Comparative effectiveness of bivalent BA.4-5 and BA.1 mRNA booster vaccines among adults aged ≥50 years in Nordic countries: nationwide cohort study

BMJ, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. e075286 - e075286

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2023

Abstract Objective To estimate the effectiveness of bivalent mRNA booster vaccines containing original SARS-CoV-2 and omicron BA.4-5 or BA.1 subvariants as fourth dose against severe covid-19. Design Nationwide cohort analyses, using target trial emulation. Setting Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, from 1 July 2022 to 10 April 2023. Participants People aged ≥50 years who had received at least three doses covid-19 vaccine (that is, a primary course first booster). Main outcome measures The Kaplan-Meier estimator was used compare risk hospital admission death related in people Comirnaty (Pfizer-BioNTech) Spikevax (Moderna) (second booster) with (first vaccinated between four people. Results A total 634 199 receiving 042 124 across Nordic countries were included. Receipt associated comparative 67.8% (95% confidence interval 63.1% 72.5%) difference –91.9 –152.4 –31.4) per 100 000 months follow-up compared having (289 v 893 events). corresponding for boosters (332 977 events) 65.8% (59.1% 72.4%) –112.9 (–179.6 –46.2) 000, respectively. Comparative 69.8% (52.8% 86.8%) –34.1 (–40.1 –28.2) (93 325 70.0% (50.3% 89.7%) –38.7 (–65.4 –12.0) (86 286) dose. Comparing directly resulted month –14.9% (–62.3% 32.4%) 10.0 (–14.4 34.4) (802 932 unweighted –40.7% (–123.4% 42.1%) 8.1 (–3.3 19.4) (229 243 did not differ sex age (</≥70 years) seemed be sustained up six day vaccination modest waning. Conclusion Vaccination reduced rates among adults years. protection afforded by significantly when compared, any potential would most likely very small absolute numbers.

Язык: Английский

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Comparative effectiveness of the bivalent BA.4-5 and BA.1 mRNA-booster vaccines in the Nordic countries

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2023

ABSTRACT Background Data on the comparative vaccine effectiveness (CVE) of bivalent mRNA-booster vaccines containing original SARS-CoV-2 and omicron BA.4-5 BA.1 subvariants are limited. Methods In a period predominance, we estimated CVE Comirnaty (Pfizer-BioNTech) Spikevax (Moderna) given as fourth dose in Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden. From 1 July 2022 to 12 December 2022, conducted nationwide cohort analyses using target trial emulation compare risks Covid-19 hospitalization death four-dose (second booster) with three-dose (first vaccinated between individuals. Results Compared having received three doses, receipt booster was associated country-combined against 80.5% (95% confidence interval, 69.5% 91.5%). The corresponding for boosters 74.0% (68.6% 79.4%). 77.8% (48.3% 100%) 80.1% (72.0% 88.2%) dose, respectively. vs. were 32.3% (10.6% 53.9%) 12.3% (−36.1% 60.7%) (the latter estimable Denmark only). Conclusions Vaccination or increased protection during predominance. Bivalent conferred moderately greater compared boosters.

Язык: Английский

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Real-world evidence of remdesivir in formerly hospitalized COVID-19 patients: patient-reported and functional outcomes

BMC Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

Abstract Background Post-COVID condition (PCC) is characterized by persisting symptoms after the resolution of acute COVID-19. Remdesivir (RDV), a broad-spectrum antiviral drug, has been widely used in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 requiring oxygen therapy. We aimed to evaluate effects RDV on PCC assessing patient-reported and functional outcomes. Methods data from single-center registry, including formerly post-COVID ( N = 293). Propensity score matching (PSM) was (16 criteria, 1:1 ratio) obtain two comparable groups: those who received standard-of-care (SOC, 94) treated addition SOC (SOC + RDV, 94). Primary outcomes were asymptomatic status at least 50% symptom reduction follow-up. Secondary included results pulmonary function (PF) tests, 6-minute walk test (6MWT), quality-of-life (QoL) questionnaires. Results After PSM, baseline patient characteristics showed no significant differences between groups. Most still symptomatic (60% vs. 66%). In group, use supplementation (94 80%, p 0.005) steroids (97 88%, 0.027) during infection higher, while presented their visits earlier (median 68 97 days, 0.003). Complete or reported significantly stage group compared (multivariable-adjusted HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.33–3.92, 0.003; 2.08, 1.43–3.02, < 0.001; respectively). fewer experienced sleep disturbances PCC, sleep-related questionnaires (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) better quality (14 27% 5.9 7.7 points, There notable PF 6MWT, other QoL Conclusion this propensity matched cohort, associated period, there Our indicate possible beneficial effect terms faster COVID19 infection. Graphical abstract

