Phenotypic and genetic diversity of xanthomonads isolated from pepper (Capsicum spp.) in Taiwan from 1989 to 2019

Phytopathology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 114(9), С. 2033 - 2044

Опубликована: Май 29, 2024

Bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas spp. is an economically important disease of pepper causing significant yield losses in Taiwan. Monitoring the pathogen population on a continuous basis necessary for developing management strategies. We analyzed collection xanthomonad strains isolated from Taiwan between 1989 and 2019. Among sequenced genomes, 65 were identified as euvesicatoria, 10 X. perforans. Thirty-five euvesicatoria perforans copper tolerant, whereas only four none tolerant to streptomycin. Nine amylolytic, which considered unusual characteristic euvesicatoria. Bayesian analysis structure based core gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms clustered into five clusters three One cluster, designated TP-2019, appears be novel genetic cluster genes, accessory content, effector profile. This knowledge diversity with whole genomic information will useful future comparative studies improving breeding programs develop disease-resistant cultivars other options.

Язык: Английский

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Detection of bacterial spot disease on tomato leaves using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

Procedia Computer Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 237, С. 602 - 609

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Tomato diseases have become a major concern to the tomato production sector around world. A huge proportion of crops deteriorate yearly during growth or after harvesting due infections caused by fungus, viruses and bacteria. Early detection these plays crucial role in alleviating overall loss. Over past decades, farmers been using visual observation identify crop disease field. However, method is labour intensive, time consuming, prone human error. Currently, intelligent approaches widely used detect classify diseases. The objective this study design convolutional neural network VGG16 net architecture that able on leaves. model can successfully 5 leaf was developed: (1) Bacterial spot, (2) blight, (3) Late (4) Septoria (5) Yellow curl with training accuracy 0.9328.

Язык: Английский

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Multiple acquisitions of XopJ2 effectors in populations of Xanthomonas perforans

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 37(10), С. 736 - 747

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2024

Type III effectors (T3Es) are major determinants of

Язык: Английский

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Diversification of an emerging bacterial plant pathogen; insights into the global spread of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. perforans

PLoS Pathogens, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(4), С. e1013036 - e1013036

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2025

Emerging and re-emerging plant diseases continue to present multifarious threats global food security. Considerable recent efforts are therefore being channeled towards understanding the nature of pathogen emergence, their spread evolution. Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. perforans (Xep ) , one causal agents bacterial spot tomato, rapidly emerged displaced other xanthomonads in many tomato production regions around world. In less than three decades, it has become a dominant xanthomonad systems across world presents compelling example for diversification recently pathogens. Although Xep been continuously monitored Florida since its discovery, population structure evolution at genome-scale is yet be fully explored. The objectives this work were determine genetic diversity globally ascertain if different contain genetically distinct populations, examine relatedness strains collected seed areas East Asia regions, evaluate variation type III secretion effectors, which critical pathogenicity virulence factors, relationship structure. We used genome data from 270 13 countries phylogenetic analysis characterization effector gene among strains. Our results showed notable pathogen. found similar distant including over past 100 years, consistent with intercontinental dissemination hybrid chains. Evolution pangenome, acquisition loss secreted apparent within lineages. long-distance movement pathogen, together variants that may not widely distributed, poses risks emergence new production.

Язык: Английский

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Rapid population flux in bacterial spot xanthomonads during a transition in dominance between two genotypes in consecutive tomato production seasons and identification of a new speciesXanthomonas oklahomensissp. nov

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025

Abstract In the bacterial spot of tomato disease complex, Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. perforans ( Xep ) is known to outcompete X. Xee ). The result, over time in production systems where both pathogens are present, anticipated displacement by . this study, we characterized population recovered strains from grower fields response a outbreak east and central Oklahoma 2018 2019. Tomato pepper sampled earlier years were included provide additional context. Phenotypic genome-based analyses showed marked differences race species composition strains. All pre-2018 (2001-2014) T3, except one T4 strain. consisted T1 while 2019 same locations exclusively form cluster with 2014 strain on phylogenetic tree, suggesting population. Only an expanded host range pepper. also variable copper sensitivity effector content. We additionally non-bacterial xanthomonads, which belongs new species, oklahomensis sp. nov. These results contributes novel insights understanding genomic heterogeneity seasonal flux between competing genotypes during outbreaks can be considered when developing management strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Intercontinental dissemination and diversification ofXanthomonas perforansin tomato production

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 22, 2024

Abstract Emerging and re-emerging plant diseases continue to present multifarious threats global food security. Considerable recent efforts are therefore being channeled towards understanding the nature of pathogen emergence, their spread evolution. Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. perforans (Xep ), one causal agents bacterial spot tomato, rapidly emerged displaced other xanthomonads in tomato production regions around world. In less than three decades, it has become a dominant xanthomonad systems across world presents model for diversification recently pathogens. Although Xep been continuously monitored Florida since its discovery, population structure evolution at genome-scale is yet be fully explored. The objectives this work were determine genetic diversity globally ascertain if different contain genetically distinct populations, examine relatedness strains collected seed areas East Asia regions, evaluate variation type III effectors, which critical pathogenicity virulence factors, relationship structure. We used genome data from 270 13 countries phylogenetic analysis characterization Xop effector gene among strains. Our results showed notable pathogen. found similar distant including over past 100 years, consistent with intercontinental dissemination hybrid chains. Evolution pangenome, acquisition loss secreted apparent within lineages. long-distance movement pathogen, together variants that may not widely distributed, poses risks emergence new production.

