Association Between Peripheral Blood Eosinophils Count and Mortality in Respiratory Infections

Archivos de Bronconeumología, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 60(9), С. 590 - 592

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Eosinophil activation during immune responses: an ultrastructural view with an emphasis on viral diseases

Journal of Leukocyte Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 116(2), С. 321 - 334

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

Abstract Eosinophils are cells of the innate immune system that orchestrate complex inflammatory responses. The study cell biology eosinophils, particularly associated with activation, is great interest to understand their From a morphological perspective, activated eosinophils show ultrastructural signatures have provided critical insights into comprehension functional capabilities. Application conventional transmission electron microscopy in combination quantitative assessments (quantitative microscopy), molecular imaging (immunoEM), and 3-dimensional tomography generated important mechanisms eosinophil activation. This review explores multitude events taking place vitro vivo as key players allergic diseases, an emphasis on viral infections. Recent progress our understanding biological processes underlying including mitochondrial remodeling, discussed, it can bring new thinking field.

Язык: Английский

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Application of peripheral blood routine parameters in the diagnosis of influenza and Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Virology Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Июль 23, 2024

Influenza and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections often present concurrent overlapping symptoms in clinical manifestations, making it crucial to accurately differentiate between the two practice. Therefore, this study aims explore potential of using peripheral blood routine parameters effectively distinguish influenza infections.

Язык: Английский

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Persistence of circulating CD169+monocytes and HLA-DR downregulation underline the immune response impairment in PASC individuals: the potential contribution of different COVID-19 pandemic waves

Current Research in Microbial Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6, С. 100215 - 100215

Опубликована: Дек. 12, 2023

The use of CD169 as a marker viral infection has been widely discussed in the context COVID-19, and particular, its crucial role early detection SARS-CoV-2 association with severity clinical outcome COVID-19 were demonstrated. patients show relevant systemic alteration immunological dysfunction that persists individuals post-acute sequelae (PASC). It is critical to implement characterization disease, focusing also on possible impact different waves consequent effects found after infection. On this basis, we evaluated by flow cytometry expression HLA-DR monocytes from PASC better elucidate their involvement dysfunction, evaluating pandemic waves. results confirm RMFI good Moreover, showed high percentage CD169+ monocytes, but low HLA-DR+ inflammatory indices. We have observed alterations indices inflammation upon persistence specific myeloid subpopulations suggests disease chronic post-infection inflammation, opening new opportunities evaluate immune response impairment perspective provide tools monitoring variants diseases associated emerging respiratory viruses.

Язык: Английский

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Ally, adversary, or arbitrator? The context-dependent role of eosinophils in vaccination for respiratory viruses and subsequent breakthrough infections

Journal of Leukocyte Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024

Abstract Eosinophils are a critical type of immune cell and central players in 2 immunity. Existing literature suggests that eosinophils also can play role host antiviral responses, typically 1 events, against multiple respiratory viruses, both directly through release mediators indirectly activation other effector types. One way to prime responses toward effective is vaccination, where 1–skewed immunity desirable the context intracellular pathogens like viruses. In realm breakthrough viral infection vaccinated hosts, an event which virus still establish productive despite preexisting immunity, most prominently known for their link vaccine-associated enhanced disease upon natural syncytial infection. This was observed pediatric cohort during 1960s following vaccination with formalin-inactivated virus. More recent research has unveiled additional roles eosinophil The specific contribution quality vaccine efficacy, hosts remains largely unexplored, especially regarding potential protection. On basis current findings, we will speculate suggested function consider many ways by may exert protective pathological effects infections. We discuss how balance efficacy eosinophil-related risks, as well use products biomarkers or adverse events.

Язык: Английский

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Dimethyl fumarate alleviates allergic asthma by strengthening the Nrf2 signaling pathway in regulatory T cells

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2024

Allergic asthma is a widely prevalent inflammatory condition affecting people across the globe. T cells and their secretory cytokines are central to pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Here, we have evaluated anti-inflammatory impact dimethyl fumarate (DMF) in with more focus on determining its effect cell responses By utilizing ovalbumin (OVA)-induced model, observed that DMF administration reduced symptoms IgE levels OVA-induced mice model. Histopathological analysis showed treatment an animal model eased inflammation nasal bronchial tissues, particular decrease infiltration immune cells. Additionally, RT-qPCR exhibited expression cytokine (IL4, IL13, IL17) while augmenting IL10 Foxp3 (forkhead box protein 3). Mechanistically, found increased by exacerbating nuclear factor E2-related 2 (Nrf2), in-vitro activation Foxp3+ Tregs leads escalated Nrf2. Notably, CD4-specific Nrf2 deletion intensified iTreg differentiation. Meanwhile, failed exert protective effects knock-out mice. Overall, our study illustrates enhances signaling assist differentiation Tregs, which could improve response

