International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
24(10), С. 9039 - 9039
Опубликована: Май 20, 2023
Neutrophil
energy
metabolism
during
phagocytosis
has
been
previously
reported,
and
adenosine
triphosphate
(ATP)
plays
a
crucial
role
in
endocytosis.
Neutrophils
are
prepared
by
intraperitoneal
injection
of
thioglycolate
for
4
h.
We
reported
system
established
measuring
particulate
matter
endocytosis
neutrophils
using
flow
cytometry.
In
this
study,
we
utilized
to
investigate
the
relationship
between
consumption
neutrophils.
A
dynamin
inhibitor
suppressed
ATP
triggered
neutrophil
presence
exogenous
ATP,
behave
differently
depending
on
concentration.
The
inhibition
synthase
nicotinamide
adenine
dinucleotide
phosphate
oxidase
but
not
phosphatidylinositol-3
kinase
suppresses
nuclear
factor
kappa
B
was
activated
inhibited
I
(IKK)
inhibitors.
Notably,
IKK
inhibitors
restored
endocytosis-triggered
consumption.
Furthermore,
data
from
NLR
family
pyrin
domain
containing
three
knockout
mice
suggest
that
inflammasome
activation
is
involved
or
concomitant
To
summarize,
these
molecular
events
occur
via
endocytosis,
which
closely
related
ATP-centered
metabolism.
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2022
Oxidative
stress
is
a
pivotal
point
in
the
pathophysiology
of
COVID-19
and
presumably
also
Long-COVID.
Inflammation
oxidative
are
mutually
reinforcing
each
other,
thus
contributing
to
systemic
hyperinflammatory
state
coagulopathy
which
cardinal
pathological
mechanisms
severe
stages.
patients,
like
other
critically
ill
patients
e.g.
with
pneumonia,
very
often
show
deficiency
antioxidant
vitamin
C.
So
far,
it
has
not
been
investigated
how
long
this
lasts
or
whether
COVID
symptoms
suffer
from
deficiencies.
A
C
deficit
serious
consequences
because
one
most
effective
antioxidants,
but
co-factor
many
enzymatic
processes
that
affect
immune
nervous
system,
blood
circulation
energy
metabolism.
Because
its
anti-oxidative,
anti-inflammatory,
endothelial-restoring,
immunomodulatory
effects
supportive
intravenous
(iv)
use
supraphysiological
doses
so
far
12
controlled
observational
studies
altogether
1578
inpatients
COVID-19.
In
these
an
improved
oxygenation,
decrease
inflammatory
markers
faster
recovery
were
observed.
addition,
early
treatment
iv
high
dose
seems
reduce
risks
courses
disease
such
as
pneumonia
mortality.
Persistent
inflammation,
thrombosis
dysregulated
response
(auto-immune
phenomena
and/or
persistent
viral
load)
seem
be
major
contributors
inflammation
involved
development
progression
fatigue
neuro-psychiatric
various
diseases
by
disrupting
tissue
(e.g.
autoantibodies),
flow
thrombosis)
neurotransmitter
metabolism
excitotoxicity).
oncological
diseases,
infections
autoimmune
associated
fatigue,
cognitive
disorders,
pain
depression
similar
Long-COVID,
was
shown
significantly
relieve
symptoms.
Supportive
acute
might
therefore
risk
Allergy,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
78(7), С. 1810 - 1846
Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2023
Abstract
Eosinophils
are
bone
marrow‐derived
granulocytes
and
found
in
low
numbers
the
peripheral
blood
of
healthy
subjects.
In
type
2
inflammatory
diseases,
eosinopoiesis
marrow
is
increased,
resulting
a
rise
number
mature
eosinophils
released
circulation.
From
blood,
can
migrate
multiple
tissues
organs
under
both
physiological
pathological
conditions.
exert
their
various
functions
through
synthesis
release
variety
granule
proteins
pro‐inflammatory
mediators.
Despite
being
present
all
species
vertebrates,
functional
role
still
matter
debate.
may
play
host
defense
against
pathogens.
addition,
have
been
reported
to
be
involved
tissue
homeostasis
exhibit
immunomodulatory
activities.
this
review,
we
aim
provide
broad
overview
eosinophil
biology
eosinophilic
diseases
lexicon‐style
format
using
keywords
starting
from
A
until
Z
with
cross‐references
other
chapters
indicated
italics
text
or
specified
parentheses.
