Cortical tracking of speakers’ formant changes predicts selective listening

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 23, 2024

Abstract A social scene is particularly informative when people are distinguishable. To understand somebody amid a ‘cocktail party’ chatter, we automatically index their voice. This ability underpinned by parallel processing of vocal spectral contours from speech sounds, but it has not yet been established how this occurs in the brain’s cortex. We investigate single-trial neural tracking slow frequency modulations using electroencephalography. Participants briefly listened to unfamiliar single speakers, and addition, they performed cocktail party comprehension task. Quantified through stimulus reconstruction methods, robust was found responses (delta-theta range) fourth fifth formant band, equivalent 3.5–5 KHz audible range. Instantaneous spacing (Δ F ), which also yields indexical information tract, similarly decodable. Moreover, EEG evidence listeners’ abilities predicted chances succeeding at selective listening faced with two-speaker mixtures. In summary, results indicate that communicating brain can rely on locking cortical rhythms major changes led upper resonances tract. Their corresponding articulatory mechanics hence continuously issue fundamental credential for listeners target real time.

Язык: Английский

---

Dynamics of pitch perception in the auditory cortex

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2024

Abstract The ability to perceive pitch allows human listeners experience music, recognize the identity and emotion conveyed by conversational partners, make sense of their auditory environment. A percept is formed weighting different acoustic cues (e.g., signal fundamental frequency inter-harmonic spacing) contextual (expectation). How when such are neurally encoded integrated remains debated. In this study, twenty-eight participants listened tone sequences with (pure tones, complex missing ambiguous mixtures), placed in predictable less sequences, while magnetoencephalography was recorded. Decoding analyses revealed that neural responses all three types, low-to-mid cortex, bilaterally, right-hemisphere dominance. pattern activity generalized across cue-types, offset time: earlier for harmonic tones (∼85ms) than pure (∼95ms). For emerged significantly contexts, could be decoded even before onset. results suggest a unified representation emerges integrating independent cues, context alters dynamics generation ambiguous.

Язык: Английский

---

Cortical tracking of speakers’ spectral changes predicts selective listening

Cerebral Cortex, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(12)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Abstract A social scene is particularly informative when people are distinguishable. To understand somebody amid a “cocktail party” chatter, we automatically index their voice. This ability underpinned by parallel processing of vocal spectral contours from speech sounds, but it has not yet been established how this occurs in the brain’s cortex. We investigate single-trial neural tracking slow frequency modulations using electroencephalography. Participants briefly listened to unfamiliar single speakers, and addition, they performed cocktail party comprehension task. Quantified through stimulus reconstruction methods, robust was found responses (delta-theta range) fourth fifth formant band, equivalent 3.5–5 KHz audible range. The spacing between neighboring instantaneous (ΔF), which also yields indexical information tract, similarly decodable. Moreover, EEG evidence listeners’ abilities predicted chances succeeding at selective listening faced with two-speaker mixtures. In summary, results indicate that communicating brain can rely on locking cortical rhythms major changes led upper resonances tract. Their corresponding articulatory mechanics hence continuously issue fundamental credential for listeners target real time.

Язык: Английский

---

Episodic long-term memory formation during slow-wave sleep

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2022

Summary We are unresponsive during slow-wave sleep but continue monitoring external events for survival. Our brain wakens us when danger is imminent. If non-threatening, our might store them later consideration to improve decision-making. To test this hypothesis, we examined whether novel vocabulary consisting of simultaneously played pseudowords and translation words encoded/stored sleep, which neural-electrical facilitate encoding/storage. An algorithm brain-state dependent stimulation selectively targeted word pairs peaks or troughs. Retrieval tests were given 12 36 hours later. These required decisions regarding the semantic category previously sleep-played pseudowords. The influenced awake decision-making later, if words’ linguistic processing raised neural complexity. semantic-associative encoding was supported by increased theta power ensuing peak. Fast-spindle ramped up a second peak likely aiding consolidation. Hence, new stored days

Язык: Английский

---

Cocktail party training induces increased speech intelligibility and decreased cortical activity in bilateral inferior frontal gyri. A functional near-infrared study

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 17(12), С. e0277801 - e0277801

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2022

The human brain networks responsible for selectively listening to a voice amid other talkers remain be clarified. present study aimed investigate relationships between cortical activity and performance in speech-in-speech task, before (Experiment I) after training-induced improvements II). In Experiment I, 74 participants performed task while their was measured using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) device. One target talker one masker were simultaneously presented at three different target-to-masker ratios (TMRs): adverse, intermediate favorable. Behavioral results show that may increase monotonically with TMR some failed decrease, or even improved, the adverse-TMR condition others. On neural level, an extensive network including frontal (left prefrontal cortex, right dorsolateral cortex bilateral inferior gyri) temporal (bilateral auditory cortex) regions more solicited by than two Additionally, gyri left activities found positively correlated behavioral condition. II, 27 participants, whose poorest of trained improve Results significant along decreased gyri, parietal training. Arguably, lower reflects higher efficiency processing inhibition As speech-in-noise tasks also imply regions, we suggest regardless type masking (speech noise) complexity will prompt implication similar network. Furthermore, initial cognitive recruitment reduced following training leading economy resources.

Язык: Английский

---

Linear modeling of brain activity during selective attention to continuous speech: the critical role of the N1 effect in event-related potentials to acoustic edges

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2023

Abstract Recent work in the field of neural speech tracking provided evidence for a cortical rep-resentation through superposition event-related responses to acoustic edges, an idea closely related popular linear modeling approach study syn-chronization via magneto- or electroencephalography (M/EEG). However, it is still unclear what extent speech-evoked potentials (ERPs) including well-established phenomena, e.g., N1 selective attention effect, contribute regression-based analyses. Here, we addressed this question by analyzing EEG dataset obtained during simple multispeaker task which participants were cued attend only one two competing speakers. Segmenting ongoing based on able replicate previous findings MEG data with particularly clear P1-N1-P2 complexes. Crucially, ERPs exhibited significant effects line auditory effect. Comparing regression results revealed major find-ings. First, temporal response functions (TRFs) from forward strongly temporally as well spatially correlated corresponding true ERPs. Sec-ond, demonstrated stimulus reconstruction (SR) accuracies backward appeared be driven consistent generation Taken together, our observations reveal direct link between edges and TRF SR mod-eling techniques. We emphasize enhancement signal-to-noise ratio repeatedly evoked critical factor facilitating subsequent higher-order processing selectively attended speech. In addition that, imply representation superimposed accordance recent arguments promoting evoked-response model.

Язык: Английский

---