Язык: Английский

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Clinical and hematological characteristics of children infected with the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: role of the combination of the neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio and eosinophil count in distinguishing severe COVID-19

Frontiers in Pediatrics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2024

Purpose Investigate the clinical/hematological characteristics of children infected with Omicron variant severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and identify an effective indicator to distinguish coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity in children. Methods A retrospective study was conducted through electronic medical records from pediatric patients. The demographic, clinical, routine blood test (RBT) features diagnosed by real-time PCR for SARS-CoV-2 were collected. Results Data 261 patients analyzed. most common abnormality shown RBTs increased monocyte count (68%). Children had “mild-moderate” or “severe” forms COVID-19. Prevalence abnormal neutrophil ( p = 0.048), eosinophil 0.006), mean corpuscular volume 0.033), platelet platelet-large cell ratio 0.043), red distribution width-standard deviation 0.031) significantly different two types. combination neutrophil: lymphocyte (NLR) diagnosing COVID-19 presented largest AUC (0.688, 95% CI 0.599–0.777; < 0.001), a decrease age. Conclusions Combination NLR might be promising identifying at infection onset.

Язык: Английский

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Aberrant innate immune profile associated with COVID-19 mortality in Pretoria, South Africa

Clinical Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 266, С. 110323 - 110323

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024

The African continent reported the least number of COVID-19 cases and deaths all continents, although exact reasons for this are still unclear. In addition, little is known about immunological profiles associated with mortality in Africa. present study compared clinical parameters, as well treatment outcomes patients admitted Pretoria, South Africa, to determine if these parameters correlated population. in-hospital rate cohort was 15.79%. people living HIV (PLWH) 10.81% 17.16% without (p = 0.395). No differences age 0.099), gender 0.127) or comorbidities were found between deceased those who survived. All four PLWH died had a CD4+ T-cell count <200 cells/mm3, significantly higher viral load than survived 0.009), none receiving antiretroviral therapy. Seven 174 (4%) evidence auto-antibodies neutralizing Type 1 interferons (IFNs). Two them died, their presence 0.042). adjusted model, only were: fraction inspired oxygen (FiO2) (OR: 3.308, p 0.011) indicating greater need oxygen, high creatinine 4.424, 0.001) lower platelet counts 0.203, possibly secondary immunothrombosis. Overall, expression co-receptor CD86 0.021) on monocytes percentages CD8+ effector memory 2 T-cells 0.45, 0.027) patients. Decreased impairs development survival T-cells. Deceased concentrations RANTES 0.003), eotaxin 0.003) interleukin (IL)-8 < 0.001), involved activation recruitment innate immune cells. They also transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 0.40), an impaired anti-inflammatory response. profile Africa points role aberrate responses.

Язык: Английский

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A New Laboratory Tool for COVID-19 Severity Prediction, CENIL Score

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(22), С. 2557 - 2557

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2024

Several studies investigated the risk factors for severe COVID-19-related outcomes. Early identification and proper treatment of COVID-19 patients who may develop pneumonia are crucial. The aim this study was to detect importance laboratory parameters prediction in patients. This retrospective cohort included patients' at admission. Biochemical, hematological, coagulation, inflammatory values were compared between non-severe groups. A total 534 screened, 472 them study. mean age 64 (±3.1) years; 242 (51.3%) men. 204 (43.2%) diagnosed as cases. independent predictors illness C-reactive peptide, Eosinophil, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, interleukin-6, lactate dehydrogenase. These named CENIL scores from 0 5 points. findings indicate that these biomarkers identified tend increase progressively with disease severity Additionally, score a specific cut-off value 3, highlighting it critical threshold identifying high progression. In study, we biomarkers-including CRP, eosinophil count, NLR, IL-6, LDH-named can help predict likelihood diagnosis. Clinicians be more vigilant regarding development scores, guided by clinical radiological findings.

Язык: Английский

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Prognostic value of the platelet, neutrophil, monocyte, basophil, and eosinophil to lymphocyte ratios in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP)

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2024

Severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) is a serious respiratory inflammation disease with high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR), basophil-to-lymphocyte (BLR) eosinophil-to-lymphocyte (ELR) in patients SCAP. The retrospectively included 554 SCAP, clinical data were obtained from electronic patient record (EMR) system. primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, secondary outcomes hospital length stay (LOS), overall survival (OS), admission ICU, ICU LOS, results showed that both NLR BLR significant but not independent factors for mortality; negatively correlated LOS while ELR positively LOS; increased associated reduced OS, improved OS; PLR, NLR, MLR, all elevated rates, rate; higher In summary, useful

Язык: Английский

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