Hookworm genes encoding intestinal excreted-secreted proteins are transcriptionally upregulated in response to the host's immune system DOI Creative Commons
Erich M. Schwarz, Jason Noon,

Jeffrey Chicca

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Abstract Hookworms are intestinal parasitic nematodes that chronically infect ∼500 million people, with reinfection common even after clearance by drugs. How infecting hookworms successfully overcome host protective mechanisms is unclear, but it may involve hookworm proteins digest tissues, or counteract the host’s immune system, both. To find such in zoonotic Ancylostoma ceylanicum , we identified genes encoding excreted-secreted (ES) proteins, preferentially expressed intestine, and whose transcription stimulated system. We collected ES from adult harvested hamsters; mass spectrometry 565 A. proteins. also used RNA-seq to identify both young adults (12 days post-infection) non-intestinal tissues dissected mature (19 post-infection), hamster hosts either had normal systems were immunosuppressed dexamethasone. In observed 1,670 1,196 intestine- non-intestine-biased expression, respectively. Comparing gene activity versus hosts, almost no changes of 12-day 19-day tissues. However, 1,951 positively immunoregulated (upregulated at least two-fold hosts), 137 negatively immunoregulated. Thus, immunoregulation was primarily intestine directly exposed blood; include activated response system order neutralize 153 showing positive intestine; these genes, 69 homologs closely related caninum 24 human Necator americanus more distantly strongylid parasite Haemonchus contortus . Such a mixture rapidly evolving conserved could comprise virulence factors enabling infection, provide new targets for drugs vaccines against hookworm, aid developing therapies autoimmune diseases.

Язык: Английский

Hookworm genes encoding intestinal excreted-secreted proteins are transcriptionally upregulated in response to the host's immune system DOI Creative Commons
Erich M. Schwarz, Jason Noon,

Jeffrey Chicca

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Abstract Hookworms are intestinal parasitic nematodes that chronically infect ∼500 million people, with reinfection common even after clearance by drugs. How infecting hookworms successfully overcome host protective mechanisms is unclear, but it may involve hookworm proteins digest tissues, or counteract the host’s immune system, both. To find such in zoonotic Ancylostoma ceylanicum , we identified genes encoding excreted-secreted (ES) proteins, preferentially expressed intestine, and whose transcription stimulated system. We collected ES from adult harvested hamsters; mass spectrometry 565 A. proteins. also used RNA-seq to identify both young adults (12 days post-infection) non-intestinal tissues dissected mature (19 post-infection), hamster hosts either had normal systems were immunosuppressed dexamethasone. In observed 1,670 1,196 intestine- non-intestine-biased expression, respectively. Comparing gene activity versus hosts, almost no changes of 12-day 19-day tissues. However, 1,951 positively immunoregulated (upregulated at least two-fold hosts), 137 negatively immunoregulated. Thus, immunoregulation was primarily intestine directly exposed blood; include activated response system order neutralize 153 showing positive intestine; these genes, 69 homologs closely related caninum 24 human Necator americanus more distantly strongylid parasite Haemonchus contortus . Such a mixture rapidly evolving conserved could comprise virulence factors enabling infection, provide new targets for drugs vaccines against hookworm, aid developing therapies autoimmune diseases.

Язык: Английский

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