Clinical Applications of Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography: An Updated Review

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(2), С. 122 - 122

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024

Since its introduction, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has revolutionized the field of ophthalmology and now become an indispensable, noninvasive tool in daily practice. Most ophthalmologists are familiar with use assessment monitoring retinal optic nerve diseases. However, it also important applications anterior segment structures, including cornea, conjunctiva, sclera, chamber, iris, potential to transform clinical examination these structures. In this review, we aim provide a comprehensive overview utility OCT (AS-OCT) for wide range pathologies, such as conjunctival neoplasia, pterygium, scleritis, keratoconus, corneal dystrophies, infectious/noninfectious keratitis. addition, AS-OCT (including epithelial mapping) preoperative planning postoperative refractive surgeries discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Artificial intelligence in corneal diseases: A narrative review

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 47(6), С. 102284 - 102284

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2024

Язык: Английский

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An endeavor for excellent and aberration-free vision in advanced keratoconus: Penetrating or deep anterior keratoplasty?

Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology and Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1), С. 20 - 27

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the refractive outcomes and finer aspects visual acuity such as contrast, aberrations, quality vision after keratoplasty for keratoconus. Design: This a longitudinal clinical 50 eyes patients undergoing optical penetrating (OPK) or deep anterior lamellar (DALK). Materials Methods: Visual acuity, slit-lamp evaluation, corneal topography, fundus intraocular pressure measurement, aberrometry were performed preoperatively postoperatively at 1, 3, 6, 12 months. Function Questionnaire-25 criteria used determine life. Results: Contrast sensitivity had significantly improved each assessment postoperatively. There statistically significant improvement in postoperative 1-year subjective score maximum keratometry both groups. In OPK group, all aberration values showed improvements total surfaces. DALK group spherical aberration, root mean square (RMS) total, RMS higher-order aberrations surface. surface only values. Conclusion: From our we conclude, that there preoperative versus logMAR contrast sensitivity, score, keratometry, DALK. also show vertical coma, trefoil compared selection surgical procedure depends on surgeon’s preference, patient profile, cone size, pachymetry.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing UVA and Laser‐Induced Crosslinking via Brillouin Microscopy

Journal of Biophotonics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2025

ABSTRACT Keratoconus and other corneal ectatic disorders involve the degradation of collagen fibers, which compromises biomechanical properties. Ultraviolet‐A (UVA) crosslinking has emerged as primary treatment to slow down degradation. This is limited in both penetration depth spatial precision, potentially leading unwanted side effects. study compares changes properties corneas crosslinked with UVA irradiation a near‐infrared femtosecond laser, using Brillouin microscopy. The regions were mapped terms frequency shift three dimensions. showed an average increase ~100 MHz. We demonstrate targeted axial crosslinking, similar values regions.

Язык: Английский

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The enigmatic world of tear extracellular vesicles (EVs)–exploring their role in ocular health and beyond

FEBS Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by all kind of cells into the extracellular space, where they shuttle parental cell‐derived molecular cargoes (DNA, RNA, proteins) to both adjacent and distant cells, influencing physiology target cells. Their specific cargo content abundance in liquid biopsies make them excellent candidates for biomarker studies. Indeed, EVs isolated from various body fluids, including blood, pleural fluid, urine, cerebrospinal saliva, milk, ascites, tears, have been recognized their potential as biomarkers diagnosis, monitoring treatment, predicting outcomes diseases. Increasing studies suggest that tears great promise a noninvasive biopsy source EVs. Our aim here is provide comprehensive review exploration reservoir contents, evaluating accessibility utility method. Additionally, tear cancers, ocular cancer, discussed. Finally, advantages challenges employing tear‐based disease ' s evaluated.

Язык: Английский

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Porcine Collagen Implants in Advanced Keratoconus: Outcomes at 1 Year

Journal of Refractive Surgery, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 41(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Purpose To report the visual and tomographic outcomes 1 year after porcine collagen lenticule implantation in eyes with advanced keratoconus. Methods Patients older than 18 years keratoconus having central corneal thickness (CCT) greater 350 µm acuity of 20/40 or better contact lens, but intolerant to lenses, were included. A femtosecond laser–assisted stromal pocket was created at a depth 140 µm. Xenia implant (Gebauer Medizintechnik GmbH) inserted into using glide. Uncorrected (UDVA) corrected (CDVA) distance testing, slit-lamp evaluation, topography Pentacam (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH), anterior segment optical coherence tomography Optovue (XR-Avanti) performed preoperatively week, 1, 3, 6 months, implantation. Results Nine 9 patients (6 men 3 women) mean age 28.4 underwent Mean UDVA CDVA improved from 1.43 ± 0.3 0.78 0.17 logMAR ( P = .0087) 0.89 0.13 0.45 0.03 .0005) year. The preoperative flat keratometry (K1) 61.29 3.76 diopters (D), steep (K2) 68.09 4.41 D, CCT 354.71 9.30 µm, average (Kmean) 64.50 3.98 maximum (Kmax) 77.07 6.01 D. All values showed statistically significant flattening K1 40.70 3.96 D .0003), K2 43.80 4.04 .0005), Kmean 42.20 4.00 Kmax 61.53 4.70 .0152). There no episodes graft rejection. Two had melt within months postoperatively, requiring explantation. Conclusions Significant improvement UDVA, CDVA, noted undergoing Preliminary results demonstrate that could be an alternative keratoplasty human implants cases [ J Refract Surg . 2025;41(3):e272–e279.]