Diagnostics,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(9), С. 2147 - 2147
Опубликована: Сен. 3, 2022
Body
fluids
are
constantly
replenished
with
a
population
of
genetically
diverse
cell-free
DNA
(cfDNA)
fragments,
representing
vast
reservoir
information
reflecting
real-time
changes
in
the
host
and
metagenome.
As
many
body
can
be
collected
non-invasively
one-off
serial
fashion,
this
tapped
to
develop
assays
for
diagnosis,
prognosis,
monitoring
wide-ranging
pathologies,
such
as
solid
tumors,
fetal
genetic
abnormalities,
rejected
organ
transplants,
infections,
potentially
others.
The
translation
cfDNA
research
into
useful
clinical
tests
is
gaining
momentum,
recent
progress
being
driven
by
rapidly
evolving
preanalytical
analytical
procedures,
integrated
bioinformatics,
machine
learning
algorithms.
Yet,
despite
these
spectacular
advances,
remains
very
challenging
analyte
due
its
immense
heterogeneity
fluctuation
vivo.
It
increasingly
recognized
that
high-fidelity
reconstruction
stored
cfDNA,
turn
development
fit
roll-out,
requires
much
deeper
understanding
both
physico-chemical
features
biological,
physiological,
lifestyle,
environmental
factors
modulate
it.
This
daunting
task,
but
significant
upsides.
In
review
we
showed
how
expanded
knowledge
on
biology
faithful
reverse-engineering
samples
promises
(i)
augment
sensitivity
specificity
existing
assays;
(ii)
expand
repertoire
disease-specific
markers,
thereby
leading
powerful
(iii)
reshape
personal
molecular
medicine;
(iv)
have
an
unprecedented
impact
genetics
research.
Human Cell,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
36(4), С. 1265 - 1282
Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2023
Abstract
Metabolic
and
inflammatory
pathways
are
highly
interdependent,
both
systems
dysregulated
in
Type
2
diabetes
(T2D).
T2D
is
associated
with
pre-activated
signaling
networks,
aberrant
cytokine
production
increased
acute
phase
reactants
which
leads
to
a
pro-inflammatory
‘feed
forward
loop’.
Nutrient
‘excess’
conditions
hyperglycemia,
elevated
lipids
branched-chain
amino
acids
significantly
alter
the
functions
of
immune
cells
including
neutrophils.
Neutrophils
metabolically
active
utilizes
energy
from
glycolysis,
stored
glycogen
β
-oxidation
while
depending
on
pentose
phosphate
pathway
for
NADPH
performing
effector
such
as
chemotaxis,
phagocytosis
forming
extracellular
traps.
changes
result
constitutive
activation
impeded
acquisition
or
regulatory
activities
neutrophils
render
subjects
recurrent
infections.
Increased
flux
through
polyol
hexosamine
pathways,
advanced
glycation
end
products
(AGEs),
protein
kinase
C
isoforms
lead
(a)
an
enhancement
superoxide
generation;
(b)
stimulation
subsequently
(c)
abnormal
host
responses.
Neutrophil
dysfunction
diminishes
effectiveness
wound
healing,
successful
tissue
regeneration
surveillance
against
offending
pathogens.
Hence,
reprogramming
determines
frequency,
severity
duration
infections
T2D.
The
present
review
discusses
influence
altered
immuno-metabolic
axis
neutrophil
along
challenges
therapeutic
opportunities
clinical
management
T2D-associated
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Май 24, 2023
The
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
of
glioblastoma
(GB)
is
characterized
by
an
increased
infiltration
immunosuppressive
cells
that
attenuate
the
antitumor
immune
response.
participation
neutrophils
in
progression
still
controversial
and
a
dual
role
TME
has
been
proposed.
In
this
study,
we
show
are
reprogrammed
to
ultimately
promote
GB
progression.Using
vitro
vivo
assays,
demonstrate
existence
bidirectional
neutrophil
communication,
directly
promoting
TME.Neutrophils
have
shown
play
important
malignancy
especially
advanced
3D
model
Balb/c
nude
mice
experiments,
implying
time-
concentration-dependent
modulation.
Studying
energetic
metabolism
indicated
mitochondria
mismatch
shaping
secretome.
given
data
suggests
cytokine
milieu
patients
with
favors
recruitment
neutrophils,
sustaining
anti-inflammatory
profile
which
associated
poor
prognosis.
Besides,
glioma-neutrophil
crosstalk
sustained
prolonged
activation
via
NETs
formation,
indicating
NFκB
signaling
progression.
