Impact of Microglia-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Resident Central Nervous System Cell Populations After Acute Brain Injury Under Various External Stimuli Conditions

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 24, 2025

Acute brain injuries (ABI) caused by various emergencies can lead to structural and functional damage tissue. Common causes include traumatic injury, cerebral hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, heat stroke. Globally, ABI represent a significant portion of neurosurgical cases. Previous studies have emphasized the therapeutic potential stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). Recent research indicates that EVs extracted from resident cells in central nervous system (CNS) also show following injury. Microglia, as innate immune CNS, respond changes internal environment altering their phenotype secreting impact CNS cells, including neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, endothelial neural (NSCs), microglia themselves. Notably, under different external stimuli, either promote neuronal survival, angiogenesis, myelin regeneration while reducing glial scarring inflammation, or they exert opposite effects. This review summarizes evaluates current findings on how microglia-derived influence after stimuli. It analyzes interaction mechanisms between discusses future directions clinical applications.

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular Vesicle-Derived miRNAs in Ischemic Stroke: Roles in Neuroprotection, Tissue Regeneration, and Biomarker Potential

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 45(1)

Опубликована: Март 31, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Neuroinflammation and energy metabolism: a dual perspective on ischemic stroke

Journal of Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025

Ischemic stroke is a prevalent form of cerebrovascular accident, with its pathogenesis involving the intricate interplay between neuroinflammation and energy metabolism. Cerebral ischemia disrupts oxygen supply, triggering metabolic dysregulation activating neuroinflammatory responses, ultimately resulting in cellular damage. This review provides an exhaustive analysis complex mechanisms ischemic stroke, particular focus on interaction The interruption supply due to cerebral initiates activates including release inflammatory cytokines activation immune cells, contributing damage further disturbances. Studies indicate that metabolism significantly impairs neural cell function interacts neuroinflammation, exacerbating brain injury. Therapeutic strategies primarily concentrate modulating suppressing emphasizing importance in-depth research into their provide theoretical foundation for new treatment stroke. Future should how balance anti-inflammatory regulation minimize promote recovery.

Язык: Английский

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Glial and blood-brain barrier cell-derived exosomes: Implications in stroke

Microvascular Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 104812 - 104812

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Cancer-associated fibroblasts derived-exosomal circ_0076535 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression

Technology and Health Care, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Background Esophageal cancer (EC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract and an important health-related problem in many developing countries. squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) most subtype EC. The cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are major stromal cells ESCC microenvironment. They play role proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis chemotherapy resistance through paracrine processes. However, roles circRNAs enriched CAF-derived exosmes have not been reported. Objective To explore mechanisms how CAF affects proliferation metastasis processes to investigate exosomes. Methods Exosomes were isolated from conditional medium using differential ultracentrifugation, then validated by Nanosight analysis. Exosome secretion inhibitor-GW4869 validates pro-carcinogenic qRT-PCR showed highest expression circ_0076535 exosomal CircRNA, knockdown it confirmed its function. Online bioinformatics tool was utilized predict potential target gene circ_0076535, captured miR-145-5p as with high predictive value. targeting association between further dual luciferase reporter experiment. stimulation tumour development EMT exosome vivo. Results In our research, we found that exosomes increased migration, invasion cells. Circ_0076535 highly CAF-exosomes transferred into directly depend on internalization CAF-exosomal level induced EMT. Mechanistic experiments revealed acted sponge absorb activated NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusions Conclusively, promoted progression via miR-145-5p/NF-κB axis expected be biomarker for early diagnosis treatment ESCC.

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles of ADSCs inhibit ischemic stroke-induced pyroptosis through Gbp3 regulation: A role for the NLRP3/GSDMD signaling pathway

International Immunopharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 146, С. 113881 - 113881

Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2024

Язык: Английский

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