Marine protected areas can be useful but are not a silver bullet for kelp conservation

Journal of Phycology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 60(2), С. 203 - 213

Опубликована: Март 28, 2024

Abstract Kelp forests are among the most valuable ecosystems on Earth, but they increasingly being degraded and lost due to a range of human‐related stressors, leading recent calls for their improved management conservation. One primary tools conserve marine species biodiversity is establishment protected areas (MPAs). International commitments protect 30% world's gaining momentum, offering promising avenue secure kelp into Anthropocene. However, clear understanding efficacy MPAs conserving in changing ocean lacking. In this perspective, we question whether strengthened global protection will create meaningful conservation outcomes forests. We explore benefits under suite different focusing empirical evidence from show that can be effective against some drivers loss (e.g., overgrazing, harvesting), particularly when maintained long‐term enforced as no‐take areas. There also reduce impacts climate change through building resilience multi‐stressor situations. often fail provide warming, heatwaves, coastal darkening, pollution, which have emerged dominant forest globally. Although well‐enforced should remain an important tool forests, successful require implementing additional solutions target these accelerating threats.

Язык: Английский

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The ecological and evolutionary consequences of tropicalisation

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 39(3), С. 267 - 279

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2023

Tropicalisation is a marine phenomenon arising from contemporary climate change, and characterised by the range expansion of tropical/subtropical species retraction temperate species. occurs globally can be detected in both tropical/temperate transition zones regions. The ecological consequences tropicalisation single-species impacts (e.g., altered behaviour) to whole ecosystem changes phase shifts intertidal subtidal habitats). Our understanding evolutionary limited, but emerging evidence suggests that could induce phenotypic change as well genotypic composition expanding retracting Given rapid rate research on focusing functioning, biodiversity socioeconomic urgently needed.

Язык: Английский

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Tropicalization of fish fauna of Galician coastal waters, in the NW Iberian upwelling system

Regional Studies in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 70, С. 103369 - 103369

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Kelp forests as nursery and foundational habitat for reef fishes

Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 106(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Conservation of marine biodiversity requires an understanding the habitats needed to support and replenish species interest. It also knowledge about abundance diversity multispecies assemblages. Variation in distribution composition kelp forests, one most productive coastal globally, can have major influences on reef fishes-a group ecologically socioeconomically important species. In face widespread escalating loss quantification these effects is urgently assess project cascading impacts biodiversity. Here, we evaluate relationships between forests associated fish populations using a global meta-analysis experimental removals comparative surveys adjacent non-kelp habitats. These analyses show that increase fishes, though significance this effect varied depending structural complexity forests. studies, significant positive richness, revealing act as true foundation by supporting Importantly, regardless forest morphology type study (observational or studies), enhance recruitment early life history stages suggesting they are nursery for many taxa. Lastly, differentially affected with different functional traits; small body size fishes from low trophic levels (e.g., herbivore detritivores, micropredators, mesopredators) large higher level piscivores, general carnivores) were both facilitated Taken together, results indicate forest, particularly those more complex morphology, reduce total fish, possible consequences ecosystem function.

Язык: Английский

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Artificial Seaweed Reefs That Support the Establishment of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Beds and Facilitate Ocean Macroalgal Afforestation: A Review

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(9), С. 1184 - 1184

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2022

Macroalgae are invaluable constituents of marine forest environments and important sources material for human needs. However, they currently at risk severe decline due to global warming negative anthropogenic factors. Restoration efforts focus on beds where macroalgae previously existed, as well the creation new forests. Some artificial seaweed reefs (ASRs) have succeeded but others failed; contributions ASRs formation been not fully determined. Here, we review ASRs, benefits macroalgal forests, threats macroalgae, restoration, explore current status ASRs. The published literature indicates that played critical roles in formation; notably, support establishment submerged aquatic vegetation allow ocean afforestation. evolved terms complexity materials used; can sustainably mitigate deforestation. continuous reviews ASR performance essential, improvements always possible.

Язык: Английский

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Recruitment as a possible indicator of declining resilience in degraded kelp forests

Ecological Indicators, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 160, С. 111917 - 111917

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Kelp forests are critical marine ecosystems that provide habitat and ecological services, as well economic benefits. However, kelp worldwide facing multiple pressures, including climate change human activities. In this study, we investigated whether recruitment success, an infrequently recorded variable in monitoring studies, was affected degraded reefs where adult golden kelps (Laminaria ochroleuca) were persistently absent due to fish consumption. We conducted a three-year seasonal of recruits juveniles both healthy northwest Spain. Our findings reveal decline spring over time on reefs, while it remained stable reefs. The results indicate continued herbivory pressure can decrease recruitment, suggesting the potential exhaustion stand resilience. Altogether, our study highlights importance biotic interactions, such herbivory, understanding changes forest dynamics. Moreover, emphasizes significance assessments indicator

Язык: Английский

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The role of grazers in early-life stages of Cystoseira sensu lato can be crucial in the restoration of marine forests

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2023

Grazing is one of the most important biological factors controlling abundance early-life stages fucoids and major issues when restoring marine forests. Benthic macroinvertebrates (e.g., sea urchins) fish shape regulate benthic macroalgal communities from polar to tropical regions can be responsible for regime shifts leading predominance turfs and/or barren grounds. However, other herbivores (i.e., mesograzers) could also significantly participate in grazing, especially on stages, hampering persistence capacity Cystoseira sensu lato populations recover after disturbances being a cause failure restoration actions. We performed experiments field mesocosm order investigate herbivory pressure effects different grazers recruits compressa. The results highlight that non-strict herbivorous invertebrates, such as Clibanarius erythropus , Cerithium vulgatum Idotea balthica graze s.l. spp., with I. showing highest consumption rate. concluded biotic herbivory, which affect key life crucial conservation forests need better understood considered case-by-case basis planning

Язык: Английский

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A practical application for urchin conspecific alarm cues as feeding deterrent

Journal for Nature Conservation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 126831 - 126831

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Biological efficacy of iron for marine macroalgae

Regional Studies in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 104252 - 104252

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Understanding socioecological interaction networks in Marine Protected Areas to inform management

Ocean & Coastal Management, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 245, С. 106854 - 106854

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2023

The concept of ecosystem services has become increasingly important in understanding the interactions between humans and nature associated implications terms human well-being. Despite growing interest research, knowledge their ecological underpinnings integration with socioeconomic management components remains limited. In this study, we propose a multi-layered network approach to assess connection components, functions societal uses benefits, actions, global change impacts four Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) Spain. An interaction matrix all relevant MPAs was built based on scientific knowledge, published records, validated stakeholder workshops. Then, applied analysis explore emergent properties connected elements MPAs. For example, habitat foundation species, such as kelp or seagrasses, were central networks concentrated most connections other ecological, social, components. positive-negative index showed that activities often had negative indices, positive management, mitigation action, infrastructure variable effects across Betweenness identified species community playing key role facilitating This research provides valuable insights into complex ecosystems, activities, services, opportunities for coastal MPAs, consequences local areas.

Язык: Английский

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