Circular Polarization in Atmospheric Aerosols DOI Creative Commons
Santiago Gassó, Kirk Knobelspiesse

Опубликована: Март 17, 2022

Abstract. Recent technological advances have demonstrated the feasibility of deploying spaceborne optical detectors with full polarimetric capabilities. The measurement all four Stokes coefficients opens significant new opportunities for atmospheric aerosol studies and applications. While considerable amounts attention been dedicated to sensors sensitivity total intensity linear polarization (represented by I, U, Q), there has less additional information brought measuring circular (coefficient V). This report fills this gap in knowledge providing an overview sources atmosphere discusses possible remote sensing signatures. In manuscript, circularly polarized radiation that results from interaction incident unpolarized are considered three physical settings: activity originating biogenic aerosols, alignment non-spherical particles presence electrical fields (such as dust, smoke, volcanic ash) multiple scattering effects. Observational theoretical evidence of, settings conditions non-zero generated here gathered discussed. addition, novel radiative transfer simulations shown illustrate notable spectral other features where may provide is possibly independent only observations. Current techniques detection composition (also referred type) space limited information. Remote identification aerosols such ash, dust can be accomplished some degree confidence moderate high concentrations. When same found at lower concentrations (but still enough importance air quality concerns), these methods often produce ambiguous results. Thus, exploration interest improve composition. study presented a goal perspective on overlooked property trigger further subject.

Язык: Английский

Terrestrial and marine influence on atmospheric bacterial diversity over the north Atlantic and Pacific Oceans DOI Creative Commons
Naama Lang‐Yona, J. Michel Flores,

Rotem Haviv

и другие.

Communications Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 3(1)

Опубликована: Май 20, 2022

Abstract The diversity of microbes and their transmission between ocean atmosphere are poorly understood despite the implications for microbial global dispersion biogeochemical processes. Here, we survey genetic airborne surface bacterial communities sampled during springtime transects across northwest Pacific subtropical north Atlantic as part Tara Expedition. We find that community composition is more variable in than ocean. Bacterial were similar two oceans overlying atmosphere. Likewise, atmospheric to each other those beneath. Atmospheric over was dominated by terrestrial specifically, dust-associated bacteria, whereas there a higher prevalence differential abundance marine bacteria. Our findings highlight regional differences long-range exchange dispersal land, ocean,

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

40
Ice nucleation catalyzed by the photosynthesis enzyme RuBisCO and other abundant biomolecules DOI Creative Commons
Alyssa N. Alsante, Daniel C. O. Thornton, Sarah D. Brooks

и другие.

Communications Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 4(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2023

Abstract Atmospheric aerosol and the cloud droplets ice crystals that grow on them remain major sources of uncertainty in global climate models. A subset aerosol, nucleating particles, catalyze freezing water at temperatures warmer than −38 °C. Here we show RuBisCO, one most abundant proteins plants phytoplankton, is efficient known immersion particles with a mean temperature −7.9 ± 0.3 Further, demonstrate RuBisCO present ambient continental where it can serve as an particle. Other biogenic molecules act range −19 to −26 In addition, our results indicate heat denaturation not universal indicator proteinaceous origin suggesting current studies may fail accurately quantify biological particle concentrations their importance.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

21
The aeromicrobiome: the selective and dynamic outer-layer of the Earth’s microbiome DOI Creative Commons
Pierre Amato,

Frédéric Mathonat,

Leslie Nuñez López

и другие.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Май 16, 2023

The atmosphere is an integral component of the Earth's microbiome. Abundance, viability, and diversity microorganisms circulating in air are determined by various factors including environmental physical variables intrinsic biological properties microbes, all ranging over large scales. aeromicrobiome thus poorly understood difficult to predict due high heterogeneity airborne their properties, spatially temporally. acts as a highly selective dispersion means on scales for microbial cells, exposing them multitude chemical atmospheric processes. We provide here brief critical review current knowledge propose future research directions aiming at improving our comprehension biome.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

21
Selective Ocean–Atmosphere Bacterial Flux Through the Pacific Sea Surface Microlayer DOI Creative Commons

Ariel C. Tastassa,

Yael Dubowski,

Or Argaman Meirovich

и другие.

ACS ES&T Air, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Effect of Aggregation and Molecular Size on the Ice Nucleation Efficiency of Proteins DOI Creative Commons
Alyssa N. Alsante, Daniel C. O. Thornton, Sarah D. Brooks

и другие.

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 58(10), С. 4594 - 4605

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2024

Aerosol acts as ice-nucleating particles (INPs) by catalyzing the formation of ice crystals in clouds at temperatures above homogeneous nucleation threshold (-38 °C). In this study, we show that immersion mode efficiency environmentally relevant protein, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO), occurs between -6.8 and -31.6 °C. Further, suggest range is controlled RuBisCO concentration protein aggregation. The warmest median temperature (-7.9 ± 0.8 °C) was associated with highest (2 × 10

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

6
Navigating the Aerosolized Frontier: A Comprehensive Review of Bioaerosol Research Post-COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
Chengchen Zhang, Xiaorong Dai,

Tedros Gebrezgiabhier

и другие.

