we employed four algorithms-Logistic Regression, Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Support Vector Machine (SVM). The were validated internally through k-fold cross-validation externally using independent datasets. Furthermore, substantiated link between relative fat mass (RFM) formation by logistic regression models, conducting subgroup analyses, applying restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves. algorithm demonstrated superior capability for all associated occurrence compared other models. SHAP analysis identified RFM, weight-to-waist index (WWI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body (BMI) as prominent predictors occurrence, RFM emerging primary determinant. A fully adjusted multivariate revealed robust positive association Subgroup further indicated that did not alter relationship prevalence. Among algorithmic proved most effective in predicting occurrence. model developed this offers clinicians valuable tool identifying critical prognostic factors, facilitating personalized patient monitoring tailored management.

Язык: Английский

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Relationship between Body Roundness Index and cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults: a population-based cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

Cognitive impairment is a growing public health concern, particularly in aging populations. Obesity, as measured by various indices, has been linked to cognitive decline, but the relationship between Body Roundness Index (BRI) and remains unclear. This study aims evaluate association BRI rural, low-income, low-education population China determine if can be used an independent predictor of decline. cross-sectional included participants aged 35-95 years from rural Tianjin, China. The mean age was 64.35 ± 7.58 years. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews, physical examinations, laboratory tests. function assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), calculated grouped into quartiles. Univariate multivariate logistic regression analyses performed examine impairment. Subgroup conducted explore interactions BRI, age, gender, hypertension. dose-response analyzed restricted cubic spline models. Of participants, 36.5% had Multivariate analysis showed that women, individuals 65 over, those with hypertension higher risk Participants second quartile 31% lower compared first (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.51-0.94, p = 0.017). revealed significantly associated under 65, not older participants. MMSE score inverted U-shaped curve, weakest observed around 4.49. Index, conjunction hypertension, serve useful impairment, younger Early identification at may facilitate timely interventions, reducing burden decline on patients healthcare systems.

Язык: Английский

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Sleep Quality and Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Advanced Technological Devices

Diabetology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 6(3), С. 21 - 21

Опубликована: Март 14, 2025

Introduction/Aim: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) challenges glycemic control, with sleep disturbances affecting insulin sensitivity and glucose variability. This study aimed to observe quality in T1D patients outcomes, particularly at bedtime hours. Methods: retrospective observational study, conducted an Italian clinical center, included using Medtronic devices. Sleep was assessed the version of Pittsburgh Quality Index (PSQI), outcomes were analyzed CGM data. Descriptive statistics non-parametric tests applied for statistical comparisons. Results: Of 45 patients, four excluded, leaving 41 analysis. The mean PSQI score 6.0 ± 4.1, 36.6% showing poor quality. No significant differences age, sex, BMI, or duration found. Poor sleepers had a higher time above range level 2 (TAR2) (6.3 6.2%) compared good (4.1 5.0%). During hours, showed significantly TAR2 (6.7 7.2% vs. 3.3 6.2%, p = 0.013). Conclusions: is associated increased nocturnal hyperglycemia patients. Enhancing may contribute improved during nighttime. Future research should explore targeted interventions care, specific lifestyle-based healthcare programs are recommended optimize outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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