Oxford University Press eBooks,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. 173 - 191
Опубликована: Июль 22, 2024
Abstract
Sometimes
a
person,
after
brain
injury,
displays
sleep-wake
cycles
but
has
severely
impaired,
or
entirely
absent,
responses
to
external
stimuli.
Traditionally,
attempts
have
been
made
distinguish
the
persistent
vegetative
state
(PVS)
from
minimally
conscious
(MCS).
However,
diagnostic
procedures
are
subject
high
error
rates
and
uncertainty.
There
is
also
realistic
possibility
that
midbrain
mechanisms
suffice
for
basic
valenced
experiences
even
if
cortical
injury
fully
prevents
patient
reporting
these
experiences.
Decisions
withdraw
treatment
should
be
based
on
comprehensive
best-interests
assessment,
not
PVS/MCS
distinction.
The
method
of
withdrawing
clinically
assisted
nutrition
hydration
(CANH)
would
acceptable
any
other
sentient
being,
alternatives
must
explored
discussed
by
inclusive,
democratic
processes.
In
cases
where
CANH
withdrawal
authorized,
clinicians
guaranteed
hastening
death
using
large
doses
sedatives
analgesics
will
lead
punishment.
Oxford University Press eBooks,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 19, 2024
Abstract
Can
octopuses
feel
pain
and
pleasure?
What
about
crabs,
shrimps,
insects,
or
spiders?
How
do
we
tell
whether
a
person
unresponsive
after
severe
brain
injury
might
be
suffering?
When
does
fetus
in
the
womb
start
to
have
conscious
experiences?
Could
there
even
rudimentary
feelings
miniature
models
of
human
brain,
grown
from
stem
cells?
And
what
AI?
These
are
questions
edge
sentience,
they
subject
enormous,
disorienting
uncertainty.
The
stakes
immense,
neglecting
risks
can
terrible
costs.
We
need
err
on
side
caution,
yet
it’s
often
far
clear
‘erring
caution’
should
mean
practice.
going
too
far?
not
doing
enough?
Edge
Sentience
presents
comprehensive
precautionary
framework
designed
help
us
reach
ethically
sound,
evidence-based
decisions
despite
our
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
17
Опубликована: Март 12, 2024
The
zebrafish
(
Danio
rerio
)
is
increasingly
used
in
neuroscience
research.
Zebrafish
are
relatively
easy
to
maintain,
and
their
high
fecundity
makes
them
suitable
for
high-throughput
experiments.
Their
small,
transparent
embryos
larvae
allow
microscopic
imaging
of
the
developing
brain.
also
share
a
degree
genetic
similarity
with
humans,
amenable
manipulation
techniques,
such
as
gene
knockdown,
knockout,
or
knock-in,
which
allows
researchers
study
role
specific
genes
relevant
human
brain
development,
function,
disease.
can
serve
model
behavioral
studies,
including
locomotion,
learning,
social
interactions.
In
this
review,
we
present
state-of-the-art
methods
function
zebrafish,
tools
labeling
single
neurons
neuronal
circuits,
live
neural
activity,
synaptic
dynamics
protein
interactions
brain,
optogenetic
manipulation,
use
virtual
reality
technology
testing.
We
highlight
potential
research,
especially
regarding
genetic-based
disorders
discuss
its
certain
limitations
model.
Biomedicines,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13(6), С. 1301 - 1301
Опубликована: Май 26, 2025
The
use
of
animal
models
idiopathic
generalized
epilepsy
(IGE)
is
great
importance
in
the
field
research,
with
IGE
affecting
more
than
20
million
people
worldwide.
IGEs
are
characterized
by
a
high
degree
genetic
heterogeneity,
which
makes
it
difficult
to
understand
underlying
mechanisms
leading
seizures.
development
models,
whether
spontaneous
or
resulting
from
manipulation,
has
significantly
contributed
our
understanding
pathological
processes
certain
IGEs,
notably
absence
epilepsy.
Research
suggests
that
concept
covering
whole
brain
should
be
replaced
model
thalamus
and
its
various
nuclei
integrated
into
thalamo-cortical
loops.
These
then
assume
distinct
roles
generation
generalization
seizures,
may
differ
across
spectrum
disorders.
study
epileptogenesis
also
essential:
this
area
grounded
systematic
developmental
neuroscience,
examines
intermediate
stages
neuronal
activity
determine
when,
how,
functional
diverges
between
healthy
states.
Understanding
nervous
system
requires
comprehensive
view
how
anatomic,
molecular,
genetics
factors
relate
activity.
emerging
optogenetic
methods
human
assembloids
will
greatly
aid
these
processes.
Journal of Comparative Physiology A,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
210(2), С. 325 - 346
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2024
Abstract
For
100
years,
the
Journal
of
Comparative
Physiology-A
has
significantly
supported
research
in
field
neuroethology.
The
celebration
journal’s
centennial
is
a
great
time
point
to
appreciate
recent
progress
neuroethology
and
discuss
possible
avenues
field.
Animal
behavior
main
source
inspiration
for
neuroethologists.
This
illustrated
by
huge
diversity
investigated
behaviors
species.
To
explain
at
mechanistic
level,
neuroethologists
combine
neuroscientific
approaches
with
sophisticated
behavioral
analysis.
rapid
technological
neuroscience
makes
highly
dynamic
exciting
research.
summarize
scientific
neuroethology,
I
went
through
all
abstracts
last
six
International
Congresses
Neuroethology
(ICNs
2010–2022)
categorized
them
based
on
sensory
modalities,
experimental
model
species,
topics.
highlights
gives
us
perspective
field’s
future.
At
end,
highlight
three
topics
that
may,
among
others,
influence
future
hope
sharing
my
roots
may
inspire
other
scientists
follow
neuroethological
approaches.
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18
Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024
In
the
dynamic
landscape
of
biomedical
science,
pursuit
effective
treatments
for
motor
neuron
disorders
like
hereditary
spastic
paraplegia
(HSP),
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS),
and
spinal
muscular
atrophy
(SMA)
remains
a
key
priority.
Central
to
this
endeavor
is
development
robust
animal
models,
with
zebrafish
emerging
as
prime
candidate.
Exhibiting
embryonic
transparency,
swift
life
cycle,
significant
genetic
neuroanatomical
congruencies
humans,
offer
substantial
potential
research.
Despite
difference
in
locomotion-zebrafish
undulate
while
humans
use
limbs,
presents
relevant
phenotypic
parallels
human
control
disorders,
providing
valuable
insights
into
neurodegenerative
diseases.
This
review
explores
zebrafish's
inherent
traits
how
they
facilitate
profound
complex
behavioral
cellular
phenotypes
associated
these
disorders.
Furthermore,
we
examine
recent
advancements
high-throughput
drug
screening
using
model,
promising
avenue
identifying
therapeutically
potent
compounds.
Development Growth & Differentiation,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
65(8), С. 453 - 458
Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2023
Autism
spectrum
disorder
(ASD)
is
one
of
the
most
common,
heritable
neuropsychiatric
disorders
in
world,
affecting
almost
1%
population.
The
core
symptoms
used
to
diagnose
ASD
are
decreased
social
interaction
and
increased
repetitive
behaviors.
Despite
large
number
affected
individuals,
precise
mechanisms
that
cause
this
remain
unclear.
identification
genes
environmental
factors
associated
with
allows
study
underlying
animal
models.
Although
presents
as
a
human
disorder,
based
on
recent
advances
understanding
their
brain
anatomy,
physiology,
behavior,
evolutionary
conservation
neuronal
cell
types,
I
propose
zebrafish
may
provide
novel
insights
into
etiology.