Atmosphere, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(4), С. 404 - 404

Опубликована: Март 25, 2024

In the wake of COVID-19 pandemic, scientific community has been galvanized to unravel enigmatic role bioaerosols in transmission infectious agents. This literature review, anchored extensive Web Science Core Collection database covering period from 1990 2023, utilizes a bibliometric approach chart dynamic landscape bioaerosol research. It meticulously documents paradigm shifts and burgeoning areas inquiry that have emerged aftermath pandemic. review maps out sources detection strategies pathogens variety ecosystems. clearly shows impaction filtration sampling methods, followed by colony counting PCR-based techniques, were predominantly used works within previous three decades. synthesizes progress limitations inherent range models for predicting aerosol-mediated pathogen spread provides comparative analysis eDNA technology traditional analytical techniques bioaerosols. The accuracy these methods forecasting is paramount early recognition risks, which, turn, paves way prompt effective disease mitigation strategies. By providing thorough historical progression current state research, this illuminates path ahead, identifying critical research needs will drive field’s advancement years come.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

6
Circular polarization in atmospheric aerosols DOI Creative Commons
Santiago Gassó, Kirk Knobelspiesse

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(20), С. 13581 - 13605

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2022

Abstract. Recent technological advances have demonstrated the feasibility of deploying spaceborne optical detectors with full polarimetric capabilities. The measurement all four Stokes coefficients opens significant new opportunities for atmospheric aerosol studies and applications. While considerable amounts attention been dedicated to sensors sensitivity total intensity linear polarization (represented by I, U, Q), there has less additional information brought measuring circular (coefficient V). This report fills this gap in knowledge providing an overview sources atmosphere discusses possible remote sensing signatures. In paper, circularly polarized radiation that results from interaction incident unpolarized is considered three physical settings: activity originating biogenic aerosols, alignment non-spherical particles presence electrical fields (such as dust, smoke, volcanic ash), multiple scattering effects. Observational theoretical evidence of, settings conditions for, non-zero generated are here gathered discussed. addition, novel radiative transfer simulations shown illustrate notable spectral other features where may provide possibly independent polarization-only observations. Current techniques detection composition (also referred type) space limited information. Remote identification aerosols such ash, dust can only be accomplished some degree confidence moderate high concentrations. When same found at lower concentrations (but still enough importance air quality cloud formation), these methods often produce ambiguous results. rarely utilized, we explore its value improved determination composition. study presented a goal perspective on overlooked property trigger interest further exploration subject.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

20
Quantification and Characterization of Microbial Emissions over the Northeastern Atlantic Using Mesocosm Experiments DOI Creative Commons
Julika Zinke,

Gabriel Freitas,

Matthew Salter

и другие.

ACS ES&T Air, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1(3), С. 162 - 174

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024

Primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) can significantly influence the Earth's climate as ice-nucleating particles. To enhance our comprehension of PBAP aerosolization, particularly bacteria, through sea spray aerosol, we conducted mesocosm experiments in Azores archipelago using a simulation chamber. Using fluorescence microscopy, 16S rRNA sequencing for microbial community analysis, and data from an online bioaerosol spectrometer, quantified characterized present seawater aerosol. Microbial enrichment factors, normalized to sodium concentration, ranged 9 158, comparison airborne cell estimates with spectrometer revealed notable differences between measurement approaches. Additionally, unveiled selective aerosolization specific taxa, resulting less diverse compared seawater. Selective growth led reduction alpha diversity closer clustering composition nascent samples throughout each experiment.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
Marine viruses disperse bidirectionally along the natural water cycle DOI Creative Commons
Janina Rahlff, Sarah P. Esser, Julia Plewka

и другие.

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2023

Marine viruses in seawater have frequently been studied, yet their dispersal from neuston ecosystems at the air-sea interface towards atmosphere remains a knowledge gap. Here, we show that 6.2% of studied virus population were shared between and rainwater. Virus enrichment 1-mm thin surface microlayer sea foams happened selectively, variant analysis proved transfer to aerosols collected ~2 m height above level rain. Viruses detected rain these showed significantly higher percent G/C base content compared marine viruses. CRISPR spacer matches prokaryotes foreign rainwater prove regular virus-host encounters interface. Our findings on aerosolization, adaptations, support transmission along natural water cycle.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Contribution of Large Marine Aerosols in Phytoplankton Dispersal DOI Creative Commons
Gregory Sinnett, Luc Lenain,

Emna Braham

и другие.

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2025

Sea-spray aerosol (SSA) plays a crucial role in climate processes by influencing radiative forcing, cloud formation, and precipitation. While SSA particles with diameters between 0.1 10 μm are commonly studied, larger aerosols (>20 μm) have been observed over terrestrial oceanic regions but generally overlooked. Large bioaerosols can be formed pollen, fungal spores, cell debris. However, the abundance, dynamics, composition of large marine remain poorly understood. This study wave atmospheric conditions driving production, resulting sizes (up to 90 μm), collected collocated samples for microscopy analysis during two-month time period. above 20 were frequently observed, containing diverse range intact phytoplankton cells, including small flagellates (2 diatoms, colonial cells (above 40 μm). The abundance suggests that sea-to-air transfer may an important, yet overlooked, dispersal mechanism these groups. To best our knowledge, this is first evidence direct airborne observation (rather than deposition) cells. These findings highlight ubiquity their capacity carry

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0