Immune Checkpoints Are New Therapeutic Targets in Regulating Cardio-, and Cerebro-Vascular Diseases and CD4+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cell Immunosuppression

International Journal of Drug Discovery and Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 100022 - 100022

Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2024

Although previous reviews explored the roles of selected immune checkpoints (ICPs) in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cerebrovascular from various perspectives, many related aspects have yet to be thoroughly reviewed analyzed. Our comprehensive review addresses this gap by discussing cellular functions ICPs, focusing on tissue-specific microenvironment-localized transcriptomic posttranslational regulation ICP expressions, as well their functional interactions with metabolic reprogramming. We also analyze how 14 pairs including CTLA-4/CD86-CD80, PD1-PDL-1, TIGIT-CD155, regulate CVD pathogenesis. Additionally, covers ICPs modulating CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), cells, innate CVDs diseases. Furthermore, we outline seven immunological principles guide development new ICP-based therapies for CVDs. This timely thorough analysis recent advancements challenges provide insights into role CVDs, Tregs, will support novel therapeutics strategies these

Язык: Английский

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Vitamin D3 reduces the expression of M1 and M2 macrophage markers in breast cancer patients

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2024

Язык: Английский

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A bibliometric and visualization analysis of global trends and frontiers on macrophages in abdominal aortic aneurysms research

Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 103(43), С. e40274 - e40274

Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2024

Background: Macrophages are key regulators of the inflammatory and innate immune responses. Researchers have shown that aberrant expression macrophages contributes to development abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). However, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis exploring research status knowledge mapping this area is lacking. This study aimed explore status, hotspots in AAA from perspective. Methods: In study, we retrieved articles published between 2000 2022 on associated with Web Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. The literature data were further analyzed using Citespace VOSviewer software. Results: A total 918 qualified publications related AAA-associated retrieved. number field has been increasing annually. China United States 2 main drivers field, contributing more than 64% publications. addition, US had most publications, top institutions, expert researchers, dominating AAA. Harvard University was productive institution, 60 journal Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, Vascular Biology (86). Daugherty Alan prolific author (28 publications) he also cited co- author. Furthermore, exploration established animal models, macrophage-related inflammatory-microenvironment, mechanism, clinical translation molecular imaging remained future directions field. Conclusions: Our findings offered new insights for scholars They will help researchers their work.

Язык: Английский

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Feature genes identification and immune infiltration assessment in abdominal aortic aneurysm using WGCNA and machine learning algorithms

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11

Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2024

Objective Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening vascular condition. This study aimed to discover new indicators for the early detection of AAA and explore possible involvement immune cell activity in its development. Methods Sourced from Gene Expression Omnibus, microarray datasets GSE47472 GSE57691 were combined generate training set. Additionally, separate dataset (GSE7084) was designated as validation Enrichment analyses carried out underlying biological mechanisms using Disease Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes, Ontology. We then utilized weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) along with 3 machine learning techniques: least absolute shrinkage selection operator, support vector machine-recursive feature elimination, random forest, identify genes AAA. Moreover, data validated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, defined those having an area under curve above 85% p -value below 0.05. Finally, single sample set enrichment algorithm applied probe landscape connection selected genes. Results discovered 72 differentially expressed (DEGs) when comparing healthy samples, including 36 upregulated downregulated Functional revealed that DEGs associated are primarily involved inflammatory regulation response. By intersecting result algorithms WGCNA, identified, MRAP2, PPP1R14A, PLN The diagnostic performance all these strong, by ROC analysis. A significant increase 15 types samples observed, based on infiltration. In addition, show strong linkage different cells. Conclusion Three (MRAP2, PLN) related development identified. These linked microenvironment, providing potential biomarkers basis further research into progression.

Язык: Английский

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Perspective: Pathological transdifferentiation—a novel therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases and chronic inflammation

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11

Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2024

Pathological transdifferentiation, where differentiated cells aberrantly transform into other cell types that exacerbate disease rather than promote healing, represents a novel and significant concept. This perspective discusses its role potential targeting in cardiovascular diseases chronic inflammation. Current therapies mainly focus on mitigating early inflammatory response through proinflammatory cytokines pathways targeting, including corticosteroids, TNF-α inhibitors, IL-1β monoclonal antibodies blockers, IL-6 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), along with modulating innate immune memory (trained immunity). However, these approaches often fail to address long-term tissue damage functional regeneration. For instance, fibroblasts can transdifferentiate myofibroblasts cardiac fibrosis, endothelial may undergo mesenchymal transition (EndMT) vascular remodeling, resulting fibrosis impaired function. Targeting pathological transdifferentiation promising therapeutic avenue by focusing key signaling drive aberrant cellular phenotypic transcriptomic transitions. approach seeks inhibit or modulate plasticity effective regeneration prevent fibrosis. Such strategies have the inflammation, death, damage, providing more comprehensive sustainable treatment solution. Future research should understanding mechanisms behind identifying relevant biomarkers master regulators, developing preclinical clinical trials. Integrating new existing treatments could enhance efficacy improve patient outcomes. Highlighting as target paradigms, leading better management recovery of tissues

Язык: Английский

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Olfactory Receptors and Aortic Aneurysm: Review of Disease Pathways

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(24), С. 7778 - 7778

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024

Aortic aneurysm, the pathological dilatation of aorta at distinct locations, can be attributed to many different genetic and environmental factors. The resulting pathobiological disturbances generate a complex interplay processes affecting cells extracellular molecules tunica interna, media externa. In short, aortic aneurysm affect involving matrix, lipid trafficking/atherosclerosis, vascular smooth muscle cells, inflammation, platelets intraluminal thrombus formation, as well various endothelial functions. Many these are interconnected, potentiating one another. Newer discoveries, including involvement odorant olfactory receptors in processes, have further shed light on disease initiation pathology. Olfactory varied group G protein coupled-receptors responsible for recognition chemosensory information. Although they comprise subgroups, some which not well-characterized or identified humans, receptors, particular, most commonly associated with They also ectopically localized thus carry out additional functions relevant tissue identified. It is purpose this narrative review summarize present propagation while incorporating evidence associating functioning overall

Язык: Английский

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