Язык: Английский

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Effectiveness and Waning of Protection With Different SARS-CoV-2 Primary and Booster Vaccines During the Delta Pandemic Wave in 2021 in Hungary (HUN-VE 3 Study)

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2022

Background In late 2021, the pandemic wave was dominated by Delta SARS-CoV-2 variant in Hungary. Booster vaccines were offered for vulnerable population starting from August 2021. Methods The nationwide HUN-VE 3 study examined effectiveness and durability of primary immunization single booster vaccinations prevention infection, Covid-19 related hospitalization mortality during wave, compared to an unvaccinated control without prior infection. Results included 8,087,988 individuals who 18–100 years old at beginning pandemic. During after adjusting age, sex, calendar day, chronic diseases, vaccine (VE) vaccination against registered infection between 11% 77% 18% 79% 14–120 days 16–64 65–100 age cohort respectively, while it decreased close zero younger group around 40% or somewhat less elderly 6 months almost all types. aged years, we found high, 88.1%–92.5% adjusted Pfizer-BioNTech, 92.2%–95.6% Moderna dose, Sinopharm Janssen doses provided 26.5%–75.3% 72.9%–100.0% VE, respectively. Adjusted VE high within Pfizer-BioNTech: 76.6%, Moderna: 83.8%, Sputnik-V: 78.3%, AstraZeneca: 73.8%, modest Sinopharm: 45.7% Janssen: 26.4%. waning protection with mRNA increased up 100%, dose proved be effective. death moderate: 81.5%, 93.2%, 100.0%, 84.8%, 58.6%, 53.3%). this outcome also showed a moderate decline over time, types restored except booster. Conclusions demonstrated outcomes confirmed outstanding benefit vaccines, is first provide clear comparable results six different severe wave.

Язык: Английский

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A comprehensive analysis of the efficacy and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2022

It is urgently needed to update the comprehensive analysis about efficacy or effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines especially during pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants. In general, current showed a cumulative 66.4%, 79.7%, 93.6% prevent infection, symptomatic COVID-19, severe respectively, but could not asymptomatic infection SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, effectively variant although incidence breakthrough increased when intervals post full vaccination extended, suggesting waning vaccines. addition, one-dose booster immunization an 74.5% variant. However, sub-lineage BA.1.1.529 had 50% BA.1.1.529. was 87.6% 90.1% COVID-19-related death BA.2, while enhance BA.2. Two-dose 81.8% against compared with immunization. The RNA-based vaccine BNT162b2 mRNA-1273 over 75% more than 17 weeks after whereas heterogenous better homologous summary, protect variants less effective infection. One-dose protection capability, two-dose provide additional COVID-19.

Язык: Английский

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Fatigue, sleepiness and sleep quality are SARS-CoV-2 variant independent in patients with long COVID symptoms

Inflammopharmacology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 31(6), С. 2819 - 2825

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2023

Abstract Acute infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants of concerns (VOCs) differ in clinical presentation. Discrepancies their long-term sequelae, commonly referred to as long COVID, however, remain be explored. We retrospectively analyzed data 287 patients presented at the post-COVID care Pulmonology Department, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, and infected during a period 3 major epidemic waves Hungary (February–July 2021, VOC: B.1.1.7, Alpha, N = 135; August–December B.1.617.2, Delta, 89; January–June 2022, B.1.1.529, Omicron; 63), > 4 weeks after acute COVID-19. Overall, ratio COVID symptomatic (LC) asymptomatic (NS) was 2:1. Self-reported questionnaires on fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale, FSS), sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness ESS) sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) showed higher scores for LC (4.79 ± 0.12, 7.45 0.33 7.46 0.27, respectively) than NS (2.85 0.16, 5.23 0.32 4.26 0.29, respectively; p < 0.05 all vs. LC). By comparing three waves, mean FSS PSQI patients, but not ESS scores, exceeded normal range all, no significant inter-wave differences. Considering ≥ 5 cutoff values, exhibited problematic (≥ 70%) poor (> 60%) waves. Comparative analysis component identified differences between Our findings highlight importance concerted efforts manage both disturbances patient care. This multifaceted approach should followed cases either VOCs SARS-CoV-2.

