Hydrogels for Peripheral Nerve Repair: Emerging Materials and Therapeutic Applications
Gels,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
11(2), С. 126 - 126
Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2025
Peripheral
nerve
injuries
pose
a
significant
clinical
challenge
due
to
the
complex
biological
processes
involved
in
repair
and
their
limited
regenerative
capacity.
Despite
advances
surgical
techniques,
conventional
treatments,
such
as
autografts,
are
faced
with
limitations
like
donor
site
morbidity
inconsistent
functional
outcomes.
As
such,
there
is
growing
interest
new,
novel,
innovative
strategies
enhance
regeneration.
Tissue
engineering/regenerative
medicine
its
use
of
biomaterials
an
emerging
example
strategy.
Within
realm
tissue
engineering,
functionalized
hydrogels
have
gained
considerable
attention
ability
mimic
extracellular
matrix,
support
cell
growth
differentiation,
even
deliver
bioactive
molecules
that
can
promote
repair.
These
be
engineered
incorporate
factors,
peptides,
stem
cells,
creating
conducive
microenvironment
for
cellular
axonal
Recent
advancements
materials
well
biology
led
development
sophisticated
hydrogel
systems,
not
only
provide
structural
support,
but
also
actively
modulate
inflammation,
recruitment,
stimulate
neurogenesis.
This
review
explores
potential
peripheral
repair,
highlighting
composition,
biofunctionalization,
mechanisms
action.
A
comprehensive
analysis
preclinical
studies
provides
insights
into
efficacy
these
promoting
growth,
neuronal
survival,
regeneration,
and,
ultimately,
recovery.
Thus,
this
aims
illuminate
promise
transformative
tool
field
bridging
gap
between
complexity
feasibility.
Язык: Английский
Engineering cell-derived extracellular matrix for peripheral nerve regeneration
Materials Today Bio,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
27, С. 101125 - 101125
Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2024
Extracellular
matrices
(ECMs)
play
a
key
role
in
nerve
repair
and
are
recognized
as
the
natural
source
of
biomaterials.
In
parallel
to
extensively
studied
tissue-derived
ECMs
(ts-ECMs),
cell-derived
(cd-ECMs)
also
have
capability
partially
recapitulate
complicated
regenerative
microenvironment
native
tissues.
Notably,
cd-ECMs
can
avoid
shortcomings
ts-ECMs.
Cd-ECMs
be
prepared
by
culturing
various
cells
or
even
autologous
vitro
under
pathogen-free
conditions.
And
mild
decellularization
achieve
efficient
removal
immunogenic
components
cd-ECMs.
Moreover,
more
readily
customizable
desired
functional
properties.
These
advantages
garnered
significant
attention
for
potential
neuroregenerative
medicine.
As
promising
biomaterials,
bring
new
hope
effective
treatment
peripheral
injuries.
Herein,
this
review
comprehensively
examines
current
knowledge
about
characteristics
their
mechanisms
interaction
with
regeneration,
particular
focus
on
preparation,
engineering
optimization,
scalability
The
applications
from
distinct
cell
sources
reported
tissue
highlighted
summarized.
Furthermore,
limitations
that
should
addressed
outlooks
related
clinical
translation
put
forward
well.
Язык: Английский
Fabrication of ECM protein coated hollow collagen channels to study peripheral nerve regeneration
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Июль 12, 2024
Abstract
Peripheral
nerve
injury
is
a
prevalent
clinical
problem
that
often
leads
to
lifelong
disability
and
reduced
quality
of
life.
Although
peripheral
nerves
can
regenerate,
recovery
after
severe
slow
incomplete.
The
current
gold
standard
treatment,
autologous
transplantation,
has
limitations
including
donor
site
morbidity
poor
functional
outcomes,
highlighting
the
need
for
improved
repair
strategies.
We
developed
reproducible
in
vitro
hollow
channel
collagen
gel
construct
investigate
regeneration
(PNR)
by
exploring
influence
key
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
proteins
on
axonal
growth
regeneration.
Channels
were
coated
with
ECM
proteins:
IV,
laminin,
or
fibronectin
seeded
dorsal
root
ganglia
(DRG)
collected
from
E16
rat
embryos
compare
ability
enhance
growth.
Robust
extension
Schwann
cell
(SC)
infiltration
observed
fibronectin-coated
channels,
suggesting
its
superiority
over
other
proteins.
Differential
effects
axons
SCs
indicated
direct
stimulation
beyond
SC-mediated
guidance.
In
laceration
modeling
further
confirmed
fibronectin’s
superior
pro-regenerative
effects,
showcasing
potential
enhancing
regrowth
post-injury.
Advancing
closely
replicates
native
microenvironments
will
accelerate
progress
overcoming
approaches.
Язык: Английский
Peripheral nerve regeneration using a bioresorbable silk fibroin-based artificial nerve conduit fabricated via a novel freeze–thaw process
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025
While
silk
fibroin
(SF)
obtained
from
silkworm
cocoons
is
expected
to
become
a
next-generation
natural
polymer,
fabrication
method
for
SF-based
artificial
nerve
conduits
(SFCs)
has
not
yet
been
established.