Moreover,
clinical
samples
neutrophil-lymphocyte
ratio
(NLR),
IL-1β,
IL-10
outcomes
GB.These
results
relevant
for
understanding
how
occurs
can
help
process.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 29, 2024
Neutrophils,
the
most
abundant
leukocytes
in
human
peripheral
circulation,
are
crucial
for
innate
immune
response.
They
typically
quiescent
but
rapidly
activate
response
to
infection
and
inflammation,
performing
diverse
functions
such
as
oxidative
burst,
phagocytosis,
NETosis,
which
require
significant
metabolic
adaptation.
Deeper
insights
into
changes
will
help
identify
regulation
of
neutrophil
health
diseases.
Due
their
short
lifespan
associated
technical
challenges,
processes
neutrophils
not
completely
understood.
This
study
uses
optical
imaging
(OMI),
entails
redox
ratio
fluorescence
lifetime
microscopy
intrinsic
coenzymes
NAD(P)H
FAD
assess
state
single
neutrophils.
Primary
were
imaged
Pharmaceuticals,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
15(5), С. 642 - 642
Опубликована: Май 23, 2022
Despite
their
reported
therapeutic
properties,
not
much
is
known
about
the
immunomodulatory
activity
of
essential
oils
present
in
Artemisia
species.
We
isolated
from
flowers
and
leaves
five
species:
A.
tridentata,
ludoviciana,
dracunculus,
frigida,
cana.
The
chemical
composition
oil
samples
had
similarities
differences
as
compared
to
those
previously
literature.
main
components
obtained
cana
were
camphor
(23.0–51.3%),
1,8-cineole
(5.7–30.0%),
camphene
(1.6–7.7%),
borneol
(2.3–14.6%),
artemisiole
(1.2–7.5%),
terpinen-4-ol
(2.0–6.9%),
α-pinene
(0.8–3.9%),
santolinatriene
(0.7–3.5%).
Essential
dracunculus
enriched
methyl
chavicol
(38.8–42.9%),
eugenol
(26.1–26.4%),
terpinolene
(5.5–8.8%),
(E/Z)-β-ocimene
(7.3–16.0%),
β-phellandrene
(1.3–2.2%),
p-cymen-8-ol
(0.9–2.3%),
xanthoxylin
(1.2–2.2%).
A
comparison
across
species
also
demonstrated
that
some
compounds
only
one
Although
weak
activators
human
neutrophils,
they
relatively
more
potent
inhibiting
subsequent
neutrophil
Ca2+
mobilization
with
N-formyl
peptide
receptor
1
(FPR1)
agonist
fMLF-
FPR2
WKYMVM,
most
being
dracunculus.
Further
analysis
unique
found
showed
farnesene,
a
compound
similar
hydrocarbon
structure
lipoxin
A4,
inhibited
influx
induced
neutrophils
by
fMLF
(IC50
=
1.2
μM),
WKYMVM
1.4
or
interleukin
8
2.6
μM).
Pretreatment
farnesene
chemotaxis
fMLF,
suggesting
these
treatments
down-regulated
responses
inflammatory
chemoattractants.
Thus,
our
studies
have
identified
potential
anti-inflammatory
modulator
neutrophils.
Immunological Reviews,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
314(1), С. 326 - 356
Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2022
Summary
The
term
“vasculitis”
refers
to
a
group
of
rare
immune‐mediated
diseases
characterized
by
the
dysregulated
immune
system
attacking
blood
vessels
located
in
any
organ
body,
including
skin,
lungs,
and
kidneys.
Vasculitides
are
classified
according
size
vessel
that
is
affected.
Although
this
observation
not
specific
small‐,
medium‐,
or
large‐vessel
vasculitides,
patients
show
high
circulating
neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte
ratio,
suggesting
direct
indirect
involvement
neutrophils
these
diseases.
As
first
responders
infection
inflammation,
release
cytotoxic
mediators,
reactive
oxygen
species,
proteases,
neutrophil
extracellular
traps.
If
controlled,
dangerous
arsenal
can
injure
vascular
system,
which
acts
as
main
transport
route
for
neutrophils,
thereby
amplifying
initial
inflammatory
stimulus
recruitment
cells.
This
review
highlights
ability
“set
tone”
cells
other
wall.
Considering
both
their
long‐established
newly
described
roles,
we
extend
functions
far
beyond
host‐damaging
potential.
We
also
roles
various
types
primary
vasculitis,
complex
anti‐neutrophil
cytoplasmic
antibody‐associated
polyarteritis
nodosa,
Kawasaki
disease,
giant
cell
arteritis,
Takayasu
Behçet's
disease.