Язык: Английский

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Protection of the third-dose and fourth-dose mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariant: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(12), С. e076892 - e076892

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023

Objectives The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has raised concerns regarding waning vaccine-induced immunity and durability. We evaluated protection third-dose fourth-dose mRNA vaccines against subvariant its sublineages. Design Systematic review meta-analysis. Data sources Electronic databases other resources (PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, CINAHL PLUS, APA PsycINFO, Web Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, MedRxiv bioRxiv) were searched until December 2022. Study eligibility criteria included studies that assessed effectiveness vaccine booster doses infection severe COVID-19 outcomes caused by subvariant. extraction synthesis Estimates (VE) at different time points after vaccination extracted. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to compare VE third dose versus primary series, no fourth points. certainty evidence Grading Recommendations, Assessments, Development Evaluation approach. Results This 50 studies. VE, compared with 48.86% (95% CI 44.90% 52.82%, low certainty) ≥14 days, gradually decreased 38.01% 13.90% 62.13%, very ≥90 days vaccination. peaked 14–30 (56.70% 50.36% 63.04%), moderate certainty), then quickly declined 61–90 (22% 6.40% 37.60%), certainty). Compared vaccination, 75.84% 40.56% 111.12%, BA.1 infection, 70.41% 49.94% 90.88%, BA.2 ≥7 hospitalisation remained stable over maintained 79.30% 58.65% 99.94%, 91–120 days. up 60 67.54% 59.76% 75.33%, for 77.88% 72.55% 83.21%, death. Conclusion boosters provided substantial least 6 months, although duration remains uncertain, suggesting need a within months or However, in our estimates varied from moderate, indicating significant heterogeneity among should be considered when interpreting findings public health policies. PROSPERO registration number CRD42023376698.

Язык: Английский

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Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 primary vaccines and boosters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hungary (HUN-VE 4 Study)

BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(1), С. e003777 - e003777

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for severe COVID-19 infection and associated with increased of complications. The present study aimed to investigate effectiveness persistence different COVID vaccines in persons or without during the Delta wave Hungary. Research design methods Data sources were national registry data from National Public Health Center Insurance Fund on total Hungarian population. adjusted incidence rate ratios corresponding 95% CIs derived mixed-effect negative binomial regression model. Results A population 672 240 cases type control group 974 102 non-diabetic free chronic diseases participated. Unvaccinated elderly had 2.68 (95% CI 2.47 2.91) times higher COVID-19-related mortality as ‘healthy’ controls. Primary immunization effectively equalized between two groups. Vaccine declined over time, but booster restored against 90%. vaccine primary Pfizer-BioNTech 14–120 days postvaccination period was 71.6 66.3 76.1)% patients aged 65–100 years 64.52 59.2 69.2)% Overall, tended be individuals than could restore 80% concerning (eg, years: 89.1 (88.1–89.9)% Pfizer-on-Pfizer, controls old: 86.9 (85.8–88.0)% 88.3 (87.2–89.2)% Pfizer-on-Sinopharm, 87.8 (86.8–88.7)% Pfizer-on-Sinopharm). Conclusions Our suggest that people may have even health gain when getting vaccinated compared persons, eliminating marked, excess this Boosters protection.

Язык: Английский

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Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness against Death Using a Novel Measure: COVID Excess Mortality Percentage

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(2), С. 379 - 379

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2023

COVID-19 vaccines have saved millions of lives; however, understanding the long-term effectiveness these is imperative to developing recommendations for booster doses and other precautions. Comparisons mortality rates between more less vaccinated groups may be misleading due selection bias, as differ in underlying health status. We studied all adult deaths during period 1 April 2021-30 June 2022 Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, linked vaccination records, we used from natural causes proxy health. report relative risk (RMR) those with two three versus unvaccinated, using a novel outcome measure that controls effects. This measure, COVID Excess Mortality Percentage (CEMP), uses non-COVID rate (Non-COVID-NMR) population without vaccination. validate this pre-vaccine (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.97) demonstrate effects are large, non-COVID-NMRs two-dose vaccinees often than half NMRs still lower three-dose (booster) recipients. Progressive waning observed, an RMR 10.6% aged 60+ unvaccinated April-June 2021, rising steadily 36.2% Omicron (January-June, 2022). A dose reduced 9.5% 10.8% ages periods when boosters were available (October-December, 2021; January-June, Boosters thus provide important additional protection against mortality.

Язык: Английский

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Effectiveness of the fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccines against severe COVID-19 among adults 40 years or older in Brazil: a population-based cohort study

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34, С. 100755 - 100755

Опубликована: Май 3, 2024

The emergence of COVID-19 variants with immune scape and the waning primary vaccine schemes effectiveness have prompted many countries to indicate first second booster doses prevent severe COVID-19. However, current available evidence on dose are mostly limited high-income countries, older adults, mRNA-based vaccination scenarios. We aimed investigate relative (rVE) fourth compared three for outcomes in Brazil; compare rVE a an mRNA adenovirus-based product same settings.

Язык: Английский

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