Features and applications of haplotypes in crop breeding

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 4(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2021

Abstract Climate change with altered pest-disease dynamics and rising abiotic stresses threatens resource-constrained agricultural production systems worldwide. Genomics-assisted breeding (GAB) approaches have greatly contributed to enhancing crop efficiency delivering better varieties. Fast-growing capacity affordability of DNA sequencing has motivated large-scale germplasm projects, thus opening exciting avenues for mining haplotypes applications. This review article highlights ways mine apply them complex trait dissection in GAB including haplotype-GWAS, haplotype-based breeding, haplotype-assisted genomic selection. Improvement strategies that efficiently deploy superior hasten progress will be key safeguarding global food security.

Язык: Английский

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Research progress on the physiological response and molecular mechanism of cold response in plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024

Low temperature is a critical environmental stress factor that restricts crop growth and geographical distribution, significantly impacting quality yield. When plants are exposed to low temperatures, series of changes occur in their external morphology internal physiological biochemical metabolism. This article comprehensively reviews the alterations regulatory mechanisms indices, such as membrane system stability, redox system, fatty acid content, photosynthesis, osmoregulatory substances, response low-temperature plants. Furthermore, we summarize recent research on signal transduction pathways, phytohormones, epigenetic modifications, other molecular mediating temperatures higher In addition, outline cultivation practices improve plant cold resistance highlight cold-related genes used breeding. Last, discuss future directions, potential application prospects breeding, significant breakthroughs mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

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Artificial intelligence in plant breeding

Trends in Genetics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 40(10), С. 891 - 908

Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2024

Harnessing cutting-edge technologies to enhance crop productivity is a pivotal goal in modern plant breeding. Artificial intelligence (AI) renowned for its prowess big data analysis and pattern recognition, revolutionizing numerous scientific domains including We explore the wider potential of AI tools various facets breeding, collection, unlocking genetic diversity within genebanks, bridging genotype–phenotype gap facilitate This will enable development cultivars tailored projected future environments. Moreover, also hold promise refining traits by improving precision gene-editing systems predicting effects gene variants on phenotypes. Leveraging AI-enabled breeding can augment efficiency programs holds optimizing cropping at grassroots level. entails identifying optimal inter-cropping crop-rotation models agricultural sustainability field.

Язык: Английский

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Past and future of cytoplasmic male sterility and heterosis breeding in crop plants

Plant Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 44(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Harnessing Crop Wild Diversity for Climate Change Adaptation

Genes, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(5), С. 783 - 783

Опубликована: Май 20, 2021

Warming and drought are reducing global crop production with a potential to substantially worsen malnutrition. As the green revolution in last century, plant genetics may offer concrete opportunities increase yield adaptability. However, rate at which threat is happening requires powering new strategies order meet food demand. In this review, we highlight major recent ‘big data’ developments from both empirical theoretical genomics that speed up identification, conservation, breeding of exotic elite varieties feed humans. We first emphasize bottlenecks capture utilize novel sources variation abiotic stress (i.e., heat drought) tolerance. argue adaptation wild relatives dry environments could be informative on how phenotypes react drier climate because natural selection has already tested more options than humans ever will. Because isolated pockets cryptic diversity still persist remote semi-arid regions, encourage habitat-based population-guided collections for genebanks. continue discussing systematically study tolerance these landraces using geo-referencing extensive environmental data. By uncovering genes underlie adaptive trait, introgressed into cultivars. unlocking genetic hidden related species early remains challenge complex traits that, as tolerance, polygenic regulated by many low-effect genes). Therefore, finish prospecting modern analytical approaches will serve overcome issue. Concretely, genomic prediction, machine learning, multi-trait gene editing, all innovative alternatives accurate pre- efforts toward adaptability yield, while matching future demands face increased drought. succeed, advocate trans-disciplinary approach open-source data long-term funding. The perspectives discussed throughout review ultimately aim contribute waves events.

Язык: Английский

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Advances in Crop Breeding Through Precision Genome Editing

Frontiers in Genetics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2022

The global climate change and unfavourable abiotic biotic factors are limiting agricultural productivity therefore intensifying the challenges for crop scientists to meet rising demand food supply. introduction of applied genetics agriculture through plant breeding facilitated development hybrid varieties with improved productivity. However, new existing gene pools poses a challenge breeders. Genetic engineering holds potential broaden genetic diversity by genes into crops. But random insertion foreign DNA plant’s nuclear genome often leads transgene silencing. Recent advances in field include technique called editing. Genome editing technologies have emerged as powerful tools precisely modify genomes at specific sites genome, which has been longstanding goal precise modification target absence genome-edited plants, faster cheaper method remarkable features genome-editing technology that resulted its widespread application less than decade. This review focuses on precision includes: an overview different approaches improvement; their mechanism action most widely used technology, CRISPR/Cas9, improvement especially agronomic traits such disease resistance, stress tolerance, herbicide yield quality improvement, reduction anti-nutrients, shelf life; update regulatory approval also throws light high-yielding climate-resilient crops

Язык: Английский

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Crucial factors for the feasibility of commercial hybrid breeding in food crops

Nature Plants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(5), С. 463 - 473

Опубликована: Май 5, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Evolutionary dynamics and adaptive benefits of deleterious mutations in crop gene pools

Trends in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(6), С. 685 - 697

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2023

Mutations with deleterious consequences in nature may be conditionally crop plants. That is, while some genetic variants reduce fitness under wild conditions and subject to purifying selection, they can positive selection domesticates. Such alleles plant breeding targets, particularly for complex traits. The difficulty of distinguishing favorable from unfavorable reduces the power trait variation heterosis attributable alleles. Here, we review roles mutations discuss how used as a new avenue improvement emerging genomic tools, including HapMaps pangenome analysis, aiding identification, removal, or exploitation mutations.

Язык: Английский

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Perspectives of improving rice photosynthesis for higher grain yield

Crop and Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3(3), С. 123 - 137

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2024

Many efforts have been made to enhance rice photosynthesis for higher grain yields, although such knowledge has seldom integrated into breeding programs. In this review, I first address the limitations and challenges of theory that yield is controlled by photosynthesis, a concept rooted in fact carbon forms significant part plant mass, with acting as fundamental pathway assimilation. Subsequently, discussion covers indices, their measurement techniques, establishing correlations between indices yields. The review then delves recent advancements, including leveraging natural variations, enhancing electron transport chain, augmenting efficiency ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), increasing CO2 concentration around Rubisco, initiatives like C4 project, strategies photorespiration bypass, non-leaf contributions. conclusion emphasizes future research directions advocating incorporation within broader organismic processes, unraveling complex link yield, developing efficient direct methods phenotyping, assessing photosynthetic performance under actual field conditions.

Язык: Английский

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A Study on Genetically Engineered Foods: Need, Benefits, Risk, and Current Knowledge

Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 82(3), С. 1931 - 1946

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024

Язык: Английский

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