The Role of Biomarkers in Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers
Canadian oncology today.,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2025
Upper
gastrointestinal
(GI)
cancers
include
esophageal,
esophagogastric
junction,
and
stomach
cancers,
which
together
represent
the
second
leading
cause
of
cancer-related
mortality
worldwide
in
both
sexes,
with
approximately
1,100,000
deaths
2022.
The
disease
is
usually
diagnosed
at
an
advanced
non-curable
stage,
conventional
chemotherapy
treatment
associated
poor
prognosis.
Advances
have
been
made
development
new
therapies,
including
immunotherapy
targeted
therapies.
Biomarker
identification
has
expanded
options
guides
selection.
This
article
reviews
molecular
characterization
GI
subject
increasing
research,
biomarker-targeted
agents,
representing
a
continually
evolving
landscape
upper
cancers.
Язык: Английский
Prognostic Impact of Klintrup–Mäkinen (KM) Score in Gastric Cancer and Its Association with Pathological Parameters
Andreea-Raluca Cozac-Szőke,
Georgian-Nicolae Radu,
Anca Negovan
и другие.
Medicina,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
61(4), С. 715 - 715
Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2025
Background
and
Objectives:
Gastric
cancer
(GC)
remains
a
significant
global
health
challenge
with
poor
prognosis.
This
study
aimed
to
evaluate
the
association
between
Klintrup–Mäkinen
(KM)
inflammatory
infiltrate
grading
clinicopathological
features
in
gastric
patients,
investigating
its
potential
as
prognostic
marker.
Material
Methods:
retrospective
analyzed
133
adenocarcinoma
patients
diagnosed
2020
2021
at
County
Clinical
Hospital
Târgu
Mureș,
Romania.
Patients
were
divided
into
two
groups
based
on
KM
grades:
low
(grades
0–1,
n
=
62)
high
2–3,
71).
Clinicopathological
characteristics
survival
outcomes
compared
groups.
Results:
Demographic
similar
grades
demonstrated
significantly
more
aggressive
tumor
features,
including
higher
prevalence
of
Borrmann
classification
types
III-IV
(75.8%
vs.
54.9%,
p
0.01),
poorly
differentiated
histology
(74.1%
33.8%,
<
0.0001),
advanced
T
stage
(93.5%
80.2%,
0.04),
lymph
node
involvement
(87%
60.5%,
0.0008).
group
also
exhibited
rates
lymphatic
invasion
(79%
50.7%,
0.001),
venous
(51.6%
30.9%,
0.02),
perineural
(50%
22.5%,
positive
surgical
margins
(32.2%
15.4%,
0.02).
Survival
analysis
revealed
hazard
ratio
1.642
(95%
CI:
1.02–2.62)
for
those
grades.
Conclusions:
Low
are
associated
poorer
prognosis
GC
patients.
The
score
may
serve
valuable,
cost-effective
histological
marker
assessing
aggressiveness
could
aid
risk
stratification
when
applied
routine
H&E-stained
slides.
While
it
does
not
replace
immunohistochemical
or
molecular
analyses,
integrating
pathological
assessment
enhance
accuracy
support
identifying
who
might
benefit
from
immunotherapy.
Язык: Английский
Epstein–Barr virus-mediated immune evasion in tumor promotion
Trends in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Viral oncogenesis in cancer: from mechanisms to therapeutics
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Май 11, 2025
Abstract
The
year
2024
marks
the
60th
anniversary
of
discovery
Epstein-Barr
virus
(EBV),
first
confirmed
to
cause
human
cancer.
Viral
infections
significantly
contribute
global
cancer
burden,
with
seven
known
Group
1
oncogenic
viruses,
including
hepatitis
B
(HBV),
papillomavirus
(HPV),
EBV,
Kaposi
sarcoma-associated
herpesvirus
(KSHV),
C
(HCV),
T-cell
leukemia
type
(HTLV-1),
and
immunodeficiency
(HIV).
These
viruses
induce
cellular
transformation
development
by
altering
various
biological
processes
within
host
cells,
particularly
under
immunosuppression
or
co-carcinogenic
exposures.
are
primarily
associated
hepatocellular
carcinoma,
gastric
cancer,
cervical
nasopharyngeal
sarcoma,
lymphoma,
adult
leukemia/lymphoma.