Язык: Английский

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Comparative genomic analysis uncovered phylogenetic diversity, evolution of virulence factors, and horizontal gene transfer events in tomato bacterial spot Xanthomonas euvesicatoria

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Ноя. 5, 2024

Introduction Bacterial spot, caused by diverse xanthomonads classified into four lineages within three species, poses a significant threat to global pepper and tomato production. In Taiwan, bacterial spot phylogenetically related an atypical Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. perforans ( Xep ) strain NI1 from Nigeria were found. Methods To investigate the genetic structure of Taiwanese strains determine phylogenetic position strains, we completed high-quality, gap-free, circularized genomes seven performed comparative genomic analyses with X. pathovars. Average nucleotide identity, core genome analysis, phylogenomic analysis conducted. Results Three sequenced identified as typical , while clustered NI1, forming distinct genomovar euvesicatoria, proposed taiwanensis Xet ). This new lineage likely originated in Taiwan spread through seed trade. At level, chromosomes remained conserved among plasmids contributed virulence, avirulence, field fitness. Gap-free revealed associations between evolution type III effectors, horizontal gene transfer events, plasmid diversity, recombination. Discussion study highlights critical roles shaping makeup, evolution, environmental adaptation plant pathogenic xanthomonads. The identification genomovar, provides insights diversity pathogens

Язык: Английский

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Chemical and Molecular Detection of New Strains of Xanthomonas Campestris pv. Vesicatoria and Pseudomonas putida Associated with Tomato Crop

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 1262(3), С. 032031 - 032031

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023

Abstract The lack of research on bacterial diseases and the infrequency discovering new strains in Iraq prompted current investigation to examine occurrence seriousness spot disease tomatoes certain areas Najaf City during 2022 agricultural season. Additionally, aim was isolate identify species Pseudomonas putida . results from pathogenicity test revealed that Xanthomonas Campestris pv. vesicatoria isolate, X. 2, demonstrated a higher level severity (74%) compared other isolates, whereas 18 exhibited lowest (30.76%). isolates were confirmed be based diagnostic keys. Microscopic macroscopic examination presence Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria with circular, yellow colonies NA medium, while YDC growth appeared as shiny, yellow, moist colonies. biochemical tests indicated tested positive for including Catalase test, Gelatin Hydrolysis, Motility Aesculin Hydrolysis. However, it negative Oxidase Arginine KOH Solubility, Starch hydrolysis. As P. , microscopic bacteria. On King’s B agar, showed creamy-colored growth, displayed bright blue color. outcomes fluorescence under UV light, appearing hydrolysis, Indole liquefaction, Solubility. Molecular diagnosis 16S rRNA gene analyzed which deposited NCBI Accession Numbers: OM966903 OM988185 OM988186 isolates. Furthermore, treatment 1 highest rate inhibition against diameter 26.67 mm, followed by 2 an 16.33 control treatment, no (0.00 mm).

Язык: Английский

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Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with bacterial spot race T4 resistance in intra-specific populations of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 18(12), С. e0295551 - e0295551

Опубликована: Дек. 11, 2023

Bacterial spot of tomato is a serious disease caused by at least four species and races Xanthomonas- X. euvesicatoria (race T1), vesicatoria T2), perforans T3 T4), gardneri, with race T4 being predominant in the southeast USA. Practical management this challenging because need for more effective chemicals commercially resistant cultivars. Identification genetic resistance first step to developing disease-resistant variety. The objective study was identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring two independent recombinant inbred lines (RILs) populations NC 10204 (intra-specific) 13666 (interspecific) developed crossing 30P x NC22L-1(2008) 1CELBR PI 270443, respectively. Seven QTLs on chromosomes 2, 6, 7, 11, 12 were identified 10204. QTL chromosome 6 explained highest percentage phenotypic variance (up 21.3%), followed 8.2%). On other hand, 1, 3, 4, 8, 9, 11 detected 13666. co-located populations. donor associated these released breeding line superior horticultural traits. Therefore, both parent information will be useful programs as there minimal linkage drag bacterial resistance.

Язык: Английский

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Distribution of genes for resistance to bacterial spot revealed by molecular markers and validated by disease evaluation in tomato germplasm

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 71(6), С. 3013 - 3024

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2023

Язык: Английский

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