Here,
we
report
bioresorbable
SFC,
fabricated
using
novel
freeze-thaw
process,
which
ensures
biosafety
by
avoiding
any
harmful
chemical
additives.
The
SFC
demonstrated
favorable
biocompatibility
(high
hydrophilicity
and
porosity
with
water
content
of
>
90%),
structural
stability
(stiffness,
toughness,
elasticity),
biodegradability,
making
it
an
ideal
candidate
regeneration.
We
evaluated
the
nerve-regenerative
effects
in
rat
sciatic-nerve-defect
model,
including
its
motor
sensory
function
recovery
as
well
histological
found
that
transplantation
significantly
promoted
functional
regeneration
compared
silicone
tubes
was
almost
equally
effective
autologous
transplantation.
Histological
analyses
indicated
vascularization
M2
macrophage
recruitment
were
pronounced
inside
SFC.
These
results
suggest
unique
properties
further
enhanced
peripheral
mechanism.
As
no
applied
clinical
practice,
reported
herein
may
be
promising
repairing
extensive
defects.
Язык: Английский
Research and application of conductive nanofiber nerve guidance conduits for peripheral nerve regeneration: a narrative review
Advanced technology in neuroscience .,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
2(1), С. 47 - 57
Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025
Autologous
nerve
grafting
has
long
been
considered
the
gold
standard
treatment
for
repairing
peripheral
injury.
However,
it
faces
challenges
such
as
limited
availability
of
donor
nerves
and
complications
at
site.
As
a
result,
there
an
ongoing
shift
toward
use
novel
biomaterials.
Conductive
nanofiber
guidance
conduits
appear
to
be
optimal
solution
due
their
excellent
mechanical
stability,
structure,
electrical
stimulation
properties,
which
can
help
restore
original
neural
microenvironment.
This
review
article
focuses
on
in-depth
investigation
breakthroughs
in
conductive
regeneration.
It
summarizes
various
materials
that
have
used
development
conduits,
including
carbon
nanofibers,
multiwalled
nanotubes,
reduced
graphene
oxide,
nanoparticles,
polymers
polypyrrole,
polyaniline,
polydioxothiophene.
Furthermore,
this
also
addresses
contributions
manufacturing
strategies,
hybrid
electrospinning
surface
coating,
electrical,
mechanical,
biological
properties
conduits.
covers
practical
applications
these
improving
cell
function
facilitating
tissue
repair.
Although
application
prospects
are
promising,
remain
controlling
ensure
biocompatibility.
Future
research
will
focus
addressing
limitations
optimize
therapeutic
technology,
ultimately
providing
better
outcomes
patients
with
Язык: Английский
Peripheral Nerve Protection Strategies: Recent Advances and Potential Clinical Applications
Journal of Functional Biomaterials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(5), С. 153 - 153
Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2025
Peripheral
nerve
injuries
(PNIs)
are
a
significant
clinical
challenge,
often
resulting
in
persistent
sensory
and
motor
deficits
despite
surgical
repair.
Autologous
grafts
remain
the
gold
standard
for
repair;
however,
outcomes
frequently
suboptimal
due
to
donor
site
morbidity
inconsistent
functional
recovery.
A
major
obstacle
regeneration
is
formation
of
postoperative
adhesions
fibrosis,
which
impede
healing
necessitate
revision
surgeries.
Nerve
protectors
from
biological,
synthetic,
hybrid
materials
offer
promising
tissue
engineering
strategy
enhance
regeneration.
These
applied
as
protective
barrier
when
severed
without
gap,
allowing
direct
They
provide
mechanical
support
reduce
scarring.
Biocompatible
biological
wraps,
including
vascularized
fat
flaps,
vein
collagen-based
materials,
human
amniotic
membrane
(hAM),
porcine
small
intestinal
submucosa
(PSIS),
chitosan,
modulate
immune
responses
promote
vascularization.
Synthetic
alternatives,
like
polycaprolactone
(PCL),
stability
with
controlled
degradation.
Hybrid
such
PCL-amnion,
combine
benefits
both.
Despite
optimistic
results,
heterogeneity
study
methodologies
hinders
comparisons
standardization.
This
review
highlights
latest
developments
their
applications,
limitations,
future
potential,
guiding
clinicians
selecting
most
appropriate
peripheral
Язык: Английский
Endoneurial immune interplay in peripheral nerve repair: insights and implications for future therapeutic interventions
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
19
Опубликована: Май 9, 2025
The
mechanisms
underlying
axonal
injury
and
repair
in
peripheral
nerves,
whether
due
to
traumatic
damage
or
autoimmune
neuropathies,
are
complex
not
yet
fully
understood.
Recent
research
indicates
that
an
orchestrated
interplay
between
damaged
neurons,
Schwann
cells,
especially
endoneurial
immune
cells
such
as
macrophages
T
is
crucial
achieve
satisfactory
nerve
recovery.
Following
injury,
degenerating
axons
reactive
release
chemoattractants
cytokines
recruit
into
the
endoneurium.
