Nanoengineered immune check point inhibitors delivery for targeted brain cancer treatment: Current status and future perspectives
Biochemical Pharmacology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
233, С. 116789 - 116789
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Aging‐Driven Blood–Brain Barrier Dysfunction and Its Impact on CNS Cancer Susceptibility: A Comprehensive Narrative Review
Aging and Cancer,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2025
ABSTRACT
Background
Aging
significantly
affects
the
structural
and
functional
integrity
of
blood–brain
barrier
(BBB),
increasing
susceptibility
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
to
both
primary
metastatic
cancers.
As
BBB
deteriorates,
it
promotes
tumor
cell
infiltration,
alters
drug
permeability,
contributes
a
proinflammatory
microenvironment
that
supports
progression.
These
age‐related
changes
present
major
obstacles
in
effective
treatment
CNS
malignancies
elderly
patients.
Methods
This
review
synthesizes
current
literature
on
mechanisms
aging
its
impact
cancer
development
treatment.
It
examines
key
alterations,
such
as
tight
junction
protein
loss,
endothelial
dysfunction,
pericyte
reduction,
well
including
impaired
immune
regulation
transporter
dysfunction.
The
also
evaluates
therapeutic
challenges
emerging
strategies
overcome
brain.
Results
induces
dysfunction
by
weakening
cellular
junctions,
disrupting
neurovascular
unit,
promoting
chronic
neuroinflammation.
alterations
facilitate
entry
survival
brain
reduce
effectiveness
therapies
due
delivery.
Promising
interventions,
nanoparticle‐based
therapies,
focused
ultrasound
techniques,
targeted
chemoimmunotherapy,
are
under
enhance
outcomes
Conclusion
breakdown
increased
risk
resistance
CNS.
Addressing
through
age‐specific
interventions
advanced
delivery
is
critical
improving
for
older
adults
with
malignancies.
Further
research
into
molecular
pathways
will
support
personalized
treatments.
Язык: Английский
Genomic predictors of radiation response: recent progress towards personalized radiotherapy for brain metastases
Cell Death Discovery,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2024
Abstract
Radiotherapy
remains
a
key
treatment
modality
for
both
primary
and
metastatic
brain
tumors.
Significant
technological
advances
in
precision
radiotherapy,
such
as
stereotactic
radiosurgery
intensity-modulated
have
contributed
to
improved
clinical
outcomes.
Notably,
however,
molecular
genetics
is
not
yet
widely
used
inform
radiotherapy
treatment.
By
comparison,
genetic
testing
now
plays
significant
role
guiding
targeted
therapies
immunotherapies,
particularly
metastases
(BM)
of
lung
cancer,
breast
melanoma.
Given
increasing
evidence
the
importance
tumor
radiation
response,
this
may
represent
currently
under-utilized
means
enhancing
In
addition,
recent
studies
shown
potentially
actionable
mutations
BM
which
are
present
tumor.
Overall,
suggests
that
further
investigation
into
pathways
mediating
response
variability
warranted.
Here,
we
provide
an
overview
mechanisms
implicated
resistance,
including
intrinsic
acquired
resistance
intratumoral
heterogeneity.
We
then
discuss
sampling
methods,
collection
cell-free
DNA
RNA,
well
progress
genomic
analysis.
consider
how
these
tools
be
applied
personalized
BM,
patient
stratification,
detection
radiotoxicity,
use
radiosensitization
agents.
describe
developments
preclinical
models
their
relevance
investigating
response.
increase
trials
evaluating
combination
therapies,
rising
incidence
it
essential
develop
genomically
informed
approaches
enhance
Язык: Английский