Язык: Английский

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Keratoconus as a Rare Manifestation of Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia

Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 35(1), С. 53 - 57

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a rare X-linked disorder primarily affecting ectoderm-derived tissues. While ocular manifestations such as dry eye, blepharitis, and corneal changes are well-documented, keratoconus has rarely been reported in association with HED. We report case of 19-year-old male who presented 2-year history progressive diminution vision the right eye 1 year left eye. He was diagnosed HED dermatology department 2 months prior. Family positive for patient’s father younger brother. Clinical examination revealed ocular, dermatological, oral abnormalities consistent Ocular findings included central scarring hydrops This highlights importance multidisciplinary management genetic disorders involvement.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular Subtype Identification and Potential Drug Prediction Based on Anoikis-Related Genes Expression in Keratoconus

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 66(2), С. 3 - 3

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Anoikis is a special apoptosis accompanied by the loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) environment and decomposition ECM an important process in occurrence keratoconus (KC). This study aims to describe expression profile anoikis-related genes (ARGs) KC samples, identify differentially expressed (DEGs), characterize biological functions immune characteristics different molecular subtypes predict potential drugs based on construction co-expression network. First, we identified optimal clustering K ARGs dataset analyzed differences functional characteristics. Then weighted gene network was constructed cluster analysis obtain hub protein-protein interaction analyze nodes node-targeting drugs. By comparing between disease normal found that there were significant such as BCL2, CAV1, CEACAM5. Consistent two definite clusters basis difference. Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes Gene Ontology enrichment showed DEGs enriched significantly pathways like receptor interaction, chemokine signal, notch focal adhesion, sets proteolysis, anoikis, regulation natural killer T-cell proliferation. CIBERSORT calculation cell infiltration (monocytes plasma) molecules (CCL11, CCL14, HLA-A, HLA-B, so on). Then, phenotype, 5202 selected genes, 321 HubDEGs obtained after intersection with DEGs. Seven nodes, EIF4G1, KHSRP, PABPC1, POLR2A, PTBP1, RPS19, SMARCA4, matched or small compounds. Insulin dexamethasone target We revealed differential distinct function infiltration. The identification elucidated their therapeutic value predicted

Язык: Английский

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Long-Term Outcomes of a 360-Degree Intracorneal Ring Implantation for Keratoconus: A 10-Year Follow-Up

Cornea, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2025

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term visual, refractive, and tomographic outcomes of a 360-degree intracorneal ring implant for treating keratoconus (KC). Methods: This historical cohort study included 29 eyes patients with KC who underwent MyoRing implantation. Uncorrected best-corrected distance visual acuity, refraction, keratometry, corneal thickness were evaluated preoperatively at 5 10 years postoperatively. Results: Significant improvements observed in all outcome measures postoperatively compared preoperative values ( P < 0.001). acuity improved from 1.25 ± 0.34 logarithm minimum angle resolution (logMAR) to 0.36 0.24 logMAR but showed regression 0.48 0.35 years. Corrected similarly improvement 0.50 0.18 0.12 years, some 0.25 0.22 Spherical equivalent −9.38 4.09 diopters (D) −2.70 1.54 D regressed −3.29 2.22 Although flattening was slight steepening trend noted Corneal exhibited an increase after 0.001), this reversed by 10-year mark. Conclusions: implantation demonstrated significant initial KC; however, toward follow-up. highlights importance continued monitoring assess impact manage any potential late effects.

Язык: Английский

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Looking to the Future of Viral Vectors in Ocular Gene Therapy: Clinical Review

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(2), С. 365 - 365

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

Eye diseases can significantly affect the quality of life patients due to decreased visual acuity. Although modern ophthalmological diagnostic methods exist, some system are asymptomatic in early stages. Most seek advice from an ophthalmologist as a result rapidly progressive manifestation symptoms. A number inherited and acquired eye have only supportive treatment without eliminating etiologic factor. promising solution this problem may be gene therapy, which has proven efficacy safety shown clinical studies. By directly altering or replacing defective genes, therapeutic approach will stop well reverse progression diseases. This review examines concept therapy its application field ocular pathologies, emphasizing most recent scientific advances their potential impacts on function status.

Язык: Английский

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