Among
them,
play
a
pivotal
role
by
clearing
myelin
debris
subsequently
creating
pro-regenerative
microenvironment
supports
outgrowth.
There
evidence
timely
switch
of
pro-inflammatory
M1
toward
M2
macrophage
polarization
state
for
recovery,
supportive
cellular
humoral
factors
influence
microenvironment,
their
cytokines,
can
substantially
impact
this
fragile
recovery
process.
latter
explains
limited
where
pathologic
shift
within
cell
signature
hampers
This
review
aims
provide
insights
determinants
during
repair,
which
assumed
hold
substantial
potential
future
therapeutic
interventions,
since
current
strategies
enhance
either
surgical
interventions
neuropathies
immunomodulatory
drugs
often
fail
functional
results.
Язык: Английский
Transcription Factors and Coregulators in Schwann Cell Differentiation, Myelination, and Remyelination: Implications for Peripheral Neuropathy
Journal of Neuroscience Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
103(6)
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Schwann
cells
(SCs)
are
required
for
supporting
axons,
forming
myelin,
and
facilitating
repair
through
remyelination
after
injury
in
the
peripheral
nervous
system
(PNS).
Processes
of
differentiation,
myelination,
SCs
tightly
modulated
by
a
complex
network
transcription
factors
coregulators,
including
Sox10,
Oct6/Pou3f1,
Krox20/Egr2,
Nab1/2,
YY1,
COUP‐TFII/NR2F2,
YAP/TAZ‐TEAD1,
c‐Jun,
Sox2,
Zeb2,
Etv1/Er81.
These
can
regulate
expression
essential
target
genes
such
as
Mpz
Mbp
SC
myelination
repair.
Genetic
mutations
or
dysregulation
within
this
lead
to
neuropathies
Charcot–Marie–Tooth
disease.
However,
transcriptional
regulatory
has
not
been
fully
understood
yet.
Thus,
review
briefly
introduces
processes
explores
role
molecular
mechanisms
each
factor
coregulator
differentiation
their
following
nerve
injury.
Clinical
implications
associated
with
specific
gene
variations
coregulators
affecting
biology
also
discussed.
Язык: Английский
Oriented artificial nanofibers and laser induced periodic surface structures as substrates for Schwann cells alignment
Open Research Europe,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
4, С. 80 - 80
Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2024
People
with
injuries
to
the
peripheral
nervous
system
suffer
from
paralysis
of
facial
muscles,
fingers
and
hands
or
toes
feet,
often
for
rest
their
lives,
due
its
poor
functional
regeneration.
Therefore,
improve
patients'
quality
life,
there
is
an
urgent
need
conduits
that
effectively
support
healing
large
defects
in
nerve
pathways
through
specific
guidance
cells.
This
paper
describes
two
methods
achieving
directed
growth
Schwann
cells,
a
type
glial
cells
can
regeneration
pathway
by
guiding
neuronal
axons
direction
alignment.
One
method
uses
aligned
polyamide-6
(PA-6)
nanofibers
produced
via
electrospinning
on
very
fast
rotating
structured
collector,
which
enables
easy
nanofiber
detachment,
without
additional
effort.
The
other
implies
exposure
poly(ethylene
terephthalate)
(PET)
foil
KrF*
laser
beam,
renders
nanorippled
surface
topography.
cell
these
substrates
was
inspected
after
one
week
cultivation
means
scanning
electron
microscopy
(SEM).
For
both
we
show
grow
certain
direction,
predetermined
nanoripple
orientation.
In
contrast,
cultivated
randomly
oriented
unstructured
surfaces,
omnidirectional
behavior.
These
be
used
produce
treatment
system.
Язык: Английский
Synergic effects of core-shell nanospheres and magnetic field for sciatic nerve regeneration in decellularized artery conduits with Schwann cells
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
22(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024
Numerous
conduits
have
been
developed
to
improve
peripheral
nerve
regeneration.
However,
challenges
remain,
including
remote
control
of
conduit
function,
and
programmed
cell
behaviors
like
orientation.
We
synthesized
Fe3O4-MnO2@Zirconium-based
Metal-organic
frameworks@Retinoic
acid
(FMZMR)
core-shell
assessed
their
impact
on
Schwann
function
behavior
within
made
from
decellularized
human
umbilical
arteries
(DHUCA)
under
magnetic
field
(MF).
FMZMR
core-shell,
featuring
a
spherical
porous
structure
catalytic
properties,
effectively
scavenges
radicals
facilitates
controlled
drug
release
MF.
The
histology
the
DHUCA
indicates
effective
decellularization
with
adequate
tensile
strength
Young's
modulus
for
sciatic
In-vitro
results
demonstrate
that
is
biocompatible
promotes
proliferation
through
remotely
release.
Furthermore,
its
synergy
MF
enhances
orientation
increases
neurite
length
by
~
1.93-fold.
Functional
histological
evaluations
indicate
combined
regeneration,
decreases
muscle
atrophy,
new
neuron
growth
myelin
formation,
without
negatively
affecting
vital
tissues.
This
study
suggests
synergistic
effect
can
alleviate
some
treatment
challenges.
Язык: Английский