Understanding
mechanisms
viral
oncogenesis
is
crucial
for
identifying
characterizing
early
virus-related
cancers,
providing
new
targets
strategies
treatment
prevention.
This
review
outlines
epidemiology
tumors,
milestone
events
in
research,
process
which
infect
target
cells.
It
then
focuses
on
molecular
these
tumors
directly
indirectly,
regulation
oncogenes
tumor
suppressor
genes,
induction
genomic
instability,
disruption
regular
life
cycle
immune
suppression,
chronic
inflammation,
inducing
angiogenesis.
Finally,
current
therapeutic
recent
advances
preclinical
clinical
research
discussed.
Язык: Английский
Gastric Carcinoma
Current topics in microbiology and immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
The Functional Interaction Between Epstein–Barr Virus and MYC in the Pathogenesis of Burkitt Lymphoma
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(24), С. 4212 - 4212
Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2024
The
Epstein–Barr
virus
(EBV)
is
associated
with
a
wide
range
of
diseases,
malignant
and
non-malignant.
EBV
was,
in
fact,
the
first
described
cell
transformation
capacity,
discovered
by
Epstein
1964
lymphoma
samples
from
African
children.
Since
then,
has
been
several
human
tumors
including
nasopharyngeal
carcinoma,
gastric
T-cell
lymphoma,
Hodgkin
diffuse
large
B
Burkitt
among
others.
molecular
hallmark
(BL)
chromosomal
translocation
that
involves
MYC
gene
immunoglobulin
loci,
resulting
deregulated
expression
MYC,
an
oncogenic
transcription
factor
appears
about
half
tumors.
role
well
established,
as
overexpression
drives
proliferation
through
multiple
mechanisms,
foremost,
stimulation
cycle.
Indeed,
found
overexpressed
or
non-Hodgkin
lymphomas.
Most
endemic
many
sporadic
BLs
are
infection.
While
some
mechanisms
which
can
contribute
to
BL
have
reported,
mechanism
links
infection
still
under
debate.
Here,
we
review
main
EBV-associated
special
focus
on
BL,
discuss
interaction
during
BL.
Язык: Английский
Immune Biomarkers and Predictive Signatures in Gastric Cancer: Optimizing Immunotherapy Responses
Sundaram Vickram,
Shofia Saghya Infant,
S. Manikandan
и другие.
Pathology - Research and Practice,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
265, С. 155743 - 155743
Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2024
Язык: Английский
Reevaluating the Association Between Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Breast Cancer in the United States
Clarence C. Hu,
Devanish N. Kamtam,
Juan J. Cardona
и другие.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2024
Abstract
The
World
Health
Organization
estimates
9.9%
of
cancers
are
attributable
to
viruses.
Notably,
human
papillomavirus
causes
roughly
90%
cervical
cancers,
while
Epstein-Barr
virus
(EBV)
is
linked
nearly
10%
gastric
carcinomas.
Regarding
breast
cancer,
the
association
with
EBV
inconclusive.
While
studies
in
some
nations
report
an
association,
those
United
States
largely
do
not.
We
reviewed
from
2003
2023
and
identified
seven
that
analyzed
cancer
American
patients.
observed
a
potential
risk
not
investigating
novel
variants.
Detection
protocols
utilized
only
lymphoma-derived
strains,
despite
current
knowledge
suggesting
genotype
variation
can
influence
pathogenic
cell
tropism.
Certain
for
instance,
may
preferentially
infect
epithelial
cells
increase
nasopharyngeal
carcinoma
(NPC)
by
up
11
times.
Stated
simply,
optimal
detection
protocol
differ
lymphoma
cells.
Reliance
on
strains
assumes
level
sequence
conservation
among
genomes.
Mounting
evidence
demonstrates
greater
than
previously
believed,
especially
key
coding
non-coding
regions.
Our
analysis
reveals
5/7
(71%)
used
at
least
one
assay
did
exactly
match
more
50%
genomes
NCBI
GenBank.
Moreover,
98%
these
GenBank
entries
became
available
after
sequences
were
selected.
Overall,
it
possible
understanding
be
incomplete.
Should
mirror
exhibit
certain
subtypes,
insights
could
enable
targeted
therapies
screening
programs.
Язык: Английский